Novel molecules of the card-related protein family and uses thereof

ABSTRACT

Novel CARD-3, CARD-4L, CARD-4S, CARD-4Y, CARD-4Z, CARD-5, and CARD-6 polypeptides, proteins, and nucleic acid molecules are disclosed. In addition to isolated CARD-3, CARD-4L, CARD-4S, CARD-4Y, CARD-4Z, CARD-5, and CARD-6 proteins, and the invention further provides CARD-3, CARD-4L, CARD-4S, CARD-4Y, CARD-4Z, CARD-5, and CARD-6 fusion proteins, antigenic peptides and anti-CARD-3, anti-CARD-4L and anti-CARD-4S, anti-CARD-4Y, anti-CARD-4Z, anti-CARD-5, and anti-CARD-6 antibodies. The invention also provides CARD-3, CARD-4L, CARD-4S, CARD-4Y, CARD-4Z, CARD-5, and CARD-6 nucleic acid molecules, recombinant expression vectors containing a nucleic acid molecule of the invention, host cells into which the expression vectors have been introduced and non-human transgenic animals in which a CARD-3, CARD-4L, CARD-4S, CARD-4Y, CARD-4Z, CARD-5, and CARD-6 gene has been introduced or disrupted. Diagnostic, screening and therapeutic methods utilizing compositions of the invention are also provided.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/245,281, filed Feb. 5, 1999, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/207,359, filed Dec. 8, 1998, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/099,041, filed Jun. 17, 1998, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/019,942, filed Feb. 6, 1998. The contents of each of these applications is incorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0002] In multicellular organisms, homeostasis is maintained by balancing the rate of cell proliferation against the rate of cell death. Cell proliferation is influenced by numerous growth factors and the expression of proto-oncogenes, which typically encourage progression through the cell cycle. In contrast, numerous events, including the expression of tumor suppressor genes, can lead to an arrest of cellular proliferation.

[0003] In differentiated cells, a particular type of cell death called apoptosis occurs when an internal suicide program is activated. This program can be initiated by a variety of external signals as well as signals that are generated within the cell in response to, for example, genetic damage. For many years, the magnitude of apoptotic cell death was not appreciated because the dying cells are quickly eliminated by phagocytes, without an inflammatory response.

[0004] Many caspases and proteins that interact with caspases possess domains of about 60 amino acids called a caspase recruitment domain (CARD). Hofmann et al. (TIBS 22:155, 1997) and others have postulated that certain apoptotic proteins bind to each other via their CARDs and that different subtypes of CARDs may confer binding specificity, regulating the activity of various caspases, for example. The functional significance of CARDs have been repeatedly demonstrated. For example, Duan et al. (Nature 385:86, 1997) showed that deleting the CARD at the N-terminus of RAIDD abolished the ability of RAIDD to bind to caspases.

[0005] Caspase-9 activation may precede the activation of all other cell death-related caspases in the mitochondrial pathways of apoptosis (Slee et al., J. Cell Biol. 144:281-292, 1999). Inactive procaspase-9 is activated by interaction with a complex which includes Apaf-1, a CARD-containing protein, and other factors (Li et al., Cell 91:479, 1997; Srinivasula et al., Mol. Cell 1:949-959, 1998). Recognition of procaspase-9 by Apaf-1 occurs primarily through the interaction of the CARD of Apaf-1 with the prodomain of caspase-9. The CARD of Apaf-1 shares about 20% sequence identity with the prodomain of procaspase-9. The prodomain of caspase-9 is a member of the CARD family of apoptotic signalling motifs (Hofmann and Bucher, Trends in Biochem. Sci. 22:155-156, 1997). A similar domain is present in caspase activating proteins CED-4 and RAIDD/CRADD as well as in initiator caspases CED-3 and caspase-2/ICH-1 (Duan and Dixit, Nature 385:86-89, 1997; Ahmad et al., Cancer Res. 57:615-619, 1997; Alnemri et al., Cell 87:171, 1996). Apaf-1 can bind several other caspases, e.g., caspase-4 and caspase-8 (Inohara et al., J. Biol. Chem. 273:12296-12300, 1998).

[0006] Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is a transcription factor expressed in many cell types and which activates homologous or heterologous genes that have κB sites in their promoters. Molecules that regulate NF-κB activation play a critical role in both apoptosis and inflammation. Quiescent NF-κB resides in the cytoplasm as a heterodimer of proteins referred to as p50 and p65 and is complexed with the regulatory protein IκB. NF-κB binding to IκB causes NF-κB to remain in the cytoplasm. At least two dozen stimuli that activate NF-κB are known (New England Journal of Medicine 336:1066, 1997) and they include cytokines, protein kinase C activators, oxidants, viruses, and immune system stimuli. NF-κB activating stimuli activate specific IκB kinases that phosphorylate IκB leading to its degradation. Once liberated from IκB, NF-κB translocates to the nucleus and activates genes with κB sites in their promoters. The proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1 induce NF-κB activation by binding their cell-surface receptors and activating the NF-κB-inducing kinase, NIK, and NF-κB. NIK phosphorylates the IκB kinases α and β which phosphorylate IκB, leading to its degradation.

[0007] NF-κB and the NF-κB pathway has been implicated in mediating chronic inflammation in inflammatory diseases such as asthma, ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis (Epstein, New England Journal of Medicine 336:1066, 1997) and inhibiting NF-κB or NF-κB pathways may be an effective way of treating these diseases. NF-κB and the NF-κB pathway has also been implicated in atherosclerosis (Navab et al., American Journal of Cardiology 76:18C, 1995), especially in mediating fatty streak formation, and inhibiting NF-κB or NF-κB pathways may be an effective therapy for atherosclerosis. Among the genes activated by NF-κB are cIAP-1, cIAP-2, TRAF1, and TRAF2, all of which have been shown to protect cells from TNF-α induced cell death (Wang et al., Science 281:1680-83, 1998). CLAP, a protein which includes a CARD, activates the Apaf-1-caspase-9 pathway and activates NF-κB by acting upstream of NIK and IκB kinase (Srinivasula et al., supra).

[0008] Bcl-2 family proteins are important regulators of pathways involved in apoptosis and can act to inhibit or promote cell death. Expression of certain anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members is commonly altered in cancerous cells, suppressing programmed cell death and extending tumor growth. Among the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members thus far identified are Boo, Bcl-2, Bcl-x_(L), Bcl-w, NR-13, Al, and Mcl-2. Pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members include Bax, Bak, Bad, Bik, Bid, Hrk, Bim, and Bok/Mtd. Significantly, the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family member, Bcl-x_(L), has been shown to interact with Apaf-1 and block Apaf-1-dependent caspase-9 activation (Hu et al., Proc. Nat'l. Acad. Sci. 95:4386-4391, 1998). Boo, another anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family member, interacts with Apaf-1 and caspase-9. Bak and Bik, pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members, can disrupt the association of Boo with Apaf-1 (Song et al., EMBO J. 18:167-178, 1999). Boo is thought to be involved in the control of ovarian atresia and sperm maturation. Diva, another member of the Bc1-2 family, inhibits binding of Bcl-x_(L) to Apf-1, preventing Bcl-x_(L) from binding to Apaf-1.

[0009] Neurotrophins (e.g., NGF), which are best know as neuronal survival factors, can mediate apoptosis via the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75^(NTR)). It is thought that p75^(NTR) activation can lead to NF-κB activation (Carter et al., Science 272:542-545, 1996). It has been proposed that p75^(NTR)-mediated cell death acts to ensure rapid cell death when a neuron is unable to obtain sufficient neurotropins. This mechanism could, for example, cause the elimination of neurons that reach an inappropriate target or that reach an appropriate target at an inappropriate time (Miller and Kaplan, Cell Death and Diff. 5:343-345, 1998).

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0010] The present invention is based, at least in part, on the discovery of genes encoding CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, and CARD-6. A full-length human CARD-3 cDNA is presented. Several CARD-4 cDNAs are presented. Briefly, the CARD-4 gene can express a long transcript that encodes CARD-4L, a short transcript that encodes partial CARD-4S, or two CARD-4 splice variants (CARD-4Y and CARD-4Z). A full length cDNA sequence for the murine ortholog of CARD-4L is also presented. Full-length cDNAs encoding murine and human CARD-5 are presented. In addition, full-length cDNAs encoding human and rat CARD-6 are presented.

[0011] CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, and CARD-6 are intracellular proteins that are predicted to be involved in regulating caspase activation. CARD-4 is found to activate the NF-κB pathway and to enhance caspase 9-mediated cell death. In addition, proteins that bind to CARD-4 are presented including CARD-3 and hNUDC.

[0012] The CARD-3 cDNA described below (SEQ ID NO:1) has a 1620 open reading frame (nucleotides 214 to 1833 of SEQ ID NO:1; SEQ ID NO:3) which encodes a 540 amino acid protein (SEQ ID NO:2). CARD-3 contains a kinase domain which extends from amino acid 1 to amino acid 300 of SEQ ID NO:2; SEQ ID NO:4, followed by a linker domain at amino acid 301 to amino acid 431 of SEQ ID NO:2; SEQ ID NO:5 and a CARD at amino acid 432 to amino acid 540 of SEQ ID NO:2; SEQ ID NO:6.

[0013] At least four forms of CARD-4 exist in the cell, a long form, CARD-4L, a short form, CARD-4S, and two splice variants, CARD-4Y and CARD-4Z. The cDNA of CARD-4L described below (SEQ ID NO:7) has a 2859 nucleotide open reading frame (nucleotides 245-3103 of SEQ ID NO:7; SEQ ID NO:9) which encodes a 953 amino acid protein (SEQ ID NO:8). CARD-4L protein possesses a CARD domain (amino acids 15-114; SEQ ID NO:10). The nucleotide sequence of the full length cDNA corresponding to the murine ortholog of human CARD-4L is presented (SEQ ID NO:42) as is the predicted amino acid sequence of murine CARD-4L (SEQ ID NO:43). A comparison between the predicted amino acid sequences of human CARD-4L and murine CARD-4L is also depicted in FIG. 17.

[0014] Human CARD-4L is also predicted to have a nucleotide binding domain which extends from about amino acid 198 to about amino acid 397 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:11, a Walker Box “A”, which extends from about amino acid 202 to about amino acid 209 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:12, a Walker Box “B”, which extends from about amino acid 280 to about amino acid 284, of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:13, a kinase la (P-loop) subdomain, which extends from about amino acid 127 to about amino acid 212 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:46, a kinase 2 subdomain, which extends from about amino acid 273 to about amino acid 288 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:47, a kinase 3a subdomain, which extends from about amino acid 327 to about amino acid 338 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:14, and ten Leucine-rich repeats which extend from about amino acid 674 to about amino acid 950 of SEQ ID NO:8. The first Leucine-rich repeat extends from about amino acid 674 to about amino acid 701 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:15. The second Leucine-rich repeat extends from about amino acid 702 to about amino acid 727 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:16. The third Leucine-rich repeat extends from about amino acid 728 to about amino acid 754 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:17. The fourth Leucine-rich repeat extends from about amino acid 755 to about amino acid 782 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:18. The fifth Leucine-rich repeat extends from about amino acid 783 to about amino acid 810 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:19. The sixth Leucine-rich repeat extends from about amino acid 811 to about amino acid 838 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:20. The seventh Leucine-rich repeat extends from about amino acid 839 to about amino acid 866 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:21. The eighth Leucine-rich repeat extends from about amino acid 867 to about amino acid 894 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:22. The ninth Leucine-rich repeat extends from about amino acid 895 to about amino acid 922 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:23 and the tenth leucine-rich repeat extends from about amino acid 923 to about amino acid 950 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:24.

[0015] The partial cDNA of CARD-4S described below (SEQ ID NO:25) has a 1470 nucleotide open reading frame (nucleotides 1-1470 of SEQ ID NO:25; SEQ ID NO:27) which encodes a 490 amino acid protein (SEQ ID NO:26). CARD-4S protein possesses a CARD domain (amino acids 1-74 of SEQ ID NO:26; SEQ ID NO:28). CARD-4S is predicted to have a P-Loop which extends from about amino acid 163 to about amino acid 170 of SEQ ID NO:26; SEQ ID NO:29, and a Walker Box “B” which extends form about amino acid 241 to about amino acid 245 of SEQ ID NO:26; SEQ ID NO:30.

[0016] A human CARD-4Y nucleotide cDNA sequence is presented (SEQ ID NO:38) as is the amino acid sequence of the predicted CARD-4Y product (SEQ ID NO:39). A human CARD-4Z nucleotide cDNA sequence is presented (SEQ ID NO:40) as is the amino acid sequence of the predicted CARD-4Z product (SEQ ID NO:41). A comparison of the CARD-4Y, CARD-4Z, and human CARD-4L predicted amino acid sequences is also shown in FIG. 14.

[0017] The 761 nucleotide murine CARD-5 cDNA described below (SEQ ID NO:60) has a 579 nucleotide open reading frame (nucleotides 89 to 668 of SEQ ID NO:60; SEQ ID NO:62) which encodes a 193 amino acid protein (SEQ ID NO:61). Murine CARD-5 contains a CARD domain which extends from amino acid 110 to amino acid 179 of SEQ ID NO:61 (SEQ ID NO:66).

[0018] The 740 nucleotide human CARD-5 cDNA described below (SEQ ID NO:48) has a 585 nucleotide open reading frame (nucleotides 54 to 639 of SEQ ID NO:48; SEQ ID NO:50) which encodes a 195 amino acid protein (SEQ ID NO:49). Human CARD-5 contains a CARD domain which extends from amino acid 111 to amino acid 181 of SEQ ID NO:49 (SEQ ID NO:58).

[0019] The 5252 nucleotide rat CARD-6 cDNA described below (SEQ ID NO:51) has a 2715 nucleotide open reading frame (nucleotides 169 to 2883 of SEQ ID NO:51; SEQ ID NO:53) which encodes a 905 amino acid protein (SEQ ID NO:52). Rat CARD-6 contains a CARD domain which extends from amino acid 1 to amino acid 108 of SEQ ID NO:52 (SEQ ID NO:59). Rat CARD-6 also has a proline-rich C-terminus which extends from amino acid 698 to amino acid 905 of SEQ ID NO:52 (SEQ ID NO:65). This proline-rich domain includes five putative SH3 binding sites. These binding sites have the sequence PXXP and are located at amino acids 710 to 713 (PAHP), 806 to 809 (PLRP), 819 to 822 (PIPP), 857 to 860 (PPHP), and 881 to 884 (PSQP) of SEQ ID NO:52.

[0020] The 4244 human CARD-6 cDNA described below (SEQ ID NO:54) has a 3111 nucleotide open reading frame (nucleotides 200 to 3310 of SEQ ID NO:54; SEQ ID NO:56) which encodes a 1037 amino acid protein (SEQ ID NO:55). Human CARD-6 includes a CARD domain which extends from amino acid 5 to amino acid 92 of SEQ ID NO:55 (SEQ ID NO:64).

[0021] Like other proteins containing a CARD domain, CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, and CARD-6 to participate in the network of interactions that lead to caspase activity. Human CARD-4L likely plays a functional role in caspase activation similar to that of Apaf-1 (Zou et al. (1997) Cell 90:405-413). For example, upon activation, CARD-4L binds a nucleotide, thus allowing CARD-4L to bind and activate a CARD-containing caspase via a CARD-CARD interaction, leading to apoptotic death of the cell. CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-S, and CARD-6 molecules are useful as modulating agents in regulating a variety of cellular processes including cell growth and cell death. In one aspect, this invention provides isolated nucleic acid molecules encoding CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 proteins or biologically active portions thereof, as well as nucleic acid fragments suitable as primers or hybridization probes for the detection of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 encoding nucleic acids.

[0022] The invention encompasses methods of diagnosing and treating patients who are suffering from a disorder associated with an abnormal level or rate (undesirably high or undesirably low) of apoptotic cell death, abnormal activity of the Fas/APO-1 receptor complex, abnormal activity of the TNF receptor complex, or abnormal activity of a caspase by administering a compound that modulates the expression of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 (at the DNA, mRNA or protein level, e.g., by altering mRNA splicing) or by altering the activity of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6. Examples of such compounds include small molecules, antisense nucleic acid molecules, ribozymes, and polypeptides.

[0023] Certain disorders are associated with an increased number of surviving cells, which are produced and continue to survive or proliferate when apoptosis is inhibited or occurs at an undesirably low rate. Compounds that modulate the expression or activity of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 can be used to treat or diagnose such disorders. These disorders include cancer (particularly follicular lymphomas, chronic myelogenous leukemia, melanoma, colon cancer, lung carcinoma, carcinomas associated with mutations in p53, and hormone-dependent tumors such as breast cancer, prostate cancer, and ovarian cancer). Such compounds can also be used to treat viral infections (such as those caused by herpesviruses, poxviruses, and adenoviruses). Failure to remove autoimmune cells that arise during development or that develop as a result of somatic mutation during an immune response can result in autoimmune disease. Thus, autoimmune disorders can be caused by an undesirably low levels of apoptosis. Accordingly, modulators of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 activity or expression can be used to treat autoimmune disorders (e.g., systemic lupus erythematosis, immune-mediated glomerulonephritis, and arthritis).

[0024] Many diseases are associated with an undesirably high rate of apoptosis. Modulators of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 expression or activity can be used to treat or diagnose such disorders. For example, populations of cells are often depleted in the event of viral infection, with perhaps the most dramatic example being the cell depletion caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Surprisingly, most T cells that die during HIV infections do not appear to be infected with HIV. Although a number of explanations have been proposed, recent evidence suggests that stimulation of the CD4 receptor results in the enhanced susceptibility of uninfected T cells to undergo apoptosis. A wide variety of neurological diseases are characterized by the gradual loss of specific sets of neurons. Such disorders include Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) retinitis pigmentosa, spinal muscular atrophy, and various forms of cerebellar degeneration. The cell loss in these diseases does not induce an inflammatory response, and apoptosis appears to be the mechanism of cell death. In addition, a number of hematologic diseases are associated with a decreased production of blood cells. These disorders include anemia associated with chronic disease, aplastic anemia, chronic neutropenia, and the myelodysplastic syndromes. Disorders of blood cell production, such as myelodysplastic syndrome and some forms of aplastic anemia, are associated with increased apoptotic cell death within the bone marrow. These disorders could result from the activation of genes that promote apoptosis, acquired deficiencies in stromal cells or hematopoietic survival factors, or the direct effects of toxins and mediators of immune responses. Two common disorders associated with cell death are myocardial infarctions and stroke. In both disorders, cells within the central area of ischemia, which is produced in the event of acute loss of blood flow, appear to die rapidly as a result of necrosis. However, outside the central ischemic zone, cells die over a more protracted time period and morphologically appear to die by apoptosis.

[0025] Proteins containing a CARD domain are thought to be involved in various inflammatory disorders. Accordingly, CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, and CARD-6 polypeptides, nucleic acids and modulators of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 expression or activity can be used to treat immune disorders. Such immune disorders include, but are not limited to, chronic inflammatory diseases and disorders, such as Crohn's disease, reactive arthritis, including Lyme disease, insulin-dependent diabetes, organ-specific autoimmunity, including multiple sclerosis, Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Grave's disease, contact dermatitis, psoriasis, graft rejection, graft versus host disease, sarcoidosis, atopic conditions, such as asthma and allergy, including allergic rhinitis, gastrointestinal allergies, including food allergies, eosinophilia, conjunctivitis, glomerular nephritis, certain pathogen susceptibilities such as helminthic (e.g., leishmaniasis), certain viral infections, including HIV, and bacterial infections, including tuberculosis and lepromatous leprosy.

[0026] In addition to the aforementioned disorders, CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, and CARD-6 polypeptides, nucleic acids, and modulators of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5 or CARD-6 expression or activity can be used to treat disorders of cell signalling and disorders of tissues in which CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5 or CARD-6 is expressed.

[0027] The invention features a nucleic acid molecule which is at least 45% (or 55%, 65%, 75%, 85%, 95%, or 98%) identical to the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:3, SEQ ID NO:7, SEQ ID NO:9, SEQ ID:25, SEQ ID NO:27, SEQ ID NO:38, SEQ ID NO:40, SEQ ID NO:42, SEQ ID NO:48, SEQ ID NO:50, SEQ ID NO:51, SEQ ID NO:53, SEQ ID NO:54, SEQ ID NO:56, SEQ ID NO:60, SEQ ID NO:62, the nucleotide sequence of the cDNA insert of the plasmid deposited with the ATCC as Accession Number 203037 (the “cDNA of ATCC 203037”), the nucleotide sequence of the cDNA insert of the plasmid deposited with the ATCC as Accession Number 203035 (the “cDNA of ATCC 203035”), the nucleotide sequence of the cDNA insert of the plasmid deposited with the ATCC as Accession Number 203036 (the “cDNA of ATCC 203036”), the nucleotide sequence of the cDNA insert of the plasmid deposited with the ATCC as Accession Number PTA-211 (the “cDNA of ATCC PTA-211”), the nucleotide sequence of the cDNA insert of the plasmid deposited with the ATCC as Accession Number PTA-212 (“the cDNA of ATCC PTA-212”), the nucleotide sequence of the cDNA insert of the plasmid deposited with the ATCC as Accession Number PTA-213 (the “cDNA of ATCC PTA-213”), or a complement thereof.

[0028] The invention features a nucleic acid molecule which includes a fragment of at least 150 (300, 325, 350, 375, 400, 425, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 1300, 1600 or 1931) nucleotides of the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:1, or SEQ ID NO:3, or the nucleotide sequence of the cDNA ATCC 203037, or a complement thereof.

[0029] The invention also features a nucleic acid molecule which includes a fragment of at least 150 (350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 1300, 1600, 1900, 2100, 2400, 2700, 3000, or 3382) nucleotides of the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:7, SEQ ID NO:9, or the nucleotide sequence of the cDNA ATCC 203035, or a complement thereof.

[0030] Also within the invention is a nucleic acid molecule which includes a fragment of at least 150 (350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 1300, 1600, 1900, 2100, 2400, 2700, and 3080) nucleotides of the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:25, SEQ ID NO:27, SEQ ID NO:38, SEQ ID NO:40, or the nucleotide sequence of the cDNA of ATCC 203036, or a complement thereof.

[0031] The invention also features a nucleic acid molecule which includes a fragment of at least 150 (350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, and 761) nucleotides of the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:60, SEQ ID NO:62, or the nucleotide sequence of the cDNA of ATCC PTA-212, or a complement thereof.

[0032] The invention also features a nucleic acid molecule which includes a fragment of at least 150 (350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, and 740) nucleotides of the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:48, SEQ ID NO:50, the cDNA of ATCC PTA-213, or a complement thereof.

[0033] The invention also features a nucleic acid molecule which includes a fragment of at least 150 (350, 400, 450, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, 3000, 3500, 4000, 4500, 5000, and 5252) nucleotides of the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:51, SEQ ID NO:53, or a complement thereof.

[0034] The invention also features a nucleic acid molecule which includes a fragment of at least 150 (200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 1400, 1800, 2200, 2600, or 3000) nucleotides of the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:54, SEQ ID NO:56, the cDNA of ATCC PTA-213, or a complement thereof.

[0035] The invention features a nucleic acid molecule which includes a nucleotide sequence encoding a protein having an amino acid sequence that is at least 45% (or 55%, 65%, 75%, 85%, 95%, or 98%) identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:8, SEQ ID NO:26, SEQ ID NO:39, SEQ ID NO:41, SEQ ID NO:43, SEQ ID NO:49, SEQ ID NO:52, SEQ ID NO:55, SEQ ID NO:61, or the amino acid sequence encoded by the cDNA of ATCC 203037, the amino acid sequence encoded by the cDNA of ATCC 203035, the amino acid sequence encoded by the cDNA of ATCC 203036, the amino acid sequence encoded by the cDNA of ATCC PTA-211, the amino acid sequence encoded by the cDNA of ATCC PTA-212, or the amino acid sequence encoded by the cDNA of ATCC PTA-213.

[0036] In an embodiment, a CARD-3 nucleic acid molecule has the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:1, or SEQ ID NO:3, or the nucleotide sequence of the cDNA of ATCC 203037.

[0037] In another embodiment, a CARD-4L nucleic acid molecule has the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:7, or SEQ ID NO:9, or the nucleotide sequence of the cDNA of ATCC 203035.

[0038] In yet another embodiment, a CARD-4S nucleic acid molecule has the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:25, or SEQ ID NO:27, or the nucleotide sequence of the cDNA of ATCC 203036. In another embodiment, a murine CARD-4L nucleic acid molecule has the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:42.

[0039] In another embodiment, a CARD-4Y nucleic acid molecule has the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:38.

[0040] In another embodiment, a CARD-4Z nucleic acid molecule has the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:40.

[0041] In another embodiment, a human CARD-5 nucleic acid molecule has the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:48, SEQ ID NO:50 or the nucleotide sequence of the cDNA of ATCC PTA-213. In another embodiment, a murine CARD-5 nucleic acid molecule has the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:60 or SEQ ID NO:62.

[0042] In yet another embodiment, a rat CARD-6 nucleic acid molecule has the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:51, SEQ ID NO:53, or the nucleotide sequence of the cDNA of ATCC PTA-211.

[0043] In still another embodiment, a human CARD-6 nucleic acid molecule has the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:54, SEQ ID NO:56, or the nucleotide sequence of the cDNA of ATCC PTA-213.

[0044] Also within the invention is a nucleic acid molecule which encodes a fragment of a polypeptide having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:8, SEQ ID NO:26, SEQ ID NO:39, SEQ ID NO:41, SEQ ID NO:43, SEQ ID NO:49, SEQ ID NO:52, SEQ ID NO:55, SEQ ID NO:61, the fragment including at least 15 (25, 30, 50, 100, 150, 300, 400 or 540, 600, 700, 800, 900) contiguous amino acids of SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:8, SEQ ID NO:26, SEQ ID NO:39, SEQ ID NO:41, SEQ ID NO:43, SEQ ID NO:49, SEQ ID NO:52, or SEQ ID NO:55, SEQ ID NO:61, the polypeptide encoded by the cDNA of ATCC Accession Number 203037, the polypeptide encoded by the cDNA of ATCC Accession Number 203035, the polypeptide encoded by the cDNA of ATCC Accession Number 203036, the polypeptide encoded by the cDNA of ATCC Accession Number PTA-211, the polypeptide encoded by the cDNA of ATCC Accession Number PTA-212, or the polypeptide encoded by the cDNA of ATCC Accession Number PTA-213.

[0045] The invention includes a nucleic acid molecule which encodes a naturally occurring allelic variant of a polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:8, SEQ ID NO:26, SEQ ID NO:39, SEQ ID NO:41, SEQ ID NO:43, SEQ ID NO:49, SEQ ID NO:52, SEQ ID NO:55, SEQ ID NO:61, or an amino acid sequence encoded by the cDNA of ATCC Accession Number 203037, 203035, 203036, PTA-211, PTA-212, or PTA-213, wherein the nucleic acid molecule hybridizes to a nucleic acid molecule consisting of SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:3, SEQ ID NO:7, SEQ ID NO:9, SEQ ID:25, SEQ ID NO:27, SEQ ID NO:38, SEQ ID NO:40, SEQ ID NO:42, SEQ ID NO:48, SEQ ID NO:50, SEQ ID NO:51, SEQ ID NO:53, SEQ ID NO:54, SEQ ID NO:56, SEQ ID NO:60, SEQ ID NO:62, the cDNA of ATCC 203037, the cDNA of ATCC 203035, the cDNA of ATCC 203036, the cDNA of ATCC PTA-211, the cDNA of ATCC PTA-212, or the cDNA of PTA-213 under stringent conditions.

[0046] In general, an allelic variant of a gene will be readily identifiable as mapping to the same chromosomal location as said gene. For example, in Example 6, the chromosomal location of the human CARD-4 gene is discovered to be chromosome 7 close to the SHGC-31928 genetic marker. Allelic variants of human CARD-4 will be readily identifiable as mapping to the human CARD-4 locus on chromosome 7 near genetic marker SHGC-31928.

[0047] Also within the invention are: an isolated CARD-3 protein having an amino acid sequence that is at least about 65%, preferably 75%, 85%, 95%, or 98% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2; an isolated CARD-3 protein having an amino acid sequence that is at least about 85%, 95%, or 98% identical to the kinase domain of SEQ ID NO:2 (e.g., about amino acid residues 1 to 300 of SEQ ID NO:2; SEQ ID NO:4); and an isolated CARD-3 protein having an amino acid sequence that is at least about 85%, 95%, or 98% identical to the linker domain of SEQ ID NO:2 (e.g., about amino acid residues 301 to 431 of SEQ ID NO:2; SEQ ID NO:5); an isolated CARD-3 protein having an amino acid sequence that is at least about 85%, 95%, or 98% identical to the CARD domain of SEQ ID NO:2 (e.g., about amino acid residues 432 to 540 of SEQ ID NO:2; SEQ ID NO:6); an isolated CARD-4L protein having an amino acid sequence that is at least about 65%, preferably 75%, 85%, 95%, or 98% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:8; an isolated CARD-4L protein having an amino acid sequence that is at least about 85%, 95%, or 98% identical to the CARD domain of SEQ ID NO:8 (e.g., about amino acid residues 15 to 114 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:10); an isolated CARD-4L protein having an amino acid sequence that is at least about 85%, 95%, or 98% identical to the nucleotide binding domain of SEQ ID NO:8 (e.g., about amino acid residues 198 to 397 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:11; an isolated CARD-4L protein having an amino acid sequence that is at least about 85%, 95%, or 98% identical to the kinase la (P-loop) subdomain SEQ ID NO:8 (e.g., about amino acid 127 to about amino acid 212 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:46); an isolated CARD-4L protein having an amino acid sequence that is at least about 85%, 95%, or 98% identical to the kinase 2 subdomain of SEQ ID NO:8 (e.g., about amino acid 273 to about amino acid 288 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:47); an isolated CARD-4L protein having an amino acid sequence that is at least about 85%, 95%, or 98% identical to a kinase 3a subdomain of SEQ ID NO:8 (e.g., about amino acid residues 327 to 338 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:14); an isolated CARD-4L protein having an amino acid sequence that is at least about 85%, 95%, or 98% identical to the Leucine-rich repeats of SEQ ID NO:8 (e.g., about amino acid residues 674 to 701 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:15; from amino acid 702 to amino acid 727 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:16; which extends from amino acid 728 to amino acid 754 SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:17; from amino acid 755 to amino acid 782 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:18; from amino acid 783 to amino acid 810 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:19; from amino acid 811 to amino acid 838 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:20 from amino acid 839 to amino acid 866 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:21; from amino acid 867 to amino acid 894 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:22; from amino acid 895 to amino acid 922 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:23; and from amino acid 923 to amino acid 950 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:24); an isolated CARD-4S protein having an amino acid sequence that is at least about 65%, preferably 75%, 85%, 95%, or 98% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:26; an isolated CARD-4S protein having an amino acid sequence that is at least about 85%, 95%, or 98% identical to the CARD domain of SEQ ID NO:26 (e.g., about amino acid residues 1 to 74 of SEQ ID NO:26; SEQ ID NO:28). Also within the invention are: an isolated murine CARD-4L protein having an amino acid sequence that is at least about 65%, preferably 75%, 85%, 95%, or 98% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:43. Also within the invention arean isolated CARD-4Y protein having an amino acid sequence that is at least about 65%, preferably 75%, 85%, 95%, or 98% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:39. Also within the invention are: an isolated CARD-4Z protein having an amino acid sequence that is at least about 65%, preferably 75%, 85%, 95%, or 98% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:41.

[0048] Also within the invention are: an isolated CARD-5 protein having an amino acid sequence that is at least about 65%, preferably 75%, 85%, 95%, or 98% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:49 and an isolated CARD-S-protein comprising an amino acid sequence that is at least-about 90%, 95%, or 98% identical to SEQ ID NO:58 (CARD domain).

[0049] Also within the invention are an isolated CARD-5 protein having an amino acid sequence that is at least about 65%, preferably 75%, 85%, 95%, or 98% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:60 and an isolated CARD-5 protein comprising an amino acid sequence that is at least about 90%, 95%, or 98% identical to SEQ ID NO:57 (CARD domain).

[0050] The invention also includes: an isolated CARD-6 protein having an amino acid sequence that is at least about 65%, preferably 75%, 85%, 95%, or 98% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:52 and an isolated CARD-6 protein having an amino acid sequence that is at least about 90%, 95%, or 98% identical to SEQ ID NO:59 (CARD domain).

[0051] The invention also includes: an isolated CARD-6 protein having an amino acid sequence that is at least about 65%, preferably 75%, 85%, 95%, or 98% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:55 and an isolated CARD-6 protein having an amino acid sequence that is at least about 90%, 95%, or 98% identical to SEQ ID NO:64 (CARD domain).

[0052] Also within the invention are: an isolated CARD-3 protein which is encoded by a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleotide sequence that is at least about 65%, preferably 75%, 85%, or 95% identical to SEQ ID NO:3 or the cDNA of ATCC 203037; an isolated CARD-3 protein which is encoded by a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleotide sequence at least about 65% preferably 75%, 85%, or 95% identical to the kinase domain encoding portion of SEQ ID NO:1 (e.g., about nucleotides 213 to 1113 of SEQ ID NO:1); an isolated CARD-3 protein which is encoded by a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleotide sequence at least about 65% preferably 75%, 85%, or 95% identical the linker domain encoding portion of SEQ ID NO:1 (e.g., about nucleotides 1114 to 1506 of SEQ ID NO:1); and an isolated CARD-3 protein which is encoded by a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleotide sequence at least about 65% preferably 75%, 85%, or 95% identical the CARD domain encoding portion of SEQ ID NO:1 (e.g., about nucleotides 1507 to 1833 of SEQ ID NO:1); and an isolated CARD-3 protein which is encoded by a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleotide sequence which hybridizes under stringent hybridization conditions to a nucleic acid molecule having the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO:3 or the non-coding strand of the cDNA of ATCC 203037. Also within the invention are: an isolated CARD-4Y protein which is encoded by a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleotide sequence that is at least about 65%, preferably 75%, 85%, or 95% identical to SEQ ID NO:38. Also within the invention are nucleic acid molecules which include about nucleotides 2759 to 2842 of SEQ ID NO:7; about nucleotides 2843 to 2926 of SEQ ID NO:7; about nucleotides 2927 to 3010 of SEQ ID NO:7; about nucleotides 3011 to 3094 of SEQ ID NO:7; and an isolated CARD-4L protein which is encoded by a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleotide sequence which hybridizes under stringent hybridization conditions to a nucleic acid molecule having the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO:9, or the non-coding strand of the cDNA of ATCC 203035.

[0053] Also within the invention are an isolated CARD-4S protein which is encoded by a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleotide sequence that is at least about 65%, preferably 75%, 85%, or 95% identical to SEQ ID NO:27; an isolated CARD-3 protein which is encoded by a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleotide sequence at least about 65% preferably 75%, 85%, or 95% identical the CARD domain encoding portion of SEQ ID NO:25 (e.g., about nucleotides 1 to 222 of SEQ ID NO:25); an isolated CARD-3 protein which is encoded by a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleotide sequence at least about 65% preferably 75%, 85%, or 95% identical the P-Loop encoding portion of SEQ ID NO:25 (e.g., about nucleotides 485 to 510 of SEQ ID NO:25).

[0054] Also within the invention are an isolated CARD-5 protein which is encoded by a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleotide sequence that is at least about 65%, preferably 75%, 85%, or 95% identical to SEQ ID NO:48 or the cDNA of ATCC PTA-213; an isolated CARD-5 protein which is encoded by a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleotide sequence at least about 90% preferably 95%, or 98% identical to the CARD encoding portion of SEQ ID NO:48 (e.g., about nucleotides 383 to 596 of SEQ ID NO:48); and an isolated CARD-5 protein which is encoded by a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleotide sequence which hybridizes under stringent hybridization conditions to a nucleic acid molecule having the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO:48 or the non-coding strand of the cDNA of ATCC PTA-213.

[0055] Also within the invention are an isolated CARD-5 protein which is encoded by a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleotide sequence that is at least about 65%, preferably 75%, 85%, or 95% identical to SEQ ID NO:60; an isolated CARD-5 protein which is encoded by a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleotide sequence at least about 90% preferably 95%, or 98% identical to the CARD encoding portion of SEQ ID NO:60 (e.g., about nucleotides 416 to 625 of SEQ ID NO:60); and an isolated CARD-5 protein which is encoded by a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleotide sequence which hybridizes under stringent hybridization conditions to a nucleic acid molecule having the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO:60.

[0056] Also within the invention are an isolated CARD-6 protein which is encoded by a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleotide sequence that is at least about 65%, preferably 75%, 85%, or 95% identical to SEQ ID NO:51; an isolated CARD-6 protein which is encoded by a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleotide sequence at least about 90% preferably 95%, or 98% identical to the CARD encoding portion of SEQ ID NO:51 (e.g., about nucleotides 169 to 456 of SEQ ID NO:51); and an isolated CARD-6 protein which is encoded by a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleotide sequence which hybridizes under stringent hybridization conditions to a nucleic acid molecule having the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO:51.

[0057] Also within the invention are an isolated CARD-6 protein which is encoded by a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleotide sequence that is at least about 65%, preferably 75%, 85%, or 95% identical to SEQ ID NO:54; an isolated CARD-6 protein which is encoded by a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleotide sequence at least about 90% preferably 95%, or 98% identical to the CARD encoding portion of SEQ ID NO:54; and an isolated CARD-6 protein which is encoded by a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleotide sequence which hybridizes under stringent hybridization conditions to a nucleic acid molecule having the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO:54.

[0058] Another embodiment of the invention features CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 nucleic acid molecules which specifically detect CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 nucleic acid molecules, relative to nucleic acid molecules encoding other members of the CARD superfamily. For example, in one embodiment, a CARD-4L nucleic acid molecule hybridizes under stringent conditions to a nucleic acid molecule comprising the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO:7, SEQ ID NO:9, or the cDNA of ATCC 203035, or a complement thereof. In another embodiment, the CARD-4L nucleic acid molecule is at least 300 (350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 1300, 1600, 1900, 2100, 2400, 2700, 3000, or 3382) nucleotides in length and hybridizes under stringent conditions to a nucleic acid molecule comprising the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:7, SEQ ID NO:9, the cDNA of ATCC 203035, or a complement thereof. In another embodiment, an isolated CARD-4L nucleic acid molecule comprises nucleotides 287 to 586 of SEQ ID NO:7, encoding the CARD domain of CARD-4L, or a complement thereof. In yet another embodiment, the invention provides an isolated nucleic acid molecule which is antisense to the coding strand of a CARD-4L nucleic acid.

[0059] In another embodiment, a CARD-5 nucleic acid molecule hybridizes under stringent conditions to a nucleic acid molecule comprising the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO:48, SEQ ID NO:50, or the cDNA of ATCC PTA-213, or a complement thereof. In another embodiment, the CARD-5 nucleic acid molecule is at least 300 (350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 585, 600, 650, 700, or 740) nucleotides in length and hybridizes under stringent conditions to a nucleic acid molecule comprising the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:48, SEQ ID NO:50, the cDNA of ATCC PTA-213, or a complement thereof. In another embodiment, an isolated CARD-5 nucleic acid molecule comprises nucleotides 383 to 596 of SEQ ID NO:48, encoding the CARD of CARD-5. In yet another embodiment, the invention provides an isolated nucleic acid molecule which is antisense to the coding strand of a CARD-5 nucleic acid.

[0060] Another aspect of the invention provides a vector, e.g., a recombinant expression vector, comprising a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 nucleic acid molecule of the invention. In another embodiment the invention provides a host cell containing such a vector. The invention also provides a method for producing CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein by culturing, in a suitable medium, a host cell of the invention containing a recombinant expression vector such that a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein is produced.

[0061] Another aspect of this invention features isolated or recombinant CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 proteins and polypeptides. Preferred CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 proteins and polypeptides possess at least one biological activity possessed by naturally occurring human CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6, e.g., (1) the ability to form protein:protein interactions with proteins in the apoptotic signalling pathway; (2) the ability to form CARD-CARD interactions with proteins in the apoptotic signaling pathway; (3) the ability to bind a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 ligand; and (4) the ability to bind to an intracellular target. Other activities include: (1) modulation of cellular proliferation; (2) modulation of cellular differentiation; (3) modulation of cellular death; and (4) modulation of the NF-κB pathway.

[0062] The CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 proteins of the present invention, or biologically active portions thereof, can be operatively linked to a non-CARD-3, non-CARD-4, non-CARD-5, or non-CARD-6 polypeptide (e.g., heterologous amino acid sequences) to form CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 fusion proteins, respectively. The invention further features antibodies that specifically bind CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 proteins, such as monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies. In addition, the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 proteins or biologically active portions thereof can be incorporated into pharmaceutical compositions, which optionally include pharmaceutically acceptable carriers.

[0063] In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for detecting the presence of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 activity or expression in a biological sample by contacting the biological sample with an agent capable of detecting an indicator of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 activity such that the presence of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 activity is detected in the biological sample.

[0064] In another aspect, the invention provides a method for modulating CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 activity comprising contacting a cell with an agent that modulates (inhibits or stimulates) CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 activity or expression such that CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 activity or expression in the cell is modulated. In one embodiment, the agent is an antibody that specifically binds to CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein. In another embodiment, the agent modulates expression of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 by modulating transcription of a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene, splicing of a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 mRNA, or translation of a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 mRNA. In yet another embodiment, the agent is a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleotide sequence that is antisense to the coding strand of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 mRNA or the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene.

[0065] In one embodiment, the methods of the present invention are used to treat a subject having a disorder characterized by aberrant CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein or nucleic acid expression or activity or related to CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 expression or activity by administering an agent which is a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 modulator to the subject. In one embodiment, the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 modulator is a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein. In another embodiment the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 modulator is a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 nucleic acid molecule. In other embodiments, the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 modulator is a peptide, peptidomimetic, or other small molecule.

[0066] The present invention also provides a diagnostic assay for identifying the presence or absence of a genetic lesion or mutation characterized by at least one of: (i) aberrant modification or mutation of a gene encoding a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein; (ii) mis-regulation of a gene encoding a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein; (iii) aberrant RNA splicing; and (iv) aberrant post-translational modification of a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein, wherein a wild-type form of the gene encodes a protein with a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 activity.

[0067] In another aspect, the invention provides a method for identifying a compound that binds to or modulates the activity of a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein. In general, such methods entail measuring a biological activity of a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein in the presence and absence of a test compound and identifying those compounds which alter the activity of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein.

[0068] The invention also features methods for identifying a compound which modulates the expression of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 by measuring the expression of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 in the presence and absence of a compound.

[0069] Other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following detailed description and claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0070]FIG. 1 depicts the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO:1) of human CARD-3. The open reading frame of CARD-3 (SEQ ID NO:1) extends from nucleotide 213 to nucleotide 1833 nucleotide (SEQ ID NO:3).

[0071]FIG. 2 depicts the predicted amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO:2) of human CARD-3.

[0072]FIG. 3 depicts the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO:7) of CARD-4L. The open reading frame of SEQ ID NO:7 extends from nucleotide 245 to nucleotide 3103 (SEQ ID NO:9).

[0073]FIG. 4 depicts the predicted amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO:8) of human CARD-4L.

[0074]FIG. 5 depicts the partial cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO:25) of CARD-4S and the predicted amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO:25) of human CARD-4S. The open reading frame of CARD-4 (SEQ ID NO:25) extends from nucleotide 1 to nucleotide 1470 (SEQ ID NO:27).

[0075]FIG. 6 depicts the predicted amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO:26) of human CARD-4S.

[0076]FIG. 7 depicts an alignment of the CARD domains of CARD-4 (SEQ ID NO:10), CARD-3 (SEQ ID NO:6), ARC-CARD (SEQ ID NO:31), cIAP1-CARD (SEQ ID NO:32), and cIAP2-CARD (SEQ ID NO:33).

[0077]FIG. 8 is a plot showing predicted structural features of human CARD-4L.

[0078]FIG. 9 is a plot showing predicted structural features of human CARD-4S.

[0079]FIG. 10 depicts the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO:38) of the human CARD-4Y splice variant clone. The predicted open reading frame of the human CARD-4Y splice variant clone extends from nucleotide 438 to nucleotide 1184.

[0080]FIG. 11 depicts the amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO:39) of the protein predicted to be encoded by the human CARD-4Y cDNA open reading frame.

[0081]FIG. 12 depicts the cDNA sequence (SEQ ID NO:40) of the human CARD-4Z splice variant clone. The predicted open reading frame of the human CARD-4Z splice variant clone extends from nucleotide 489 to nucleotide 980.

[0082]FIG. 13 depicts the amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO:41) of the protein predicted to be encoded by the human CARD-4Z cDNA open reading frame.

[0083]FIG. 14 depicts an alignment of human CARD-4L (SEQ ID NO:8), the predicted amino acid sequence of human CARD-4Y (SEQ ID NO:39), and the predicted amino acid sequence of human CARD-4Z (SEQ ID NO:41).

[0084]FIG. 15 depicts the nucleotide sequence of the murine CARD-4L cDNA (SEQ ID NO:42).

[0085]FIG. 16 depicts the predicted amino acid sequence of murine CARD-4L (SEQ ID NO:43).

[0086]FIG. 17 depicts an alignment of human CARD-4L (SEQ ID NO:8) and the predicted amino acid sequence of murine CARD-4L (SEQ ID NO:43).

[0087]FIG. 18 depicts a 32042 nucleotide genomic sequence of CARD-4.

[0088]FIG. 19 depicts the nucleotide sequence of a murine CARD-5 cDNA (SEQ ID NO:60). The open reading frame of this cDNA extends from nucleotide 89 to nucleotide 667 of SEQ ID NO:60 (SEQ ID NO:62) and encodes a 193 amino acid protein (SEQ ID NO:61).

[0089]FIG. 20 depicts a hydropathy plot of murine CARD-5. Relatively hydrophobic residues are above the dashed horizontal line, and relatively hydrophilic residues are below the dashed horizontal line. The cysteine residues (cys) and potential N-glycosylation sites (Ngly) are indicated by short vertical lines just below the hydropathy trace.

[0090]FIG. 21 depicts the nucleotide sequence of a human CARD-5 cDNA (SEQ ID NO:48). The open reading frame of this cDNA extends from nucleotide 53 to nucleotide 638 of-SEQ ID NO:48 (SEQ ID NO:50) and encodes a 195 amino acid protein SEQ ID NO:49).

[0091]FIG. 22 depicts a hydropathy plot of human CARD-5. Relatively hydrophobic residues are above the dashed horizontal line, and relatively hydrophilic residues are below the dashed horizontal line. The cysteine residues (cys) and potential N-glycosylation sites (Ngly) are indicated by short vertical lines just below the hydropathy trace.

[0092]FIG. 23 depicts an alignment of the cDNA sequences of murine CARD-5 (SEQ ID NO:60) and human CARD-5 (SEQ ID NO:48). This alignment was created using ALIGN (version 2.0; PAM120 scoring matrix; −12/−4 gap penalty). In this alignment the sequences are 68.2% identical.

[0093]FIG. 24 depicts an alignment of the amino acid sequences of murine CARD-5 (SEQ ID NO:61) and human CARD-5 (SEQ ID NO:49). This alignment was created using ALIGN (version 2.0; PAM120 scoring matrix; −12/−4 gap penalty). In this alignment the sequences are 71.8% identical.

[0094]FIG. 25 depicts the nucleotide sequence of a rat CARD-6 cDNA (SEQ ID NO:51). The open reading frame of this cDNA extends from nucleotide 169 to nucleotide 2883 of SEQ ID NO:51 (SEQ ID NO:53) and encodes a 505 amino acid protein (SEQ ID NO:52).

[0095]FIG. 26 depicts a hydropathy plot of rat CARD-6. Relatively hydrophobic residues are above the dashed horizontal line, and relatively hydrophilic residues are below the dashed horizontal line. The cysteine residues (cys) and potential N-glycosylation sites (Ngly) are indicated by short vertical lines just below the hydropathy trace.

[0096]FIG. 27 depicts an alignment of the CARD domains of murine CARD-5 (SEQ ID NO:57), human CARD-5 (SEQ ID NO:58), and RAIDD (SEQ ID NO:61).

[0097]FIG. 28 depicts the nucleotide sequence of a human CARD-6 cDNA (SEQ ID NO:54). The open reading frame of this cDNA extends from nucleotide 200 to 3310 of SEQ ID NO:54 (SEQ ID NO:56) and encodes a 1037 amino acid protein (SEQ ID NO:55).

[0098]FIG. 29 depicts a hydropathy plot of human CARD-6. Relatively hydrophobic residues are above the dashed horizontal line, and relatively hydrophilic residues are below the dashed horizontal line.

[0099]FIG. 30 depicts an alignment of the CARD domain of human CARD-6 (SEQ ID NO:64) with a consensus CARD domain (SEQ ID NO:67). In this depiction of the consensus sequence, more conserved residues are indicated by uppercase letters and less conserved residues are indicated by lowercase letters.

[0100]FIG. 31 depicts an alignment of the CARD domains of human CARD-3, human CARD-4, human CARD-5, murine CARD-5, human CARD-6, and rat CARD-6. This alignment was created using the Clustal method with PAM250 residue weight table. A consensus sequence is also depicted (SEQ ID NO: ______ ).

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0101] The present invention is based, in part, on the discovery of cDNA molecules encoding human CARD-3, human CARD-4, partial murine CARD-4L, murine CARD-5, human CARD-5, rat CARD-6, and human CARD-6 proteins. TABLE 1 Summary of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, and CARD-6 Sequence Information. Accession Gene cDNA Protein ORF Figure Number human SEQ ID SEQ ID SEQ ID FIGS. 203037 CARD-3 NO: 1 NO: 2 NO: 3  1-2 human SEQ ID SEQ ID SEQ ID FIGS. 203035 CARD-4L NO: 7 NO: 8 NO: 9  3-4 human SEQ ID SEQ ID SEQ ID FIGS. 203036 CARD-4S NO: 25 NO: 26 NO: 27  5-6 human SEQ ID SEQ ID FIGS. CARD-4Y NO: 38 NO: 39 10-11 human SEQ ID SEQ ID FIGS. CARD-4Z NO: 40 NO: 41 12-13 murine SEQ ID SEQ ID FIGS. CARD-4L NO: 42 NO: 43 15-16 human SEQ ID SEQ ID SEQ ID PTA-213 CARD-5 NO: 48 NO: 49 NO: 50 murine SEQ ID SEQ ID SEQ ID PTA-212 CARD-5 NO: 60 NO: 61 NO: 62 human SEQ ID SEQ ID SEQ ID PTA-213 CARD-6 NO: 54 NO: 55 NO: 56 rat SEQ ID SEQ ID SEQ ID PTA-211 CARD-6 NO: 51 NO: 52 NO: 53

[0102] A nucleotide sequence encoding a human CARD-3 protein is shown in FIG. 1 (SEQ ID NO:1; SEQ ID NO:3 includes the open reading frame only). A predicted amino acid sequence of CARD-3 protein is also shown in FIG. 2 (SEQ ID NO:2).

[0103] CARD-4 has at least two forms, a long form, CARD-4L, and a short form, CARD-4S, as well as two or more splice variants. A nucleotide sequence encoding a human CARD-4L protein is shown in FIG. 3 (SEQ ID NO:7; SEQ ID NO:9 includes the open reading frame only). A predicted amino acid sequence of CARD-4L protein is also shown in FIG. 4 (SEQ ID NO:8). A nucleotide sequence encoding a human CARD-4S protein is shown in FIG. 5 (SEQ ID NO:25; SEQ ID NO:27 includes the open reading frame only). A predicted amino acid sequence of CARD-4S protein is shown in FIG. 6 (SEQ ID NO:26). Two additional splice variants of human CARD-4 are provided in FIGS. 10 and 11 (human CARD-4Y) and FIGS. 12 and 13 (human CARD-4Z) (predicted amino acid sequences: SEQ ID NO:39 and SEQ ID NO:41 and nucleic acid sequences: SEQ ID NO:38 and SEQ ID NO:40). These two splice variants are predicted to contain 249 and 164 amino acids, respectively. An alignment of human CARD-4Y, human CARD-4Z and human CARD-4L is shown in FIG. 14.

[0104] In addition to the human CARD-4 proteins, a full length nucleotide sequence of the murine ortholog of human CARD-4L is provided in FIG. 15 (SEQ ID NO:42). An alignment of murine CARD-4L with human CARD-4L is shown in FIG. 17.

[0105] A nucleotide sequence encoding a murine CARD-5 protein is shown in FIG. 19 (SEQ ID NO:60; SEQ ID NO:62 includes the open reading frame only). A predicted amino acid sequence of murine CARD-5 protein is also shown in FIG. 19 (SEQ ID NO:61).

[0106] A nucleotide sequence encoding a human CARD-5 protein is shown in FIG. 21 (SEQ ID NO:48; SEQ ID NO:50 includes the open reading frame only). A predicted amino acid sequence of human CARD-5 protein is also shown in FIG. 21 (SEQ ID NO:49).

[0107] A nucleotide sequence encoding a rat CARD-6 protein is shown in FIG. 25 (SEQ ID NO:51; SEQ ID NO:53 includes the open reading frame only). A predicted amino acid sequence of rat CARD-6 protein is also shown in FIG. 25 (SEQ ID NO:52).

[0108] The human CARD-3 cDNA of FIG. 1 (SEQ ID NO:1), which is approximately 1931 nucleotides long including untranslated regions, encodes a protein having a molecular weight of approximately 61 kDa (excluding post-translational modifications).

[0109] A plasmid containing a cDNA encoding human CARD-3 (pXE17A) was deposited with the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), Manasass, Va. on May 14, 1998, and assigned Accession Number 203037. This deposit will be maintained under the terms of the Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure. This deposit was made merely as a convenience for those of skill in the art and is not an admission that a deposit is required under 35 U.S.C. §112.

[0110] The human CARD-4L cDNA of FIG. 3 (SEQ ID NO:7), which is approximately 3382 nucleotides long including untranslated regions, encodes a protein having a molecular weight of approximately 108 kDa (excluding post-translational modifications).

[0111] A plasmid containing a cDNA encoding human CARD-4L (pC4L1) was deposited with the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), Manasass, Va. on Jul. 7, 1998, and assigned Accession Number 203035. This deposit will be maintained under the terms of the Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure. This deposit was made merely as a convenience for those of skill in the art and is not an admission that a deposit is required under 35 U.S.C. §112.

[0112] The human CARD-4S cDNA of FIG. 5 (SEQ ID NO:25), which is 3082 nucleotides long including untranslated regions.

[0113] A plasmid containing a cDNA encoding human CARD-4S (pDB33E) was deposited with the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), Manasass, Va. on May 14, 1998, and assigned Accession Number 203036. This deposit will be maintained under the terms of the Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure. This deposit was made merely as a convenience for those of skill in the art and is not an admission that a deposit is required under 35 U.S.C. §112.

[0114] The human CARD-5 cDNA of FIG. 21 (SEQ ID NO:48), which is approximately 740 nucleotides long including untranslated regions, encodes a protein having a molecular weight of approximately 21.6 kD.

[0115] A plasmid containing a cDNA encoding human CARD-5 (EpHC5) was deposited with the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), Manasass, Va. on Jun. 11, 1999, and assigned Accession Number PTA-213. This deposit will be maintained under the terms of the Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure. This deposit was made merely as a convenience for those of skill in the art and is not an admission that a deposit is required under 35 U.S.C. §112.

[0116] The murine CARD-5 cDNA of FIG. 19 (SEQ ID-NO:60), which is approximately 778 nucleotides long, including untranslated regions, encodes a protein having a molecular weight of approximately 21.5 kD.

[0117] A plasmid containing a cDNA encoding murine CARD-5 (EpMC5) was deposited with the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), Manassas, Va. on Jun. 11, 1999, and assigned Accession Number PTA-212. This deposit will be maintained under the terms of the Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure. This deposit was made merely as a convenience for those of skill in the art and is not an admission that a deposit is required under 35 U.S.C. §112.

[0118] The human CARD-6 cDNA of FIG. 28 (SEQ ID NO:54), which is approximately 4244 nucleotides long encodes a protein having a molecular weight of approximately 116.5 kD (excluding post-translational modifications).

[0119] A plasmid containing a cDNA encoding an amino terminal portion of human CARD-6 (EpHC6e), a plasmid encoding a carboxy terminal portion of human CARD-6 (EpHC6c), and a plasmid containing cDNA encoding human CARD-6 (EpHC6) were deposited with the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), Manasass, Va. on Jun. 11, 1999, and assigned Accession Number PTA-213. This deposit will be maintained under the terms of the Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure. This deposit was made merely as a convenience for those of skill in the art and is not an admission that a deposit is required under 35 U.S.C. §112.

[0120] The rat CARD-6 cDNA of FIG. 25 (SEQ ID NO:51), which is approximately 5252 nucleotides long including untranslated regions, encodes a protein having a molecular weight of approximately 100.7 kD.

[0121] A plasmid containing a cDNA encoding rat CARD-6 (EpMR5) was deposited with the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), Manassas, Va. on Jun. 10, 1999, and assigned Accession Number PTA-211. This deposit will be maintained under the terms of the Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure. This deposit was made merely as a convenience for those of skill in the art and is not an admission that a deposit is required under 35 U.S.C. §112.

[0122] A region of human CARD-4L protein (SEQ ID NO:8), the CARD domain (SEQ ID NO:10), bears some similarity to a CARD domain of CARD-3 (SEQ ID NO:6), ARC-CARD (SEQ ID NO:31), cIAP1-CARD (SEQ ID NO:32), and cIAP2-CARD (SEQ ID NO:33). This comparison is depicted in FIG. 7.

[0123] A region, the CARD domain (SEQ ID NO:58), of human CARD-5 protein (SEQ ID NO:48) and a region, the CARD domain (SEQ ID NO:57), of murine CARD-5 protein (SEQ ID NO:61) bear some similarity to the CARD of RAIDD (SEQ ID NO:70). This comparison is depicted in FIG. 27.

[0124] Each of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, and CARD-6 are members of a family of molecules (the “CARD-3 family”, the “CARD-4 family”, the “CARD-5 family”, and the “CARD-6 family” respectively) having certain conserved structural and functional features. The term “family” when referring to the protein and nucleic acid molecules of the invention is intended to mean two or more proteins or nucleic acid molecules having a common structural domain and having sufficient amino acid or nucleotide sequence identity as defined herein. Such family members can be naturally occurring and can be from either the same or different species. For example, a family can contain a first protein of human origin and a homologue of that protein of murine origin, as well as a second, distinct protein of human origin and a murine homologue of that protein. Members of a family may also have common functional characteristics.

[0125] In one embodiment, a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein includes a CARD domain having at least about 65%, preferably at least about 75%, and more preferably about 85%, 95%, or 98% amino acid sequence identity to the CARD domain of SEQ ID NO:6 or the CARD domain of SEQ ID NO:10 or the CARD domain of SEQ ID NO:28, the CARD domain of SEQ ID NO:57, the CARD domain of SEQ ID NO:58, the CARD doamin of SEQ ID NO:59, or the CARD domain of SEQ ID NO:64.

[0126] Preferred CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 polypeptides of the present invention have an amino acid sequence sufficiently identical to the CARD domain amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:6, SEQ ID NO:10, SEQ ID NO:57, SEQ ID NO:58, SEQ ID NO:59, and SEQ ID NO:64, respectively.

[0127] The CARD-3 polypeptide also has an amino acid sequence sufficiently identical to the kinase domain sequence of SEQ ID NO:4, and an amino acid sequence that is sufficiently identical to the linker domain of SEQ ID NO:5. The CARD-4L polypeptide has an amino acid sequence sufficiently identical to the nucleotide binding domain of SEQ ID NO:11, an amino acid sequence sufficiently identical to the Walker Box “A” of SEQ ID NO:12 or Walker Box “B” of SEQ ID NO:13, an amino acid sequence sufficiently identical to the kinase la subdomain of SEQ ID NO:46, an amino acid sequence sufficiently identical to the kinase 2 subdomain of SEQ ID NO:47, or an amino acid sequence sufficiently identical to the kinase 3a subdomain of SEQ ID NO:14, or an amino acid sequence sufficiently identical to the Leucine-rich repeats of SEQ ID NO:15, SEQ ID NO:16, SEQ ID NO:17, SEQ ID NO:18, SEQ ID NO:19, SEQ ID NO:20, SEQ ID NO:21, SEQ ID NO:22, SEQ ID NO:23, and SEQ ID NO:24.

[0128] As used herein, the term “sufficiently identical” refers to a first amino acid or nucleotide sequence which contains a sufficient or minimum number of identical or equivalent (e.g., an amino acid residue which has a similar side chain) amino acid residues or nucleotides to a second amino acid or nucleotide sequence such that the first and second amino acid or nucleotide sequences have a common structural domain and/or common functional activity. For example, amino acid or nucleotide sequences which contain a common structural domain having about 65% identity, preferably 75% identity, more preferably 85%, 95%, or 98% identity are defined herein as sufficiently identical.

[0129] As used interchangeably herein a “CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 activity”, “biological activity of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6” or “functional activity of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6”, refers to an activity exerted by a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein, polypeptide or nucleic acid molecule on a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 responsive cell as determined in vivo, or in vitro, according to standard techniques. A CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 activity can be a direct activity, such as an association with or an enzymatic activity on a second protein or an indirect activity, such as a cellular signaling activity mediated by interaction of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein with a second protein. In one embodiment, a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 activity includes at least one or more of the following activities: (i) the ability to interact with proteins in an apoptotic signalling pathway (ii) the ability to interact with a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 ligand; or (iii) the ability to interact with an intracellular target protein; (iv) the ability to interact, directly or indirectly with one or more with caspases; (v) the ability to modulate the activity of a caspase, e.g., caspase-9; (vi) the ability to modulate the activity of NF-κB; (vii) the ability to modulate Apaf-1; (viii) the ability to modulate a Bcl-2 family member; (ix) the ability to modulate a neurotropin receptor, e.g., P75^(NTR); (x) the ability to modulate the activity of a stress activated kinase (e.g., JNK/p38); and (xi) the ability to modulate phosphorylation of CHOP (GADD 153). For example, in Example 4, CARD-3-containing proteins were shown to associate with CARD-4-containing proteins. In example 9, CARD-4 proteins were shown to induce NF-κB-mediated transcription. In example 10, CARD-3 and CARD-4 were shown to enhance caspase-9 activity.

[0130] CARD-4 and CARD-6 have Apaf-1-like sequences and may bind to one or more members of the Bcl-2 family (e.g., Bcl-2, Boo, or Diva). CARD-3 and CARD-5 may also bind to one or more members fo the Bcl-2 family. CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, and CARD-6 may modulate apoptosis by influencing the activity of a Bcl-2 family member, which modulation, in turn, modulates activity of Apaf-1 or other factors. CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, and CARD-6 nucleic acid and polypetpides as well as modulators of activity of expression of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 can be used to modulate an Apaf-1 signalling pathway.

[0131] CARD-3 and CARD-4 may bind to a neurotrophin receptor (e.g., p75^(NTR)). CARD-3 and CARD-4 may modulate the activity of a neurotrophin receptor and thus modulate apoptosis of neuronal cells. Accordingly, CARD-3 and CARD-4 nucleic acids and polypeptides as well as modulators of CARD-3 or CARD-4 activity or expression can be used to modulate apoptosis of neurons (e.g., for treatment of neurological disorders, particularly neurodegenerative disorders).

[0132] Accordingly, another embodiment of the invention features isolated CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 proteins and polypeptides having a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 activity.

[0133] Various aspects of the invention are described in further detail in the following subsections.

[0134] I. Isolated Nucleic Acid Molecules

[0135] One aspect of the invention pertains to isolated nucleic acid molecules that encode CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 proteins or biologically active portions thereof, as well as nucleic acid molecules sufficient for use as hybridization probes to identify CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6-encoding nucleic acids (e.g., CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 mRNA) and fragments for use as PCR primers for the amplification or mutation of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 nucleic acid molecules. As used herein, the term “nucleic acid molecule” is intended to include DNA molecules (e.g., cDNA or genomic DNA) and RNA molecules (e.g., mRNA) and analogs of the DNA or RNA generated using nucleotide analogs. The nucleic acid molecule can be single-stranded or double-stranded, but preferably is double-stranded DNA.

[0136] An “isolated” nucleic acid molecule is one which is separated from other nucleic acid molecules which are present in the natural source of the nucleic acid. Preferably, an “isolated” nucleic acid is free of sequences (preferably protein encoding sequences) which naturally flank the nucleic acid (i.e., sequences located at the 5′ and 3′ ends of the nucleic acid) in the genomic DNA of the organism from which the nucleic acid is derived. For example, in various embodiments, the isolated CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 nucleic acid molecule can contain less than about 5 kb, 4 kb, 3 kb, 2 kb, 1 kb, 0.5 kb or 0.1 kb of nucleotide sequences which naturally flank the nucleic acid molecule in genomic DNA of the cell from which the nucleic acid is derived. Moreover, an “isolated” nucleic acid molecule, such as a cDNA molecule, can be substantially free of other cellular material, or culture medium when produced by recombinant techniques, or substantially free of chemical precursors or other chemicals when chemically synthesized.

[0137] A nucleic acid molecule of the present invention, e.g., a nucleic acid molecule having the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:3, SEQ ID NO:7, SEQ ID NO:9, SEQ ID:25, SEQ ID NO:27, SEQ ID NO:38, SEQ ID NO:40, SEQ ID NO:42, SEQ ID NO:48, SEQ ID NO:50, SEQ ID NO:51, SEQ ID NO:53, SEQ ID NO:54, SEQ ID NO:56, SEQ ID NO:60, SEQ ID NO:62, the cDNA of ATCC 203037, the cDNA of ATCC 203035, the cDNA of ATCC 203036, the cDNA of ATCC PTA-211, the cDNA of ATCC PTA-212, or the cDNA of ATCC PTA-213, or a complement of any of these nucleotide sequences, can be isolated using standard molecular biology techniques and the sequence information provided herein. Using all or portion of the nucleic acid sequences of SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:3, SEQ ID NO:7, SEQ ID NO:9, SEQ ID:25, SEQ ID NO:27, SEQ ID NO:38, SEQ ID NO:40, SEQ ID NO:42, SEQ ID NO:48, SEQ ID NO:50, SEQ ID NO:51, SEQ ID NO:53, SEQ ID NO:54, SEQ ID NO:56, SEQ ID NO:60, SEQ ID NO:62, the cDNA of ATCC 203037 the cDNA of ATCC 203035, the cDNA of ATCC 203036, the cDNA of ATCC PTA-211, the cDNA of ATCC PTA-212, or the cDNA of PTA-213, as a hybridization probe, CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 nucleic acid molecules can be isolated using standard hybridization and cloning techniques (e.g., as described in Sambrook et al., eds., Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual. 2nd, ed., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y., 1989).

[0138] A nucleic acid of the invention can be amplified using cDNA, mRNA or genomic DNA as a template and appropriate oligonucleotide primers according to standard PCR amplification techniques. The nucleic acid so amplified can be cloned into an appropriate vector and characterized by DNA sequence analysis. Furthermore, oligonucleotides corresponding to CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 nucleotide sequences can be prepared by standard synthetic techniques, e.g., using an automated DNA synthesizer.

[0139] In another embodiment, an isolated nucleic acid molecule of the invention comprises a nucleic acid molecule which is a complement of the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:3, SEQ ID NO:7, SEQ ID NO:9, SEQ ID:25, SEQ ID NO:27, SEQ ID NO:38, SEQ ID NO:40, SEQ ID NO:42, SEQ ID NO:48, SEQ ID NO:50, SEQ ID NO:51, SEQ ID NO:53, SEQ ID NO:54, SEQ ID NO:56, SEQ ID NO:60, SEQ ID NO:62, the cDNA of ATCC 203037, the cDNA of ATCC 203035, or the cDNA of ATCC 203036, or the cDNA of ATCC PTA-211, the cDNA of PTA-212, or the cDNA of PTA-213, or a portion thereof. A nucleic acid molecule which is complementary to a given nucleotide sequence is one which is sufficiently complementary to the given nucleotide sequence that it can hybridize to the given nucleotide sequence thereby forming a stable duplex.

[0140] Moreover, the nucleic acid molecule of the invention can comprise only a portion of a nucleic acid sequence encoding CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6, for example, a fragment which can be used as a probe or primer or a fragment encoding a biologically active portion of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6. The nucleotide sequence determined from the cloning of the human CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6, and the partial murine CARD-4 gene allows for the generation of probes and primers designed for use in identifying and/or cloning CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 homologues in other cell types, e.g., from other tissues, as well as CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 homologues and orthologs from other mammals. The probe/primer typically comprises substantially purified oligonucleotide. The oligonucleotide typically comprises a region of nucleotide sequence that hybridizes under stringent conditions to at least about 12, preferably about 25, more preferably about 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, 250, 300, 350 or 400 consecutive nucleotides of the sense or anti-sense sequence of SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:3, SEQ ID NO:7, SEQ ID NO:9, SEQ ID:25, SEQ ID NO:27, SEQ ID NO:38, SEQ ID NO:40, SEQ ID NO:42, SEQ ID NO:48, SEQ ID NO:50, SEQ ID NO:51, SEQ ID NO:53, SEQ ID NO:54, SEQ ID NO:56, SEQ ID NO:60, SEQ ID NO:62, the cDNA of ATCC 203037, the cDNA of ATCC 203035, or the cDNA of ATCC 203036, or the cDNA of ATCC PTA-211, the cDNA of PTA-212, or the cDNA of PTA-213, or of a naturally occurring mutant of one of SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:3, SEQ ID NO:7, SEQ ID NO:9, SEQ ID:25, SEQ ID NO:27, SEQ ID NO:38, SEQ ID NO:40, SEQ ID NO:42, SEQ ID NO:48, SEQ ID NO:50, SEQ ID NO:51, SEQ ID NO:53, SEQ ID NO:54, SEQ ID NO:56, SEQ ID NO:60, SEQ ID NO:62, the cDNA of ATCC 203037, the cDNA of ATCC 203035, the cDNA of ATCC 203036, or the cDNA of ATCC PTA-211, the cDNA of PTA-212, or the cDNA of PTA-213.

[0141] Probes based on the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 nucleotide sequence can be used to detect transcripts or genomic sequences encoding the same or similar proteins. The probe comprises a label group attached thereto, e.g., a radioisotope, a fluorescent compound, an enzyme, or an enzyme co-factor. Such probes can be used as a part of a diagnostic test kit for identifying allelic variants and orthologs of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 proteins of the present invention, identifying cells or tissue which mis-express a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein, such as by measuring a level of a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6-encoding nucleic acid in a sample of cells from a subject, e.g., detecting CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 mRNA levels or determining whether a genomic CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene has been mutated or deleted.

[0142] A nucleic acid fragment encoding a “biologically active portion” of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 can be prepared by isolating a portion of SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:3, SEQ ID NO:7, SEQ ID NO:9, SEQ ID:25, SEQ ID NO:27, SEQ ID NO:38, SEQ ID NO:40, SEQ ID NO:42, SEQ ID NO:48, SEQ ID NO:50, SEQ ID NO:51, SEQ ID NO:53, SEQ ID NO:54, SEQ ID NO:56, SEQ ID NO:60, SEQ ID NO:62, the cDNA of ATCC 203037, the cDNA of ATCC 203035, the cDNA of ATCC 203036, or the cDNA of ATCC PTA-211, the cDNA of PTA-212, or the cDNA of PTA-213, which encodes a polypeptide having a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 biological activity, expressing the encoded portion of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein (e.g., by recombinant expression in vitro) and assessing the activity of the encoded portion of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6. For example, a nucleic acid fragment encoding a biologically active portion of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 includes a CARD domain, e.g., SEQ ID NO:6, SEQ ID NO:10, SEQ ID NO:28, SEQ ID NO:57, SEQ ID NO:58, SEQ ID NO:59, or SEQ ID NO:62.

[0143] The invention further encompasses nucleic acid molecules that differ from the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:3, SEQ ID NO:7, SEQ ID NO:9, SEQ ID:25, SEQ ID NO:27, SEQ ID NO:38, SEQ ID NO:40, SEQ ID NO:42, SEQ ID NO:48, SEQ ID NO:50, SEQ ID NO:51, SEQ ID NO:53, SEQ ID NO:54, SEQ ID NO:56, SEQ ID NO:60, SEQ ID NO:62, the cDNA of ATCC 203037, the cDNA of ATCC 203035, the cDNA of ATCC 203036, or the cDNA of ATCC PTA-211, the cDNA of PTA-212, or the cDNA of PTA-213, due to degeneracy of the genetic code and thus encode the same CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein as that encoded by the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:3, SEQ ID NO:7, SEQ ID NO:9, SEQ ID:25, SEQ ID NO:27, SEQ ID NO:38, SEQ ID NO:40, SEQ ID NO:42, SEQ ID NO:48, SEQ ID NO:50, SEQ ID NO:51, SEQ ID NO:53, SEQ ID NO:54, SEQ ID NO:56, SEQ ID NO:60, SEQ ID NO:62, the cDNA of ATCC 203037, the cDNA of ATCC 203035, the cDNA of ATCC 203036, or the cDNA of ATCC PTA-211, the cDNA of ATCC PTA-212, or the cDNA of ATCC PTA-213.

[0144] In addition to the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:3, SEQ ID NO:7, SEQ ID NO:9, SEQ ID:25, SEQ ID NO:27, SEQ ID NO:38, SEQ ID NO:40, SEQ ID NO:42, SEQ ID NO:48, SEQ ID NO:50, SEQ ID NO:51, SEQ ID NO:53, SEQ ID NO:54, SEQ ID NO:56, SEQ ID NO:60, SEQ ID NO:62, the cDNA of ATCC 203037, the cDNA of ATCC 203035, the cDNA of ATCC 203036, the cDNA of ATCC PTA-211, the cDNA of ATCC PTA-212, or the cDNA of ATCC PTA-213, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that DNA sequence polymorphisms that lead to changes in the amino acid sequences of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 may exist within a population (e.g., the human population). Such genetic polymorphism in the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene may exist among individuals within a population due to natural allelic variation. As used herein, the terms “gene” and “recombinant gene” refer to nucleic acid molecules comprising an open reading frame encoding a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein, preferably a mammalian CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein. Such natural allelic variations can typically result in 1-5% variance in the nucleotide sequence of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene. Any and all such nucleotide variations and resulting amino acid polymorphisms in CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-0.5, or CARD-6 that are the result of natural allelic variation and that do not alter the functional activity of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 are intended to be within the scope of the invention. Thus, e.g., 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, or 5% of the amino acids in CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 are replaced by another amino acid, preferably the amino acids are replaced by conservative substitutions.

[0145] Moreover, nucleic acid molecules encoding CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 proteins from other species (CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 orthologs/homologues), which have a nucleotide sequence which differs from that of a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 disclosed herein, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

[0146] For example, Example 5 describes the murine CARD-4 ortholog and Example 14 describes the murine CARD-5 ortholog. Nucleic acid molecules corresponding to natural allelic variants and homologues of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 cDNA of the invention can be isolated based on their similarity to the nucleic acids disclosed herein using the human or murine cDNAs, or a portion thereof, as a hybridization probe according to standard hybridization techniques under stringent hybridization conditions.

[0147] In general, an allelic variant of a gene will be readily identifiable as mapping to the same chromosomal location as said gene. For example, in Example 6, the chromosomal location of the human CARD-4 gene is discovered to be chromosome 7 close to the SHGC-31928 genetic marker. Allelic variants of human CARD-4 will be readily identifiable as mapping to the human CARD-4 locus on chromosome 7 near genetic marker SHGC-31928.

[0148] Accordingly, in another embodiment, an isolated nucleic acid molecule of the invention is at least 300 (325, 350, 375, 400, 425, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 1300, 1600 or 1931) nucleotides in length and hybridizes under stringent conditions to the nucleic acid molecule comprising the nucleotide sequence, preferably the coding sequence, of SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:3, or the cDNA of ATCC 203037. In yet another embodiment, an isolated nucleic acid molecule of the invention is at least 300 (325, 350, 375, 400, 425, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 800, 900, 1000, or 1300, 1640, 1900, 2200, 2500, 2800, 3100, or 3382) nucleotides in length and hybridizes under stringent conditions to the nucleic acid molecule comprising the nucleotide sequence, preferably the coding sequence, of SEQ ID NO:7, SEQ ID NO:9, SEQ ID NO:25, SEQ ID NO:27, SEQ ID NO:38, SEQ ID NO:40, the cDNA of ATCC 203035, or the cDNA of ATCC 203036. Accordingly, in another embodiment, an isolated nucleic acid molecule of the invention is at least 300 (325, 350, 375, 400, 425, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 800, 900, 1000, or 1300, 1640, 1900, 2200, 2500, 2800, 3100, 3300, 3600, 3900, 4200 or 4209) nucleotides in length and hybridizes under stringent conditions to the nucleic acid molecule comprising the nucleotide sequence, preferably the coding sequence, of SEQ ID NO:42.

[0149] In yet another embodiment, an isolated nucleic acid molecule of the invention is at least 300 (350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, or 740) nucleotides in length and hybridizes under stringent conditions to a nucleic acid molecule consisting of the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO:48 or SEQ ID NO:50.

[0150] In yet another embodiment, an isolated nucleic acid molecule of the invention is at least 300 (350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, or 761) nucleotides in length and hybridizes under stringent conditions to a nucleic acid molecule consisting of the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO:60 or SEQ ID NO:62.

[0151] In yet another embodiment, an isolated nucleic acid molecule of the invention is at least 300 (350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, 3000, 3500, 4000, 4500, 5000, 5200, or 5252) nucleotides in length and hybridizes under stringent conditions to a nucleic acid molecule consisting of the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO:51 or SEQ ID NO:53.

[0152] In yet another embodiment, an isolated nucleic acid molecule of the invention is at least 300 (350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, 3000, 3500, 4000, 4500, or 5000) nucleotides in length and hybridizes under stringent conditions to a nucleic acid molecule consisting of the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO:54 or SEQ ID NO:56.

[0153] As used herein, the term “hybridizes under stringent conditions” is intended to describe conditions for hybridization and washing under which nucleotide sequences at least 60% (65%, 70%, preferably 75%) identical to each other typically remain hybridized to each other. Such stringent conditions are known to those skilled in the art and can be found in Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, John Wiley & Sons, N.Y. (1989), 6.3.1-6.3.6. An, non-limiting example of stringent hybridization conditions are hybridization in 6×sodium chloride/sodium citrate (SSC) at about 45° C., followed by one or more washes in 0.2×SSC, 0.1% SDS at 50-65° C. (e.g., 50° C. or 60° C. or 65° C.). Preferably, the isolated nucleic acid molecule of the invention that hybridizes under stringent conditions corresponds to a naturally-occurring nucleic acid molecule. As used herein, a “naturally-occurring” nucleic acid molecule refers to an RNA or DNA molecule having a nucleotide sequence that occurs in nature (e.g., encodes a natural protein).

[0154] In addition to naturally-occurring allelic variants of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 sequence that may exist in the population, the skilled artisan will further appreciate that changes can be introduced by mutation into the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:3, SEQ ID NO:7, SEQ ID NO:9, SEQ ID:25, SEQ ID NO:27, SEQ ID NO:38, SEQ ID NO:40, SEQ ID NO:42, SEQ ID NO:48, SEQ ID NO:50, SEQ ID NO:51, SEQ ID NO:53, SEQ ID NO:54, SEQ ID NO:56, SEQ ID NO:60, SEQ ID NO:62, the cDNA of ATCC 203037, the cDNA of ATCC 203035, the cDNA of ATCC 203036, the cDNA of ATCC PTA-211, the cDNA of ATCC PTA-212, or the cDNA of ATCC PTA-213, thereby leading to changes in the amino acid sequence of the encoded protein without altering the functional ability of the protein. For example, one can make nucleotide substitutions leading to amino acid substitutions at “non-essential” amino acid residues. A “non-essential” amino acid residue is a residue that can be altered from the wild-type sequence of CARD-3, CARD-4L/S, CARD-4 splice variant, murine CARD-4 protein, human CARD-5 protein, murine CARD-5 protein, or rat CARD-6 protein without altering the biological activity, whereas an “essential” amino acid residue is required for biological activity. For example, amino acid residues that are conserved among the CARD-3, CARD-4L/S, CARD-4 splice variant, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 proteins of various species are predicted to be particularly unamenable to alteration.

[0155] For example, preferred CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, and CARD-6 proteins of the present invention, contain at least one CARD domain. Additionally, a CARD-3 protein also contains at least one kinase domain or at least one linker domain. A CARD domain contains at least one nucleotide binding domain or Leucine-rich repeats. Such conserved domains are less likely to be amenable to mutation. Other amino acid residues, however, (e.g., those that are not conserved or only semi-conserved among CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 of various species) may not be essential for activity and thus are likely to be amenable to alteration.

[0156] Accordingly, another aspect of the invention pertains to nucleic acid molecules encoding CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 proteins that contain changes in amino acid residues that are not essential for activity. Such CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 proteins differ in amino acid sequence from SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:8, SEQ ID NO:25, SEQ ID NO:39, SEQ ID NO:41, SEQ ID NO:43, SEQ ID NO:49, SEQ ID NO:52, SEQ ID NO:55, or SEQ ID NO:61, and yet retain biological activity. In one embodiment, the isolated nucleic acid molecule includes a nucleotide sequence encoding a protein that includes an amino acid sequence that is at least about 45% identical, 65%, 75%, 85%, 95%, or 98% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID .NO:8, SEQ ID NO:26, SEQ ID NO:39, SEQ ID NO:41, SEQ ID NO:43, SEQ ID NO:49, SEQ ID NO:52, SEQ ID NO:55, or SEQ ID NO:61.

[0157] An isolated nucleic acid molecule encoding a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein having a sequence which differs from that of SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:3, SEQ ID NO:7, SEQ ID NO:9, SEQ ID:25, SEQ ID NO:27, SEQ ID NO:38, SEQ ID NO:40, SEQ ID NO:42, SEQ ID NO:48, SEQ ID NO:50, SEQ ID NO:51, SEQ ID NO:53, SEQ ID NO:54, SEQ ID NO:56, SEQ ID NO:60, SEQ ID NO:62, the cDNA of ATCC 203037, the cDNA of ATCC 203035, the cDNA of ATCC 203036, the cDNA of ATCC PTA-211, the cDNA of ATCC PTA-212, or the cDNA of ATCC PTA-213, can be created by introducing one or more nucleotide substitutions, additions or deletions into the nucleotide sequence of CARD-3 (SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:3, the cDNA of ATCC 203037) or CARD-4L (SEQ ID NO:7, SEQ ID NO:9, the cDNA of ATCC 203035), or CARD-4S (SEQ ID NO:25, SEQ ID NO:27, the cDNA of ATCC 203036), or human CARD-4 splice variants (SEQ ID NO:38, SEQ ID NO:40, or murine CARD-4 (SEQ ID NO:42), or murine CARD-5 (SEQ ID NO:60, SEQ ID NO:62, the cDNA of PTA-211), or human CARD-5 (SEQ ID NO:48, SEQ ID NO:50, the cDNA of ATCC PTA-213), rat CARD-6 (SEQ ID NO:51, SEQ ID NO:53, the cDNA of ATCC PTA-211), or human CARD-6 (SEQ ID NO:54, SEQ ID NO:56, the cDNA of ATCC PTA-213) such that one or more amino acid substitutions, additions or deletions are introduced into the encoded protein. Mutations can be introduced by standard techniques, such as site-directed mutagenesis and PCR-mediated mutagenesis. Preferably, conservative amino acid substitutions are made at one or more predicted non-essential amino acid residues. Thus, for example, 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, or 10% of the amino acids can be replaced by conservative substitution. A “conservative amino acid substitution” is one in which the amino acid residue is replaced with an amino acid residue having a similar side chain. Families of amino acid residues having similar side chains have been defined in the art. These families include amino acids with basic side chains (e.g., lysine, arginine, histidine), acidic side chains (e.g., aspartic acid, glutamic acid), uncharged polar side chains (e.g., glycine, asparagine, glutamine, serine, threonine, tyrosine, cysteine), nonpolar side chains (e.g., alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, proline, phenylalanine, methionine, tryptophan), beta-branched side chains (e.g., threonine, valine, isoleucine) and aromatic side chains (e.g., tyrosine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, histidine). Thus, a predicted nonessential amino acid residue in CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 is preferably replaced with another amino acid residue from the same side chain family. Alternatively, mutations can be introduced randomly along all or part of a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 coding sequence, such as by saturation mutagenesis, and the resultant mutants can be screened for CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 biological activity to identify mutants that retain activity. Following mutagenesis, the encoded protein can be expressed recombinantly and the activity of the protein can be determined.

[0158] In an embodiment, a mutant CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein can be assayed for: (1) the ability to form protein:protein interactions with proteins in the apoptotic signalling pathway; (2) the ability to bind a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 ligand; or (3) the ability to bind to an intracellular target protein. For example, (1) in Example 7, a two-hybrid screening assay for the physical interaction of CARD-3 and CARD-4 is shown, (2) in Example 8, a two-hybrid system assay for the interaction between CARD-4 and its ligand hNUDC is described, and (3) in Example 12, a coimmunoprecipitation assay for the interaction of CARD-3 with its ligand CARD-4 is shown. In yet another embodiment, a mutant CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein can be assayed for the ability to modulate cellular proliferation, cellular differentiation, or cellular death. For example, in Example 10, assays for the regulation of cellular death (apoptosis) by CARD-3 or CARD-4 are described. In yet another embodiment, a mutant CARD-3 or CARD-4 protein can be assayed for regulation of a cellular signal transduction pathway. For example, in Example 9, an assay for the regulation by CARD-4 of the NF-κB pathway is described.

[0159] The present invention encompasses antisense nucleic acid molecules, i.e., molecules which are complementary to a sense nucleic acid encoding a protein, e.g., complementary to the coding strand of a double-stranded cDNA molecule or complementary to an mRNA sequence. Accordingly, an antisense nucleic acid can hydrogen bond to a sense nucleic acid. The antisense nucleic acid can be complementary to an entire CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 coding strand, or to only a portion thereof, e.g., all or part of the protein coding region (or open reading frame). An antisense nucleic acid molecule can be antisense to a noncoding region of the coding strand of a nucleotide sequence encoding CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6. The noncoding regions (“5′ and 3′ untranslated regions”) are the 5′ and 3′ sequences which flank the coding region and are not translated into amino acids. Given the coding strand sequences encoding CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, and CARD-6 disclosed herein, antisense nucleic acids of the invention can be designed according to the rules of Watson and Crick base pairing. The antisense nucleic acid molecule can be complementary to the entire coding region of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6L/S mRNA, but more preferably is an oligonucleotide which is antisense to only a portion of the coding or noncoding region of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 mRNA. For example, the antisense oligonucleotide can be complementary to the region surrounding the translation start site of CARD-3 mRNA, e.g., an oligonucleotide having the sequence CCCTGGTACTTGCCCCTCCGGTAG (SEQ ID NO:34) or CCTGGTACTTGCCCCTCC (SEQ ID NO:35) or of the CARD-4L mRNA, e.g., TCGTTAAGCCCTTGAAGACAGTG (SEQ ID NO:36) and TCGTTAGCCCTTGAAGACCAGTGAGTGTAG (SEQ ID NO:37) or of the human CARD-5 mRNA, e.g., TAGGACCTCGGTACCCGCGCGCGCG (SEQ ID NO:68) or CGCCGGCCCC TAGGACCTCGGTACC (SEQ ID NO:69). An antisense oligonucleotide can be, for example, about 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45 or 50 nucleotides in length. An antisense nucleic acid of the invention can be constructed using chemical synthesis and enzymatic ligation reactions using procedures known in the art. For example, an antisense nucleic acid (e.g., an antisense oligonucleotide) can be chemically synthesized using naturally occurring nucleotides or variously modified nucleotides designed to increase the biological stability of the molecules or to increase the physical stability of the duplex formed between the antisense and sense nucleic acids, e.g., phosphorothioate derivatives and acridine substituted nucleotides can be used. Examples of modified nucleotides which can be used to generate the antisense nucleic acid include 5-fluorouracil, 5-bromouracil, 5-chlorouracil, 5-iodouracil, hypoxanthine, xanthine, 4-acetylcytosine, 5-(carboxyhydroxylmethyl) uracil, 5-carboxymethylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine, 5-carboxymethylaminomethyluracil, dihydrouracil, beta-D-galactosylqueosine, inosine, N6-isopentenyladenine, 1-methylguanine, 1-methylinosine, 2,2-dimethylguanine, 2-methyladenine, 2-methylguanine, 3-methylcytosine, 5-methylcytosine, N6-adenine, 7-methylguanine, 5-methylaminomethyluracil, 5-methoxyaminomethyl-2-thiouracil, beta-D-mannosylqueosine, 5′-methoxycarboxymethyluracil, 5-methoxyuracil, 2-methylthio-N6-isopentenyladenine, uracil-5-oxyacetic acid (v), wybutoxosine, pseudouracil, queosine, 2-thiocytosine, 5-methyl-2-thiouracil, 2-thiouracil, 4-thiouracil, 5-methyluracil, uracil-5-oxyacetic acid methylester, uracil-5-oxyacetic acid (v), 5-methyl-2-thiouracil, 3-(3-aino-3-N-2-carboxypropyl) uracil, (acp3)w, and 2,6-diaminopurine. Alternatively, the antisense nucleic acid can be produced biologically using an expression vector into which a nucleic acid has been subcloned in an antisense orientation (i.e., RNA transcribed from the inserted nucleic acid will be of an antisense orientation to a target nucleic acid of interest, described furthr in the following subsection).

[0160] The antisense nucleic acid molecules of the invention are typically administered to a subject or generated in situ such that they hybridize with or bind to cellular mRNA and/or genomic DNA encoding a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein to thereby inhibit expression of the protein, e.g., by inhibiting transcription and/or translation. The hybridization can be by conventional nucleotide complementarity to form a stable duplex, or, for example, in the case of an antisense nucleic acid molecule which binds to DNA duplexes, through specific interactions in the major groove of the double helix. An example of a route of administration of antisense nucleic acid molecules of the invention include direct injection at a tissue site. Alternatively, antisense nucleic acid molecules can be modified to target selected cells and then administered systemically. For example, for systemic administration, antisense molecules can be modified such that they specifically bind to receptors or antigens expressed on a selected cell surface, e.g., by linking the antisense nucleic acid molecules to peptides or antibodies which bind to cell surface receptors or antigens. The antisense nucleic acid molecules can also be delivered to cells using the vectors described herein. To achieve sufficient intracellular concentrations of the antisense molecules, vector constructs in which the antisense nucleic acid molecule is placed under the control of a strong pol II or pol III promoter are preferred.

[0161] An antisense nucleic acid molecule of the invention can be an α-anomeric nucleic acid molecule. An α-anomeric nucleic acid molecule forms specific double-stranded hybrids with complementary RNA in which, contrary to the usual β-units, the strands run parallel to each other (Gaultier et al. (1987) Nucleic Acids. Res. 15:6625-6641). The antisense nucleic acid molecule can also comprise a 2′-o-methylribonucleotide (Inoue et al. (1987) Nucleic Acids Res. 15:6131-6148) or a chimeric RNA-DNA analogue (Inoue et al. (1987) FEBS Lett. 215:327-330).

[0162] The invention also encompasses ribozymes. Ribozymes are catalytic RNA molecules with ribonuclease activity which are capable of cleaving a single-stranded nucleic acid, such as an mRNA, to which they have a complementary region. Thus, ribozymes (e.g., hammerhead ribozymes (described in Haselhoff and Gerlach (1988) Nature 334:585-591)) can be used to catalytically cleave CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 mRNA transcripts to thereby inhibit translation of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 mRNA. A ribozyme having specificity for a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-S, or CARD-6-encoding nucleic acid can be designed based upon the nucleotide sequence of a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 cDNA disclosed herein. For example, a derivative of a Tetrahymena L-19 IVS RNA can be constructed in which the nucleotide sequence of the active site is complementary to the nucleotide sequence to be cleaved in a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6-encoding mRNA. See, e.g., Cech et al. U.S. Pat. No. 4,987,071; and Cech et al. U.S. Pat. No. 5,116,742. Alternatively, CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 mRNA can be used to select a catalytic RNA having a specific ribonuclease activity from a pool of RNA molecules. See, e.g., Bartel and Szostak (1993) Science 261:1411-1418.

[0163] The invention also encompasses nucleic acid molecules which form triple helical structures. For example, CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene expression can be inhibited by targeting nucleotide sequences complementary to the regulatory region of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 (e.g., the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 promoter and/or enhancers) to form triple helical structures that prevent transcription of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene in target cells. See generally, Helene (1991) Anticancer Drug Des. 6(6):569-84; Helene (1992) Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 660:27-36; and Maher (1992) Bioassays 14(12):807-15.

[0164] In embodiments, the nucleic acid molecules of the invention can be modified at the base moiety, sugar moiety or phosphate backbone to improve, e.g., the stability, hybridization, or solubility of the molecule. For example, the deoxyribose phosphate backbone of the nucleic acids can be modified to generate peptide nucleic acids (see Hyrup et al. (1996) Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry 4(1):5-23). As used herein, the terms “peptide nucleic acids” or “PNAs” refer to nucleic acid mimics, e.g., DNA mimics, in which the deoxyribose phosphate backbone is replaced by a pseudopeptide backbone and only the four natural nucleobases are retained. The neutral backbone of PNAs has been shown to allow for specific hybridization to DNA and RNA under conditions of low ionic strength. The synthesis of PNA oligomers can be performed using standard solid phase peptide synthesis protocols as described in Hyrup et al. (1996) supra; Perry-O'Keefe et al. (1996) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93:14670-675.

[0165] PNAs of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 can be used for therapeutic and diagnostic applications. For example, PNAs can be used as antisense or antigene agents for sequence-specific modulation of gene expression by, e.g., inducing transcription or translation arrest or inhibiting replication. PNAs of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 can also be used, e.g., in the analysis of single base pair mutations in a gene by, e.g., PNA directed PCR clamping; as artificial restriction enzymes when used in combination with other enzymes, e.g., S1 nucleases (Hyrup (1996) supra; or as probes or primers for DNA sequence and hybridization (Hyrup (1996) supra; Perry-O'Keefe et al. (1996) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93: 14670-675).

[0166] In another embodiment, PNAs of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 can be modified, e.g., to enhance their stability or cellular uptake, by attaching lipophilic or other helper groups to PNA, by the formation of PNA-DNA chimeras, or by the use of liposomes or other techniques of drug delivery known in the art. For example, PNA-DNA chimeras of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 can be generated which may combine the advantageous properties of PNA and DNA. Such chimeras allow DNA recognition enzymes, e.g., RNAse H and DNA polymerases, to interact with the DNA portion while the PNA portion would provide high binding affinity and specificity. PNA-DNA chimeras can be linked using linkers of appropriate lengths selected in terms of base stacking, number of bonds between the nucleobases, and orientation (Hyrup (1996) supra). The synthesis of PNA-DNA chimeras can be performed as described in Hyrup (1996) supra and Finn et al. (1996) Nucleic Acids Research 24(17):3357-63. For example, a DNA chain can be synthesized on a solid support using standard phosphoramidite coupling chemistry and modified nucleoside analogs, e.g., 5′-(4-methoxytrityl)amino-5′-deoxy-thymidine phosphoramidite, can be used as a between the PNA and the 5′ end of DNA (Mag et al. (1989) Nucleic Acid Res. 17:5973-88). PNA monomers are then coupled in a stepwise manner to produce a chimeric molecule with a 5′ PNA segment and a 3′ DNA segment (Finn et al. (1996) Nucleic Acids Research 24(17):3357-63). Alternatively, chimeric molecules can be synthesized with a 5′ DNA segment and a 3′ PNA segment (Peterser et al. (1975) Bioorganic Med. Chem. Lett. 5:1119-11124).

[0167] In other embodiments, the oligonucleotide may include other appended groups such as peptides (e.g., for targeting host cell receptors in vivo), or agents facilitating transport across the cell membrane (see, e.g., Letsinger et al. (1989) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86:6553-6556; Lemaitre et al. (1987) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:648-652; PCT Publication No. W0 88/09810) or the blood-brain barrier (see, e.g., PCT Publication No. W0 89/10134). In addition, oligonucleotides can be modified with hybridization-triggered cleavage agents (see, e.g., Krol et al. (1988) Bio/Techniques 6:958-976) or intercalating agents (see, e.g., Zon (1988) Pharm. Res. 5:539-549). To this end, the oligonucleotide may be conjugated to another molecule, e.g., a peptide, hybridization triggered cross-linking agent, transport agent, hybridization-triggered cleavage agent, etc.

[0168] II. Isolated CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, and CARD-6 Proteins and Anti-CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, and CARD-6 Antibodies.

[0169] One aspect of the invention pertains to isolated CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, and CARD-6 proteins, and biologically active portions thereof, as well as polypeptide fragments suitable for use as immunogens to raise anti-CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 antibodies. In one embodiment, native CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 proteins can be isolated from cells or tissue sources by an appropriate purification scheme using standard protein purification techniques. In another embodiment, CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 proteins are produced by recombinant DNA techniques. Alternative to recombinant expression, a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein or polypeptide can be synthesized chemically using standard peptide synthesis techniques.

[0170] An “isolated” or “purified” protein or biologically active portion thereof is substantially free of cellular material or other contaminating proteins from the cell or tissue source from which the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein is derived, or substantially free from chemical precursors or other chemicals when chemically synthesized. The language “substantially free of cellular material” includes preparations of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein in which the protein is separated from cellular components of the cells from which it is isolated or recombinantly produced. Thus, CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein that is substantially free of cellular material includes preparations of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein having less than about 30%, 20%, 10%, or 5% (by dry weight) of non-CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein (also referred to herein as a “contaminating protein”). When the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein or biologically active portion thereof is recombinantly produced, it is also preferably substantially free of culture medium, i.e., culture medium represents less than about 20%, 10%, or 5% of the volume of the protein preparation. When CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein is produced by chemical synthesis, it is preferably substantially free of chemical precursors or other chemicals, i.e., it is separated from chemical precursors or other chemicals which are involved in the synthesis of the protein. Accordingly such preparations of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein have less than about 30%, 20%, 10%, 5% (by dry weight) of chemical precursors or non-CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 chemicals.

[0171] Biologically active portions of a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein include peptides comprising amino acid sequences sufficiently identical to or derived from the amino acid sequence of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein (e.g., the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:8, SEQ ID NO:26, SEQ ID NO:39, SEQ ID NO:41, SEQ ID NO:43, SEQ ID NO:49, SEQ ID NO:52, SEQ ID NO:55, or SEQ ID NO:61), which include less amino acids than the full length CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein, and exhibit at least one activity of a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein. Typically, biologically active portions comprise a domain or motif with at least one activity of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein. A biologically active portion of a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein can be a polypeptide which is, for example, 10, 25, 50, 100 or more amino acids in length. Preferred biologically active polypeptides include one or more identified CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 structural domains, e.g., the CARD domain (SEQ ID NO:6, SEQ ID NO:10, SEQ ID NO:27, SEQ ID NO:66, SEQ ID NO:67, or SEQ ID NO:68).

[0172] Moreover, other biologically active portions, in which other regions of the protein are deleted, can be prepared by recombinant techniques and evaluated for one or more of the functional activities of a native CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-S, or CARD-6 protein.

[0173] CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein has the amino acid sequence shown of SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:8, SEQ ID NO:26, SEQ ID NO:39, SEQ ID NO:41, SEQ ID NO:43, SEQ ID NO:49, SEQ ID NO:52, SEQ ID NO:55, or SEQ ID NO:61. Other second sequence, then the molecules are identical at that position. The percent identity between the two sequences is a function of the number of identical positions shared by the sequences (i.e., % identity=# of identical positions/total # of positions×100).

[0174] The determination of percent homology between two sequences can be accomplished using a mathematical algorithm. A preferred, non-limiting example of a mathematical algorithm utilized for the comparison of two sequences is the algorithm of Karlin and Altschul (1990) Proc. Nat'l Acad. Sci. USA 87:2264-2268, modified as in Karlin and Altschul (1993) Proc. Nat'l Acad. Sci. USA 90:5873-5877. Such an algorithm is incorporated into the NBLAST and XBLAST programs of Altschul, et al. (1990) J. Mol. Biol. 215:403-410. BLAST nucleotide searches can be performed with the NBLAST program, score=100, wordlength=12 to obtain nucleotide sequences similar or homologous to CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 nucleic acid molecules of the invention. For example, Example 5 describes the use of the TBLASTN program to query a database of sequences of full length and partial cDNA sequences with the human CARD-4 polypeptide sequence leading to the discovery of murine CARD-4 and Example 4 describes the use of BLASTN to query a proprietary EST database with the 5′ untranslated sequence of CARD-4 leading to the discovery of two human CARD-4 splice variants. BLAST protein searches can be performed with the XBLAST program, score=50, wordlength=3 to obtain amino acid sequences homologous to CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein molecules of the invention. To obtain gapped alignments for comparison purposes, Gapped BLAST can be utilized as described in Altschul et al. (1997) Nucleic Acids Res. 25:3389-3402. When utilizing BLAST and Gapped BLAST programs, the default parameters of the respective programs (e.g., XBLAST and NBLAST) can be used. See http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Another preferred, non-limiting example of a mathematical algorithm utilized for the comparison of sequences is the algorithm of Myers and Miller, CABIOS (1989). Such an algorithm is incorporated into the ALIGN program (version 2.0) which is part of the GCG sequence alignment software package. When utilizing the ALIGN program for comparing amino acid sequences, a PAM120 weight residue table, a gap length penalty of 12, and a gap penalty of 4 can be used.

[0175] The percent identity between two sequences can be determined using techniques similar to those described above, with or without allowing gaps. In calculating percent identity, typically exact matches are counted.

[0176] The invention also provides CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 chimeric or fusion proteins. As used herein, a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 “chimeric protein” or “fusion protein” comprises a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 polypeptide operatively linked to a non-CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 polypeptide. A “CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 polypeptide” refers to a polypeptide having an amino acid sequence corresponding to all or a portion (preferably a biologically active portion) of a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6, whereas a “non-CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 polypeptide” refers to a polypeptide having an amino acid sequence corresponding to a protein which is not substantially identical to the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein, e.g., a protein which is different from the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 proteins and which is derived from the same or a different organism. Within the fusion protein, the term “operatively linked” is intended to indicate that the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 polypeptide and the non-CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 polypeptide are fused in-frame to each other. The heterologous polypeptide can be fused to the N-terminus or C-terminus of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 polypeptide.

[0177] One useful fusion protein is a GST fusion protein in which the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 sequences are fused to the C-terminus of the GST sequences. Such fusion proteins can facilitate the purification of recombinant CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6. In another embodiment, the fusion protein contains a signal sequence from another protein. In certain host cells (e.g., mammalian host cells), expression and/or secretion of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 can be increased through use of a heterologous signal sequence. For example, the gp67 secretory sequence of the baculovirus envelope protein can be used as a heterologous signal sequence (Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, Ausubel et al., eds., John Wiley & Sons, 1992). Other examples of eukaryotic heterologous signal sequences include the secretory sequences of melittin and human placental alkaline phosphatase (Stratagene; La Jolla, Calif.). In yet another example, useful prokaryotic heterologous signal sequences include the phoA secretory signal (Molecular cloning, Sambrook et al, second edition, Cold spring harbor laboratory press, 1989) and the protein A secretory signal (Pharmacia Biotech; Piscataway, N.J. ).

[0178] In yet another embodiment, the fusion protein is a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6-immunoglobulin fusion protein in which all or part of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 is fused to sequences derived from a member of the immunoglobulin protein family. The CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6-immunoglobulin fusion proteins of the invention can be incorporated into pharmaceutical compositions and administered to a subject to inhibit an interaction between a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 ligand and a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein on the surface of a cell, to thereby suppress CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6-mediated signal transduction in vivo. The CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6-immunoglobulin fusion proteins can be used to affect the bioavailability of a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 cognate ligand. Inhibition of the CARD-3 ligand/CARD-3, CARD-4 ligand/CARD-4, CARD-5 ligand/CARD-5, or CARD-6 ligand/CARD-6 interaction may be useful therapeutically for both the treatment of proliferative and differentiative disorders, as well as modulating (e.g., promoting or inhibiting) cell survival. Moreover, the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6-immunoglobulin fusion proteins of the invention can be used as immunogens to produce anti-CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 antibodies in a subject, to purify CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 ligands and in screening assays to identify molecules which inhibit the interaction of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 with a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 ligand.

[0179] Preferably, a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 chimeric or fusion protein of the invention is produced by standard recombinant DNA techniques. For example, DNA fragments coding for the different polypeptide sequences are ligated together in-frame in accordance with conventional techniques, for example by employing blunt-ended or stagger-ended termini for ligation, restriction enzyme digestion to provide for appropriate termini, filling-in of cohesive ends as appropriate, alkaline phosphatase treatment to avoid undesirable joining, and enzymatic ligation. In another embodiment, the fusion gene can be synthesized by conventional techniques including automated DNA synthesizers. Alternatively, PCR amplification of gene fragments can be carried out using anchor primers which give rise to complementary overhangs between two consecutive gene fragments which can subsequently be annealed and reamplified to generate a chimeric gene sequence (see, e.g., Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, Ausubel et al. eds., John Wiley & Sons: 1992). Moreover, many expression vectors are commercially available that already encode a fusion moiety (e.g., a GST polypeptide). A CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6-encoding nucleic acid can be cloned into such an expression vector such that the fusion moiety is linked in-frame to the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein.

[0180] The present invention also pertains to variants of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 proteins which function as either CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 agonists (mimetics) or as CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 antagonists. Variants of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein can be generated by mutagenesis, e.g., discrete point mutation or truncation of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein. An agonist of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein can retain substantially the same, or a subset, of the biological activities of the naturally occurring form of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein. An antagonist of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein can inhibit one or more of the activities of the naturally occurring form of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein by, for example, competitively binding to a downstream or upstream member of a cellular signaling cascade which includes the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein. Thus, specific biological effects can be elicited by treatment with a variant of limited function. Treatment of a subject with a variant having a subset of the biological activities of the naturally occurring form of the protein can have fewer side effects in a subject relative to treatment with the naturally occurring form of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 proteins.

[0181] Variants of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein which function as either CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 agonists (mimetics) or as CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 antagonists can be identified by screening combinatorial libraries of mutants, e.g., truncation mutants of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein for CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein agonist or antagonist activity. In one embodiment, a variegated library of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 variants is generated by combinatorial mutagenesis at the nucleic acid level and is encoded by a variegated gene library. A variegated library of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 variants can be produced by, for example, enzymatically ligating a mixture of synthetic oligonucleotides into gene sequences such that a degenerate set of potential CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 sequences is expressible as individual polypeptides, or alternatively, as a set of larger fusion proteins (e.g., for phage display) containing the set of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 sequences therein. There are a variety of methods which can be used to produce libraries of potential CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 variants from a degenerate oligonucleotide sequence. Chemical synthesis of a degenerate gene sequence can be performed in an automatic DNA synthesizer, and the synthetic gene then ligated into an appropriate expression vector. Use of a degenerate set of genes allows for the provision, in one mixture, of all of the sequences encoding the desired set of potential CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 sequences. Methods for synthesizing degenerate oligonucleotides are known in the art (see, e.g., Narang (1983) Tetrahedron 39:3; Itakura et al. (1984) Annu. Rev. Biochem. 53:323; Itakura et al. (1984) Science 198:1056; Ike et al. (1983) Nucleic Acid Res. 11:477).

[0182] Useful fragments of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, and CARD-6, include fragments comprising or consisting of a domain or subdomain described herein, e.g., a kinase domain or a CARD domain.

[0183] In addition, libraries of fragments of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein coding sequence can be used to generate a variegated population of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 fragments for screening and subsequent selection of variants of a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein. In one embodiment, a library of coding sequence fragments can be generated by treating a double stranded PCR fragment of a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 coding sequence with a nuclease under conditions wherein nicking occurs only about once per molecule, denaturing the double stranded DNA, renaturing the DNA to form double stranded DNA which can include sense/antisense pairs from different nicked products, removing single stranded portions from reformed duplexes by treatment with S1 nuclease, and ligating the resulting fragment library into an expression vector. By this method, an expression library can be derived which encodes N-terminal and internal fragments of various sizes of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein.

[0184] Several techniques are known in the art for screening gene products of combinatorial libraries made by point mutations or truncation, and for screening cDNA libraries for gene products having a selected property. Such techniques are adaptable for rapid screening of the gene libraries generated by the combinatorial mutagenesis of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 proteins. The most widely used techniques, which are amenable to high through-put analysis, for screening large gene libraries typically include cloning the gene library into replicable expression vectors, transforming appropriate cells with the resulting library of vectors, and expressing the combinatorial genes under conditions in which detection of a desired activity facilitates isolation of the vector encoding the gene whose product was detected. Recursive ensemble mutagenesis (REM), a technique which enhances the frequency of functional mutants in the libraries, can be used in combination with the screening assays to identify CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 variants (Arkin and Yourvan (1992) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:7811-7815; Delgrave et al. (1993) Protein Engineering 6(3):327-331).

[0185] An isolated CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein, or a portion or fragment thereof, can be used as an immunogen to generate antibodies that bind CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 using standard techniques for polyclonal and monoclonal antibody preparation. The full-length CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein can be used or, alternatively, the invention provides antigenic peptide fragments of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 for use as immunogens. The antigenic peptide of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 comprises at least 8 (preferably 10, 15, 20, or 30) amino acid residues of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:8, SEQ ID NO:26, SEQ ID NO:39, SEQ ID NO:41, SEQ ID NO:43, SEQ ID NO:49, SEQ ID NO:52, SEQ ID NO:55, or SEQ ID NO:61 or polypeptides including amino acids 128-139 or 287-298 of human CARD-4L and encompasses an epitope of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 such that an antibody raised against the peptide forms a specific immune complex with CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6.

[0186] Useful antibodies include antibodies which bind to a domain or subdomain of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 described herein (e.g., a kinase domain, a CARD domain, or a leucine-rich domain).

[0187] Preferred epitopes encompassed by the antigenic peptide are regions of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 that are located on the surface of the protein, e.g., hydrophilic regions. Other important criteria include a preference for a terminal sequence, high antigenic index (e.g., as predicted by Jameson-Wolf algorithm), ease of peptide synthesis (e.g., avoidance of prolines); and high surface probability (e.g., as predicted by the Emini algorithm; FIG. 8 and FIG. 9).

[0188] A CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 immunogen typically is used to prepare antibodies by immunizing a suitable subject, (e.g., rabbit, goat, mouse or other mammal) with the immunogen. An appropriate immunogenic preparation can contain, for example, recombinantly expressed CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein or a chemically synthesized CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 polypeptide. The preparation can further include an adjuvant, such as Freund's complete or incomplete adjuvant, or similar immunostimulatory agent. Immunization of a suitable subject with an immunogenic CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 preparation induces a polyclonal anti-CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 antibody response. For example, polypeptides including amino acids 128-139 or 287-298 of human CARD-4L were conjugated to KLH and the resulting conjugates were used to immunize rabbits and polyclonal antibodies that specifically recognize the two immunogen peptides were generated.

[0189] Accordingly, another aspect of the invention pertains to anti-CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 antibodies. The term “antibody” as used herein refers to immunoglobulin molecules and immunologically active portions of immunoglobulin molecules, i.e., molecules that contain an antigen binding site which specifically binds an antigen, such as CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6. A molecule which specifically binds to CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 is a molecule which binds CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6, but does not substantially bind other molecules in a sample, e.g., a biological sample, which naturally contains CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6. Examples of immunologically active portions of immunoglobulin molecules include F(ab) and F(ab′)2 fragments which can be generated by treating the antibody with an enzyme such as pepsin. The invention provides polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies that bind CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6. The term “monoclonal antibody” or “monoclonal antibody composition”, as used herein, refers to a population of antibody molecules that contain only one species of an antigen binding site capable of immunoreacting with a particular epitope of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6. A monoclonal antibody composition thus typically displays a single binding affinity for a particular CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein with which it immunoreacts.

[0190] Polyclonal anti-CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 antibodies can be prepared as described above by immunizing a suitable subject with a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 immunogen. The anti-CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 antibody titer in the immunized subject can be monitored over time by standard techniques, such as with an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using immobilized CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6. If desired, the antibody molecules directed against CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 can be isolated from the mammal (e.g., from the blood) and further purified by well-known techniques, such as protein A chromatography to obtain the IgG fraction. At an appropriate time after immunization, e.g., when the anti-CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-S, or CARD-6 antibody titers are highest, antibody-producing cells can be obtained from the subject and used to prepare monoclonal antibodies by standard techniques, such as the hybridoma technique originally described by Kohler and Milstein (1975) Nature 256:495-497, the human B cell hybridoma technique (Kozbor et al. (1983) Immunol Today 4:72), the EBV-hybridoma technique (Cole et al. (1985), Monoclonal Antibodies and Cancer Therapy, Alan R. Liss, Inc., pp. 77-96) or trioma techniques. The technology for producing various antibodies monoclonal antibody hybridomas is well known (see generally Current Protocols in Immunology (1994) Coligan et al. (eds.) John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, N.Y.). Briefly, an immortal cell line (typically a myeloma) is fused to lymphocytes (typically splenocytes) from a mammal immunized with a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 immunogen as described above, and the culture supernatants of the resulting hybridoma cells are screened to identify a hybridoma producing a monoclonal antibody that binds CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6.

[0191] Any of the many well known protocols used for fusing lymphocytes and immortalized cell lines can be applied for the purpose of generating an anti-CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 monoclonal antibody (see, e.g., Current Protocols in Immunology, supra; Galfre et al. (1977) Nature 266:55052; R. H. Kenneth, in Monoclonal Antibodies: A New Dimension In Biological Analyses, Plenum Publishing Corp., New York, N.Y. (1980); and Lerner (1981) Yale J. Biol. Med., 54:387-402). Moreover, the ordinarily skilled worker will appreciate that there are many variations of such methods Display Kit, Catalog No. 240612). Additionally, examples of methods and reagents particularly amenable for use in generating and screening antibody display library can be found in, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,223,409; PCT Publication No. WO 92/18619; PCT Publication No. WO 91/17271; PCT Publication No. WO 92/20791; PCT Publication No. WO 92/15679; PCT Publication No. WO 93/01288; PCT Publication No. WO 92/01047; PCT Publication No. WO 92/09690; PCT Publication No. WO 90/02809; Fuchs et al. (1991) Bio/Technology 9:1370-1372; Hay et al. (1992) Hum. Antibod. Hybridomas 3:81-85; Huse et al. (1989) Science 246:1275-1281; Griffiths et al. (1993) EMBO J. 12:725-734.

[0192] Additionally, recombinant anti-CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 antibodies, such as chimeric and humanized monoclonal antibodies, comprising both human and non-human portions, which can be made using standard recombinant DNA techniques, are within the scope of the invention. Such chimeric and humanized monoclonal antibodies can be produced by recombinant DNA techniques known in the art, for example using methods described in PCT Publication No. WO 87/02671; European Patent Application 184,187; European Patent Application 171,496; European Patent Application 173,494; PCT Publication No. WO 86/01533; U.S. Pat. No. 4,816,567; European Patent Application 125,023; Better et al. (1988) Science 240:1041-1043; Liu et al. (1987) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:3439-3443; Liu et al. (1987) J. Immunol. 139:3521-3526; Sun et al. (1987) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:214-218; Nishimura et al. (1987) Canc. Res. 47:999-1005; Wood et al. (1985) Nature 314:446-449; and Shaw et al. (1988) J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 80:1553-1559); Morrison, (1985) Science 229:1202-1207; Oi et al. (1986) Bio/Techniques 4:214; U.S. Pat. No. 5,225,539; Jones et al. (1986) Nature 321:552-525; Verhoeyan et al. (1988) Science 239:1534; and Beidler et al. (1988) J. Immunol. 141:4053-4060.

[0193] An anti-CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 antibody (e.g., monoclonal antibody) can be used to isolate CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 by standard techniques, such as affinity chromatography or immunoprecipitation. An anti-CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 antibody can facilitate the purification of natural CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 from cells and of recombinantly produced CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 expressed in host cells. Moreover, an anti-CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 antibody can be used to detect CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein (e.g., in a cellular lysate or cell supernatant) in order to evaluate the abundance and pattern of expression of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein. Anti-CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 antibodies can be used diagnostically to monitor protein levels in tissue as part of a clinical testing procedure, e.g., to, for example, determine the efficacy of a given treatment regimen. Detection can be facilitated by coupling the antibody to a detectable substance. Examples of detectable substances include various enzymes, prosthetic groups, fluorescent materials, luminescent materials, bioluminescent materials, and radioactive materials. Examples of suitable enzymes include horseradish peroxidase, alkaline phosphatase, β-galactosidase, or acetylcholinesterase; examples of suitable prosthetic group complexes include streptavidin/biotin and avidin/biotin; examples of suitable fluorescent materials include umbelliferone, fluorescein, fluorescein isothiocyanate, rhodamine, dichlorotriazinylamine fluorescein, dansyl chloride or phycoerythrin; an example of a luminescent material includes luminol; examples of bioluminescent materials include luciferase, luciferin, and aequorin, and examples of suitable radioactive material include ¹²⁵I, ¹³¹I, ³⁵S or ³H.

[0194] III. Recombinant Expression Vectors and Host Cells

[0195] Another aspect of the invention pertains to vectors, preferably expression vectors, containing a nucleic acid encoding CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 (or a portion thereof). As used herein, the term “vector” refers to a nucleic acid molecule capable of transporting another nucleic acid to which it has been linked. One type of vector is a “plasmid”, which refers to a circular double stranded DNA loop into which additional DNA segments can be ligated. Another type of vector is a viral vector, wherein additional DNA segments can be ligated into the viral genome. Certain vectors are capable of autonomous replication in a host cell into which they are introduced (e.g., bacterial vectors having a bacterial origin of replication and episomal mammalian vectors). Other vectors (e.g., non-episomal mammalian vectors) are integrated into the genome of a host cell upon introduction into the host cell, and thereby are replicated along with the host genome. Moreover, certain vectors, expression vectors, are capable of directing the expression of genes to which they are operatively linked. In general, expression vectors of utility in recombinant DNA techniques are often in the form of plasmids (vectors). However, the invention is intended to include such other forms of expression vectors, such as viral vectors (e.g., replication defective retroviruses, adenoviruses and adeno-associated viruses), which serve equivalent functions.

[0196] The recombinant expression vectors of the invention comprise a nucleic acid of the invention in a form suitable for expression of the nucleic acid in a host cell, which means that the recombinant expression vectors include one or more regulatory sequences, selected on the basis of the host cells to be used for expression, which is operatively linked to the nucleic acid sequence to be expressed. Within a recombinant expression vector, “operably linked” is intended to mean that the nucleotide sequence of interest is linked to the regulatory sequence(s) in a manner which allows for expression of the nucleotide sequence (e.g., in an in vitro transcription/translation system or in a host cell when the vector is introduced into the host cell). The term “regulatory sequence” is intended to include promoters, enhancers and other expression control elements (e.g., polyadenylation signals). Such regulatory sequences are described, for example, in Goeddel; Gene Expression Technology: Methods in Enzymology 185, Academic Press, San Diego, Calif. (1990). Regulatory sequences include those which direct constitutive expression of a nucleotide sequence in many types of host cell and those which direct expression of the nucleotide sequence only in certain host cells (e.g., tissue-specific regulatory sequences). It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the design of the expression vector can depend on such factors as the choice of the host cell to be transformed, the level of expression of protein desired, etc. The expression vectors of the invention can be introduced into host cells to thereby produce proteins or peptides, including fusion proteins or peptides, encoded by nucleic acids as described herein (e.g., CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 proteins, mutant forms of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6, fusion proteins, etc.).

[0197] The recombinant expression vectors of the invention can be designed for expression of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 in prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells, e.g., bacterial cells such as E. coli, insect cells (using baculovirus expression vectors) yeast cells or mammalian cells. Suitable host cells are discussed further in Goeddel, Gene Expression Technology: Methods in Enzymology 185, Academic Press, San Diego, Calif. (1990). Alternatively, the recombinant expression vector can be transcribed and translated in vitro, for example using T7 promoter regulatory sequences and T7 polymerase.

[0198] Expression of proteins in prokaryotes is most often carried out in E. coli with vectors containing constitutive or inducible promoters directing the expression of either fusion or non-fusion proteins. Fusion vectors add a number of amino acids to a protein encoded therein, usually to the amino terminus of the recombinant protein. Such fusion vectors typically serve three purposes: 1) to increase expression of recombinant protein; 2) to increase the solubility of the recombinant protein; and 3) to aid in the purification of the recombinant protein by acting as a ligand in affinity purification. Often, in fusion expression vectors, a proteolytic cleavage site is introduced at the junction of the fusion moiety and the recombinant protein to enable separation of the recombinant protein from the fusion moiety subsequent to purification of the fusion protein. Such enzymes, and their cognate recognition sequences, include Factor Xa, thrombin and enterokinase. Typical fusion expression vectors include pGEX (Pharmacia Biotech Inc; Smith and Johnson (1988) Gene 67:31-40), pMAL (New England Biolabs, Beverly, Mass.) and pRIT5 (Pharmacia, Piscataway, N.J.) which fuse glutathione S-transferase (GST), maltose E binding protein, or protein A, respectively, to the target recombinant protein.

[0199] Examples of suitable inducible non-fusion E. coli expression vectors include pTrc (Amann et al., (1988) Gene 69:301-315) and pET 11d (Studier et al., Gene Expression Technology: Methods in Enzymology 185, Academic Press, San Diego, Calif. (1990) 60-89). Target gene expression from the pTrc vector relies on host RNA polymerase transcription from a hybrid trp-lac fusion promoter. Target gene expression from the pET 11d vector relies on transcription from a T7 gn10-lac fusion promoter mediated by a coexpressed viral RNA polymerase (T7 gn1). This viral polymerase is supplied by host strains BL21(DE3) or HMS174(DE3) from a resident λ prophage harboring a T7 gn1 gene under the transcriptional control of the lacUV5 promoter.

[0200] One strategy to maximize recombinant protein expression in E. coli is to express the protein in a host bacteria with an impaired capacity to proteolytically cleave the recombinant protein (Gottesman, Gene Expression Technology: Methods in Enzymology 185, Academic Press, San Diego, Calif. (1990) 119-128). Another strategy is to alter the nucleic acid sequence of the nucleic acid to be inserted into an expression vector so that the individual codons for each amino acid are those preferentially utilized in E. coli (Wada et al. (1992) Nucleic Acids Res. 20:2111-2118). Such alteration of nucleic acid sequences of the invention can be carried out by standard DNA synthesis techniques.

[0201] In another embodiment, the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 expression vector is a yeast expression vector. Examples of vectors for expression in yeast S. cerivisae include pYepSec1 (Baldari et al. (1987) EMBO J. 6:229-234), pMFa (Kurjan and Herskowitz, (1982) Cell 30:933-943), pJRY88 (Schultz et al. (1987) Gene 54:113-123), pYES2 (Invitrogen Corporation, San Diego, Calif.), pGBT9 (Clontech, Palo Alto, Calif.), pGAD10 (Clontech, Palo Alto, Calif.), pYADE4 and pYGAE2 and pYPGE2 (Brunelli and Pall, (1993) Yeast 9:1299-1308), pYPGE15 (Brunelli and Pall, (1993) Yeast 9:1309-1318), pACTII (Dr. S. E. Elledge, Baylor College of Medicine), and picZ (InVitrogen Corp, San Diego, Calif.). For example, in Example 7 the expression of a fusion protein comprising amino acids 1-145 of human CARD-4L fused to the DNA-binding domain of S. cerevisiae transcription factor GAL4 from the yeast expression vector pGBT9 is described. In another example, Example 8 describes the expression of a fusion protein comprising amino acids 406-953 of human CARD-4L fused to the DNA-binding domain of S. cerevisiae transcription factor GAL4 from the yeast expression vector pGBT9. In yet another example, Example 7 describes the expression of a fusion protein comprising CARD-3 fused to the transcriptional activation domain of S. cerevisiae transcription factor GAL4 from the yeast expression vector pACTII.

[0202] Alternatively, CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 can be expressed in insect cells using baculovirus expression vectors. Baculovirus vectors available for expression of proteins in cultured insect cells (e.g., Sf 9 cells) include the pAc series (Smith et al. (1983) Mol. Cell Biol. 3:2156-2165) and the pVL series (Lucklow and Summers (1989) Virology 170:31-39).

[0203] In yet another embodiment, a nucleic acid of the invention is expressed in mammalian cells using a mammalian expression vector. Examples of mammalian expression vectors include pCDM8 (Seed (1987) Nature 329:840), pCI (Promega), and pMT2PC (Kaufman et al. (1987) EMBO J. 6:187-195). When used in mammalian cells, the expression vector's control functions are often provided by viral regulatory elements. For example, commonly used promoters are derived from polyoma, Adenovirus 2, cytomegalovirus and Simian Virus 40. For other suitable expression systems for both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells see chapters 16 and 17 of Sambrook et al. (supra). For example, Example 9, Example 10, and Example 12 describe the expression of human CARD-4 or fragments therof, CARD-3, or both from the mammalian expression vector pCI.

[0204] In another embodiment, the recombinant mammalian expression vector is capable of directing expression of the nucleic acid preferentially in a particular cell type (e.g., tissue-specific regulatory elements are used to express the nucleic acid). Tissue-specific regulatory elements are known in the art. Non-limiting examples of suitable tissue-specific promoters include the albumin promoter (liver-specific; Pinkert et al. (1987) Genes Dev. 1:268-277), lymphoid-specific promoters (Calame and Eaton (1988) Adv. Immunol. 43:235-275), in particular promoters of T cell receptors (Winoto and Baltimore (1989) EMBO J. 8:729-733) and immunoglobulins (Banerji et al. (1983) Cell 33:729-740; Queen and Baltimore (1983) Cell 33:741-748), neuron-specific promoters (e.g., the neurofilament promoter; Byrne and Ruddle (1989) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86:5473-5477), pancreas-specific promoters (Edlund et al. (1985) Science 230:912-916), and mammary gland-specific promoters (e.g., milk whey promoter; U.S. Pat. No. 4,873,316 and European Application Publication No. 264,166). Developmentally-regulated promoters are also encompassed, for example the murine hox promoters (Kessel and Gruss (1990) Science 249:374-379) and the α-fetoprotein promoter (Campes and Tilghman (1989) Genes Dev. 3:537-546).

[0205] The invention further provides a recombinant expression vector comprising a DNA molecule of the invention cloned into the expression vector in an antisense orientation. That is, the DNA molecule is operatively linked to a regulatory sequence in a manner which allows for expression (by transcription of the DNA molecule) of an RNA molecule which is antisense to CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 mRNA. Regulatory sequences operatively linked to a nucleic acid cloned in the antisense orientation can be chosen which direct the continuous expression of the antisense RNA molecule in a variety of cell types, for instance viral promoters and/or enhancers, or regulatory sequences can be chosen which direct constitutive, tissue specific or cell type specific expression of antisense RNA. The antisense expression vector can be in the form of a recombinant plasmid, phagemid or attenuated virus in which antisense nucleic acids are produced under the control of a high efficiency regulatory region, the activity of which can be determined by the cell type into which the vector is introduced. For a discussion of the regulation of gene expression using antisense genes see Weintraub et al. (Reviews—Trends in Genetics, Vol. 1(1) 1986).

[0206] Another aspect of the invention pertains to host cells into which a recombinant expression vector of the invention or isolated nucleic acid molecule of the invention has been introduced. The terms “host cell” and “recombinant host cell” are used interchangeably herein. It is understood that such terms refer not only to the particular subject cell but to the progeny or potential progeny of such a cell. Because certain modifications may occur in succeeding generations due to either mutation or environmental influences, such progeny may not, in fact, be identical to the parent cell, but are still included within the scope of the term as used herein.

[0207] A host cell can be any prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell. For example, CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-S, or CARD-6 protein can be expressed in bacterial cells such as E. coli, insect cells, yeast or mammalian cells (such as Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO) or COS cells). Other suitable host cells are known to those skilled in the art. For example, in Example 7 a Saccharomyces cerevisiae host cell for recombinant CARD-4 and CARD-3 expression is described, and in Examples 9, 10, and 12, a 293T host cells for expression of CARD-4 or fragments thereof or CARD-3 are described.

[0208] Vector DNA or an isolated nucleic acid molecule of the invention can be introduced into prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells via conventional transformation or transfection techniques. As used herein, the terms “transformation” and “transfection” are intended to refer to a variety of art-recognized techniques for introducing foreign nucleic acid (e.g., DNA) into a host cell, including calcium phosphate or calcium chloride co-precipitation, DEAE-dextran-mediated transfection, lipofection, or electroporation. Suitable methods for transforming or transfecting host cells can be found in Sambrook, et al. (supra), and other laboratory manuals.

[0209] For stable transfection of mammalian cells, it is known that, depending upon the expression vector and transfection technique used, only a small fraction of cells may integrate the foreign DNA into their genome. In some cases vector DNA is retained by the host cell. In other cases the host cell does not retain vector DNA and retains only an isolated nucleic acid molecule of the invention carried by the vector. In some cases, and isolated nucleic acid molecule of the invention is used to transform a cell without the use of a vector.

[0210] In order to identify and select these integrants, a gene that encodes a selectable marker (e.g., resistance to antibiotics) is generally introduced into the host cells along with the gene of interest. Preferred selectable markers include those which confer resistance to drugs, such as G418, hygromycin and methotrexate. Nucleic acid encoding a selectable marker can be introduced into a host cell on the same vector as that encoding CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 or can be introduced on a separate vector. Cells stably transfected with the introduced nucleic acid can be identified by drug selection (e.g., cells that have incorporated the selectable marker gene will survive, while the other cells die).

[0211] A host cell of the invention, such as a prokaryotic or eukaryotic host cell in culture, can be used to produce (i.e., express) a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein. Accordingly, the invention further provides methods for producing CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein using the host cells of the invention. In one embodiment, the method comprises culturing the host cell of the invention (into which a recombinant expression vector or isolated nucleic acid molecule encoding CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 has been introduced) in a suitable medium such that CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein is produced. In another embodiment, the method further comprises isolating CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 from the medium or the host cell.

[0212] The host cells of the invention can also be used to produce nonhuman transgenic animals. For example, in one embodiment, a host cell of the invention is a fertilized oocyte or an embryonic stem cell into which CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6-coding sequences have been introduced. Such host cells can then be used to create non-human transgenic animals in which exogenous CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 sequences have been introduced into their genome or homologous recombinant animals in which endogenous CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 sequences have been altered. Such animals are useful for studying the function and/or activity of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 and for identifying and/or evaluating modulators of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 activity. As used herein, a “transgenic animal” is a non-human animal, preferably a mammal, more preferably a rodent such as a rat or mouse, in which one or more of the cells of the animal includes a transgene. Other examples of transgenic animals include non-human primates, sheep, dogs, cows, goats, chickens, amphibians, etc. A transgene is exogenous DNA which is integrated into the genome of a cell from which a transgenic animal develops and which remains in the genome of the mature animal, thereby directing the expression of an encoded gene product in one or more cell types or tissues of the transgenic animal. As used herein, an “homologous recombinant animal” is a non-human animal, preferably a mammal, more preferably a mouse, in which an endogenous CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene has been altered by homologous recombination between the endogenous gene and an exogenous DNA molecule introduced into a cell of the animal, e.g., an embryonic cell of the animal, prior to development of the animal.

[0213] A transgenic animal of the invention can be created by introducing CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6-encoding nucleic acid into the male pronuclei of a fertilized oocyte, e.g., by microinjection, retroviral infection, and allowing the oocyte to develop in a pseudopregnant female foster animal. The CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 cDNA sequence, e.g., that of SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:3, SEQ ID NO:7, SEQ ID NO:9, SEQ ID:25, SEQ ID NO:27, SEQ ID NO:38, SEQ ID NO:40, SEQ ID NO:42, SEQ ID NO:48, SEQ ID NO:50, SEQ ID NO:51, SEQ ID NO:53, SEQ ID NO:54, SEQ ID NO:56, SEQ ID NO:60, SEQ ID NO:62, or the cDNA of ATCC 203037, or the cDNA of ATCC 203035, or the cDNA of ATCC 203036, or the cDNA of ATCC PTA-211, the cDNA of ATCC PTA-212, or the cDNA of ATCC PTA-213) can be introduced as a transgene into the genome of a non-human animal. Alternatively, a nonhuman homolog or ortholog of the human CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-S, or CARD-6 gene, such as a mouse CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-S, or CARD-6 gene, can be isolated based on hybridization to the human CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-S, or CARD-6 cDNA and used as a transgene. For example, the mouse ortholog of CARD-4, FIG. 15 and SEQ ID NO:42 can be used to make a transgenic animal using standard methods. Intronic sequences and polyadenylation signals can also be included in the transgene to increase the efficiency of expression of the transgene. A tissue-specific regulatory sequence(s) can be operably linked to the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-S, or CARD-6 transgene to direct expression of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein to particular cells. Methods for generating transgenic animals via embryo manipulation and microinjection, particularly animals such as mice, have become conventional in the art and are described, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,736,866 and 4,870,009, 4,873,191 and in Hogan, Manipulating the Mouse Embryo, (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y., 1986). Similar methods are used for production of other transgenic animals. A transgenic founder animal can be identified based upon the presence of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-S, or CARD-6 transgene in its genome and/or expression of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 mRNA in tissues or cells of the animals. A transgenic founder animal can then be used to breed additional animals carrying the transgene. Moreover, transgenic animals carrying a transgene encoding CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 can further be bred to other transgenic animals carrying other transgenes.

[0214] To create an homologous recombinant animal, a vector is prepared which contains at least a portion of a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene (e.g., a human or a non-human homolog of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene, e.g., a murine CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene) into which a deletion, addition or substitution has been introduced to thereby alter, e.g., functionally disrupt, the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene. In an embodiment, the vector is designed such that, upon homologous recombination, the endogenous CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene is functionally disrupted (i.e., no longer encodes a functional protein; also referred to as a “knock out” vector). Alternatively, the vector can be designed such that, upon homologous recombination, the endogenous CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene is mutated or otherwise altered but still encodes functional protein (e.g., the upstream regulatory region can be altered to thereby alter the expression of the endogenous CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein). In the homologous recombination vector, the altered portion of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene is flanked at its 5′ and 3′ ends by additional nucleic acid of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene to allow for homologous recombination to occur between the exogenous CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene carried by the vector and an endogenous CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene in an embryonic stem cell. The additional flanking CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 nucleic acid is of sufficient length for successful homologous recombination with the endogenous gene. Typically, several kilobases of flanking DNA (both at the 5′ and 3′ ends) are included in the vector (see, e.g., Thomas and Capecchi (1987) Cell 51:503 for a description of homologous recombination vectors). The vector is introduced into an embryonic stem cell line (e.g., by electroporation) and cells in which the introduced CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene has homologously recombined with the endogenous CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene are selected (see, e.g., Li et al. (1992) Cell 69:915). The selected cells are then injected into a blastocyst of an animal (e.g., a mouse) to form aggregation chimeras (see, e.g., Bradley in Teratocarcinomas and Embryonic Stem Cells: A Practical Approach, Robertson, ed. (IRL, Oxford, 1987) pp. 113-152). A chimeric embryo can then be implanted into a suitable pseudopregnant female foster animal and the embryo brought to term. Progeny harboring the homologously recombined DNA in their germ cells can be used to breed animals in which all cells of the animal contain the homologously recombined DNA by germline transmission of the transgene. Methods for constructing homologous recombination vectors and homologous recombinant animals are described further in Bradley (1991) Current Opinion in Bio/Technology 2:823-829 and in PCT Publication Nos. WO 90/11354, WO 91/01140, WO 92/0968, and WO 93/04169.

[0215] In another embodiment, transgenic non-humans animals can be produced which contain selected systems which allow for regulated expression of the transgene. One example of such a system is the cre/loxP recombinase system of bacteriophage P1. For a description of the cre/loxP recombinase system, see, e.g., Lakso et al. (1992) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:6232-6236. Another example of a recombinase system is the FLP recombinase system of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (O'Gorman et al. (1991) Science 251:1351-1355. If a cre/loxP recombinase system is used to regulate expression of the transgene, animals containing transgenes encoding both the Cre recombinase and a selected protein are required. Such animals can be provided through the construction of “double” transgenic animals, e.g., by mating two transgenic animals, one containing a transgene encoding a selected protein and the other containing a transgene encoding a recombinase.

[0216] Clones of the non-human transgenic animals described herein can also be produced according to the methods described in Wilmut et al. (1997) Nature 385:810-813 and PCT Publication Nos. WO 97/07668 and WO 97/07669. In brief, a cell, e.g., a somatic cell, from the transgenic animal can be isolated and induced to exit the growth cycle and enter Go phase. The quiescent cell can then be fused, e.g., through the use of electrical pulses, to an enucleated oocyte from an animal of the same species from which the quiescent cell is isolated. The reconstructed oocyte is then cultured such that it develops to morula or blastocyte and then transferred to pseudopregnant female foster animal. The offspring borne of this female foster animal will be a clone of the animal from which the cell, e.g., the somatic cell, is isolated.

[0217] IV. Pharmaceutical Compositions

[0218] The CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 nucleic acid molecules, CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 proteins, and anti-CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 antibodies (also referred to herein as “active compounds”) of the invention can be incorporated into pharmaceutical compositions suitable for administration. Such compositions typically comprise the nucleic acid molecule, protein, or antibody and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. As used herein the language “pharmaceutically acceptable carrier” is intended to include any and all solvents, dispersion media, coatings, antibacterial and antifungal agents, isotonic and absorption delaying agents, and the like, compatible with pharmaceutical administration. The use of such media and agents for pharmaceutically active substances is well known in the art. Except insofar as any conventional media or agent is incompatible with the active compound, use thereof in the compositions is contemplated. Supplementary active compounds can also be incorporated into the compositions.

[0219] The invention includes methods for preparing pharmaceutical compositions for modulating the expression or activity of a polypeptide or nucleic acid of the invention. Such methods comprise formulating a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier with an agent which modulates expression or activity of a polypeptide or nucleic acid of the invention. Such compositions can further include additional active agents. Thus, the invention further includes methods for preparing a pharmaceutical composition by formulating a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier with an agent which modulates expression or activity of a polypeptide or nucleic acid of the invention and one or more addtional active compounds.

[0220] The agent which modulates expressioon or activity may, for example, be a small molecule. For example, such small molecules include peptides, peptidomimetics, amino acids, amino acid analogs, polynucleotides, polynucleotide analogs, nucleotides, nucleotide analogs, organic or inorganic compounds (i.e., including heteroorganic and organometallic compounds) having a molecular weight less than about 10,000 grams per mole, organic or inorganic compounds having a molecular weight les than about 5,000 grams per mole, organic or inorganic compounds having a molecular weight less than about 1,000 grams per mole, organic or inorganic compounds having a molecular weight less than about 500 grams per mole, and salts, esters, and other pharmaceutically acceptable forms of such compounds. It is understood that appropriate doses of small molecule agents depends upon a number of factors within the ken of the ordinarily skilled physician, veterinarian, or researcher. The dose(s) of the small molecule will vary, for example, depending upon the identity, size, and condition of the subject or sample being treated, further depending upon the route by which the composition is to be administered, if applicable, and the effect which the practitioner desires the small molecule to have upon the nucleic acid or polypeptide of the invention. Exemplary doses include milligram or microgram amounts of the small molecule per kilogram of subject or sample weight (e.g., about 1 microgram per kilogram to about 500 milligrams per kilogram, about 100 micrograms per kilogram to about 5 milligrams per kilogram, or about 1 microgram per kilogram to about 50 micrograms per kilogram. It is furthermore understood that appropriate doses of a small molecule depend upon the potency of the small molecule with respect to the expression or activity to modulated. Such appropriate doses may be determined using the assays described herein. When one or more of these small moleucles is to be administerd to an animal (e.g., a human) in order to modulate expression or activity of a polypeptide or nucleic acid of the invention, a physician, veterinarian, or researcher may, for example, prescribe a relatively low dose at first, subsequently increasing the dose until an appropriate response is obtained. In addition, it is understood that the specific dose level for any particular subject will depend upon a variety of factors including the activity of the specific compound employed, the age, body weight, general health, gender, and diet of the subject, the time of administration, the route of administration, the rate of excretion, any drug combination, and the degree of expression or activity to be modulated.

[0221] A pharmaceutical composition of the invention is formulated to be compatible with its intended route of administration. Examples of routes of administration include parenteral, e.g., intravenous, intradermal, subcutaneous, oral (e.g., inhalation), transdermal (topical), transmucosal, and rectal administration. Solutions or suspensions used for parenteral, intradermal, or subcutaneous application can include the following components: a sterile diluent such as water for injection, saline solution, fixed oils, polyethylene glycols, glycerine, propylene glycol or other synthetic solvents; antibacterial agents such as benzyl alcohol or methyl parabens; antioxidants such as ascorbic acid or sodium bisulfite; chelating agents such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; buffers such as acetates, citrates or phosphates and agents for the adjustment of tonicity such as sodium chloride or dextrose. pH can be adjusted with acids or bases, such as hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide. The parenteral preparation can be enclosed in ampoules, disposable syringes or multiple dose vials made of glass or plastic.

[0222] Pharmaceutical compositions suitable for injectable use include sterile aqueous solutions (where water soluble) or dispersions and sterile powders for the extemporaneous preparation of sterile injectable solutions or dispersion. For intravenous administration, suitable carriers include physiological saline, bacteriostatic water, Cremophor EL? (BASF; Parsippany, N.J.) or phosphate buffered saline (PBS). In all cases, the composition must be sterile and should be fluid to the extent that easy syringability exists. It must be stable under the conditions of manufacture and storage and must be preserved against the contaminating action of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. The carrier can be a solvent or dispersion medium containing, for example, water, ethanol, polyol (for example, glycerol, propylene glycol, and liquid polyetheylene glycol, and the like), and suitable mixtures thereof. The proper fluidity can be maintained, for example, by the use of a coating such as lecithin, by the maintenance of the required particle size in the case of dispersion and by the use of surfactants. Prevention of the action of microorganisms can be achieved by various antibacterial and antifungal agents, for example, parabens, chlorobutanol, phenol, ascorbic acid, thimerosal, and the like. In many cases, it will be preferable to include isotonic agents, for example, sugars, polyalcohols such as mannitol, sorbitol, sodium chloride in the composition. Prolonged absorption of the injectable compositions can be brought about by including in the composition an agent which delays absorption, for example, aluminum monostearate and gelatin.

[0223] Sterile injectable solutions can be prepared by incorporating the active compound (e.g., a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein or anti-CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 antibody) in the required amount in an appropriate solvent with one or a combination of ingredients enumerated above, as required, followed by filtered sterilization. Generally, dispersions are prepared by incorporating the active compound into a sterile vehicle which contains a basic dispersion medium and the required other ingredients from those enumerated above. In the case of sterile powders for the preparation of sterile injectable solutions, the preferred methods of preparation are vacuum drying and freeze-drying which yields a powder of the active ingredient plus any additional desired ingredient from a previously sterile-filtered solution thereof.

[0224] Oral compositions generally include an inert diluent or an edible carrier. They can be enclosed in gelatin capsules or compressed into tablets. For the purpose of oral therapeutic administration, the active compound can be incorporated with excipients and used in the form of tablets, troches, or capsules. Oral compositions can also be prepared using a fluid carrier for use as a mouthwash, wherein the compound in the fluid carrier is applied orally and swished and expectorated or swallowed. Pharmaceutically compatible binding agents, and/or adjuvant materials can be included as part of the composition. The tablets, pills, capsules, troches and the like can contain any of the following ingredients, or compounds of a similar nature: a binder such as microcrystalline cellulose, gum tragacanth or gelatin; an excipient such as starch or lactose, a disintegrating agent such as alginic acid, Primogel, or corn starch; a lubricant such as magnesium stearate or Sterotes; a glidant such as colloidal silicon dioxide; a sweetening agent such as sucrose or saccharin; or a flavoring agent such as peppermint, methyl salicylate, or orange flavoring. For administration by inhalation, the compounds are delivered in the form of an aerosol spray from pressured container or dispenser which contains a suitable propellant, e.g., a gas such as carbon dioxide, or a nebulizer.

[0225] Systemic administration can also be by transmucosal or transdermal means. For transmucosal or transdermal administration, penetrants appropriate to the barrier to be permeated are used in the formulation. Such penetrants are generally known in the art, and include, for example, for transmucosal administration, detergents, bile salts, and fusidic acid derivatives. Transmucosal administration can be accomplished through the use of nasal sprays or suppositories. For transdermal administration, the active compounds are formulated into ointments, salves, gels, or creams as generally known in the art.

[0226] The compounds can also be prepared in the form of suppositories (e.g., with conventional suppository bases such as cocoa butter and other glycerides) or retention enemas for rectal delivery.

[0227] In one embodiment, the active compounds are prepared with carriers that will protect the compound against rapid elimination from the body, such as a controlled release formulation, including implants and microencapsulated delivery systems. Biodegradable, biocompatible polymers can be used, such as ethylene vinyl acetate, polyanhydrides, polyglycolic acid, collagen, polyorthoesters, and polylactic acid. Methods for preparation of such formulations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The materials can also be obtained commercially from Alza Corporation and Nova Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Liposomal suspensions (including liposomes targeted to infected cells with monoclonal antibodies to viral antigens) can also be used as pharmaceutically acceptable carriers. These can be prepared according to methods known to those skilled in the art, for example, as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,522,811.

[0228] It is especially advantageous to formulate oral or parenteral compositions in dosage unit form for ease of administration and uniformity of dosage. Dosage unit form as used herein refers to physically discrete units suited as unitary dosages for the subject to be treated; each unit containing a predetermined quantity of active compound calculated to produce the desired therapeutic effect in association with the required pharmaceutical carrier. The specification for the dosage unit forms of the invention are dictated by and directly dependent on the unique characteristics of the active compound and the particular therapeutic effect to be achieved, and the limitations inherent in the art of compounding such an active compound for the treatment of individuals.

[0229] For antibodies, the preferred dosage is 0.1 mg/kg to 100 mg/kg of body weight (generally 10 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg). If the antibody is to act in the brain, a dosage of 50 mg/kg to 100 mg/kg is usually appropriate. Generally, partially human antibodies and fully human antibodies have a longer half-life within the human body than other antibodies. Accordingly, lower dosages and less frequent administration is often possible. Modifications such as lipidation can be used to stabilize antibodies and to enhance uptake and tissue penetration (e.g., into the brain). A method for lipidation of antibodies is described by Cruikshank et al. ((1997) J. Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology 14:193).

[0230] The nucleic acid molecules of the invention can be inserted into vectors and used as gene therapy vectors. Gene therapy vectors can be delivered to a subject by, for example, intravenous injection, local administration (U.S. Pat. No. 5,328,470) or by stereotactic injection (see, e.g., Chen et al. (1994) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:3054-3057). The pharmaceutical preparation of the gene therapy vector can include the gene therapy vector in an acceptable diluent, or can comprise a slow release matrix in which the gene delivery vehicle is imbedded. Alternatively, where the complete gene delivery vector can be produced intact from recombinant cells, e.g. retroviral vectors, the pharmaceutical preparation can include one or more cells which produce the gene delivery system.

[0231] The pharmaceutical compositions can be included in a container, pack, or dispenser together with instructions for administration.

[0232] V. Uses and Methods of the Invention

[0233] The nucleic acid molecules, proteins, protein homologues, and antibodies described herein can be used in one or more of the following methods: a) screening assays; b) detection assays (e.g., chromosomal mapping, tissue typing, forensic biology), c) predictive medicine (e.g., diagnostic assays, prognostic assays, monitoring clinical trials, and pharmacogenomics); and d) methods of treatment (e.g., therapeutic and prophylactic). A CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein interacts with other cellular proteins and can thus be used for (i) regulation of cellular proliferation; (ii) regulation of cellular differentiation; and (iii) regulation of cell survival. The isolated nucleic acid molecules of the invention can be used to express CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein (e.g., via a recombinant expression vector in a host cell in gene therapy applications), to detect CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 mRNA (e.g., in a biological sample) or a genetic lesion in a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene, and to modulate CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-S, or CARD-6 activity. In addition, the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 proteins can be used to screen drugs or compounds which modulate the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 activity or expression as well as to treat disorders characterized by insufficient or excessive production of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein or production of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein forms which have decreased or aberrant activity compared to CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 wild type protein. In addition, the anti-CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 antibodies of the invention can be used to detect and isolate CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 proteins and modulate CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 activity.

[0234] This invention further pertains to novel agents identified by the above-described screening assays and uses thereof for treatments as described herein.

[0235] A. Screening Assays

[0236] The invention provides a method (also referred to herein as a “screening assay”) for identifying modulators, i.e., candidate or test compounds or agents (e.g., peptides, peptidomimetics, small molecules or other drugs) which bind to CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 proteins or biologically active portions thereof or have a stimulatory or inhibitory effect on, for example, CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 expression or CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 activity. An example of a biologically active portion of human CARD-4 is amino acids 1-145 encoding the CARD domain which is sufficient to exhibit CARD-3-binding activity as described in Example 7. Amino acids 406-953 of human CARD-4L comprising the leucine rich repeat domain represent a biologically active portion of CARD-4L because they possess hNUDC-binding activity as described in Example 8. An example of a biologically active portion of human CARD-5 is amino acids 111-881 (SEQ ID NO:58) encoding the CARD domain.

[0237] Among the screening assays provided by the invention are screening to identify molecules that prevent the dimerization of a CARD-containing polypeptide of the invention, screening to identify molecules which block the binding of a CARD containing polypeptide to a CARD-containing polypeptide of the invention (e.g., CARD-4), screening to identify a competitive inhibitor of the binding of a nucleotide to the nucleotide binding site of a CARD-containing polypeptide of the invention, e.g., human CARD-4L, screening to identify compounds which block the interaction between the leucine-rich repeat of a CARD-containing polypeptide of the invention and a ligand which binds to the leucine-rich repeat.

[0238] For CARD-6 screening assays can be used to identify molecules which modulate a CARD-6 mediated increase in transcription of genes having an AP-1 OR nf-κB binding site. For example, expression of a reporter under the control of NF-κB (or AP-1) is measured in the presence and absence of a candidate molecule and in the presence and absence of CARD-6 to identify those molecules which alter expression of the reporter in a CARD-6 dependent manner. In addition, screening assays can be used to identify molecules which modulate a CARD-6 mediated increase in CHOP phosphorylation. For example, the expression of a reporter gene under the control of CHOP is measured in the presence and absence of a candidate small molecule and in the presence and absence of CARD-6 to identify those molecules which alter expression of the reporter in a CARD-6 dependent manner. A screening assay can be carried out to identify molecules which modulate the CARD-6 mediated increase in CHOP phosphorylation. For example, CHOP phosphorylation is measured in the presence and absence of a candidate molecule and in the presence and absence of CARD-6. Phosphorylation of CHOP can be measured using an antibody which binds to phosphorylated CHOP, but not to non-phosphorylated CHOP.

[0239] In one embodiment, the invention provides assays for screening candidate or test compounds which bind to or modulate the activity of a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 proteins or polypeptides or biologically active portions thereof. The test compounds of the present invention can be obtained using any of the numerous approaches in combinatorial library methods known in the art, including: biological libraries; spatially addressable parallel solid phase or solution phase libraries; synthetic library methods requiring deconvolution; the “one-bead one-compound” library method; and synthetic library methods using affinity chromatography selection. The biological library approach is limited to peptide libraries, while the other four approaches are applicable to peptide, non-peptide oligomer or small molecule libraries of compounds (Lam (1997) Anticancer Drug Des. 12:145). Examples of methods for the synthesis of molecular libraries can be found in the art, for example in: DeWitt et al. (1993) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90:6909; Erb et al. (1994) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:11422; Zuckermann et al. (1994). J. Med. Chem. 37:2678; Cho et al. (1993) Science 261:1303; Carrell et al. (1994) Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 33:2059; Carell et al. (1994) Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 33:2061; and Gallop et al. (1994) J. Med. Chem. 37:1233.

[0240] Libraries of compounds may be presented in solution (e.g., Houghten (1992) Bio/Techniques 13:412-421), or on beads (Lam (1991) Nature 354:82-84), chips (Fodor (1993) Nature 364:555-556), bacteria (U.S. Pat. No. 5,223,409), spores (U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,571,698; 5,403,484; and 5,223,409), plasmids (Cull et al. (1992) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:1865-1869) or on phage (Scott and Smith (1990) Science 249:386-390; Devlin (1990) Science 249:404-406; Cwirla et al. (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 87:6378-6382; and Felici (1991) J. Mol. Biol. 222:301-310).

[0241] Determining the ability of the test compound to modulate the activity of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 or a biologically active portion thereof can be accomplished, for example, by determining the ability of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein to bind to or interact with a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 target molecule. As used herein, a “target molecule” is a molecule with which a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein binds or interacts in nature, for example, a molecule associated with the internal surface of a cell membrane or a cytoplasmic molecule. A CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 target molecule can be a non-CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 molecule or a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-S, or CARD-6 protein or polypeptide of the present invention. In one embodiment, a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 target molecule is a component of an apoptotic signal transduction pathway, e.g., CARD-3 and CARD-4. The target, for example, can be a second intracellular protein which has catalytic activity or a protein which facilitates the association of downstream signaling molecules with CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6. In another embodiment, CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 target molecules include CARD-3 because CARD-3 was found to bind to CARD-4 (Examples 7 and 12) and hNUDC because hNUDC was found to bind to CARD-4 (Example 8).

[0242] Determining the ability of the test compound to modulate the activity of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 or a biologically active portion thereof can be accomplished, for example, by determining the ability of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein to bind to or interact with any of the specific proteins listed in the previous paragraph as CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 target molecules. In another embodiment, CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 target molecules include all proteins that bind to a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein or a fragment thereof in a two-hybrid system binding assay which can be used without undue experimentation to isolate such proteins from cDNA or genomic two-hybrid system libraries. For example, Example 7 describes the use of the CARD-4 CARD domain region to identify CARD-3 in a two-hybrid screen and Example 8 describes the use of the CARD-4 leucine rich repeat domain region to identify hNUDC in a two-hybrid screen. The binding assays described in this section can be cell-based or cell free (described subsequently).

[0243] Determining the ability of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein to bind to or interact with a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 target molecule can be accomplished by one of the methods described above for determining direct binding. In an embodiment, determining the ability of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein to bind to or interact with a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 target molecule can be accomplished by determining the activity of the target molecule. For example, the activity of the target molecule can be determined by detecting induction of a cellular second messenger of the target (e.g., intracellular Ca2+, diacylglycerol, IP3, etc.), detecting catalytic/enzymatic activity of the target on an appropriate substrate, detecting the induction of a reporter gene (e.g., a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6-responsive regulatory element operatively linked to a nucleic acid encoding a detectable marker, e.g. luciferase), or detecting a cellular response, for example, cell survival, cellular differentiation, or cell proliferation. For example, in Example 12 CARD-4 is shown to bind to CARD-3 and in Example 10, by monitoring a cellular response, CARD-4 is shown to enhance caspase 9 activity, cell death or apoptosis. Because CARD-3 and CARD-4 enhance caspase 9 activity, activity can be monitored by assaying the caspase 9-mediated apoptosis cellular response or caspase 9 enzymatic activity. In addition, and in another embodiment, genes induced by CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 expression can be identified by expressing CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 in a cell line and conducting a transcriptional profiling experiment wherein the mRNA expression patterns of the cell line transformed with an empty expression vector and the cell line transformed with a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 expression vector are compared. The promoters of genes induced by CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 expression can be operatively linked to reporter genes suitable for screening such as luciferase, secreted alkaline phosphatase, or beta-galactosidase and the resulting constructs could be introduced into appropriate expression vectors. A recombinant cell line containing CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 and transfected with an expression vector containing a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 responsive promoter operatively linked to a reporter gene can be used to identify test compounds that modulate CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 activity by assaying the expression of the reporter gene in response to contacting the recombinant cell line with test compounds. CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 agonists can be identified as increasing the expression of the reporter gene and CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 antagonists can be identified as decreasing the expression of the reporter gene.

[0244] In another embodiment of the invention, the ability of a test compound to modulate the activity of CARD-3, CARD-4, or biologically active portions thereof can be determined by assaying the ability of the test compound to modulate CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6-dependent pathways or processes where the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 target proteins that mediate the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 effect are known or unknown. Potential CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6-dependent pathways or processes include, but are not limited to, the modulation of cellular signal transduction pathways and their related second messenger molecules (e.g., intracellular Ca²+, diacylglycerol, IP3, cAMP etc.), cellular enzymatic activities, cellular responses (e.g., cell survival, cellular differentiation, or cell proliferation), or the induction or repression of cellular or heterologous mRNAs or proteins. CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6-dependent pathways or processes could be assayed by standard cell-based or cell free assays appropriate for the specific pathway or process under study. For example, Example 9 describes how expression of CARD-4S or CARD-4L in 293T cells induces the NF-κB pathway as determined by the measurement of a cotransfected NF-κB pathway luciferase reporter gene. In another embodiment, cells cotransfected with CARD-4 and the NF-κB luciferase reporter gene could be contacted with a test compound and test compounds that block CARD-4 activity could be identified by their reduction of CARD-4-dependent NF-κB pathway luciferase reporter gene expression. Test compounds that agonize CARD-4 would be expected to increase reporter gene expression. In another embodiment, CARD-4 could be expressed in a cell line and the recombinant CARD-4-expressing cell line could be contacted with a test compound. Test compounds that inhibit CARD-4 activity could be indentified by their reduction of CARD-4-depended NF-κB pathway stimulation as measured by the assay of a NF-κB pathway reporter gene, NF-κB nuclear localization, IκB phosphorylation or proteolysis, or other standard assays for NF-κB pathway activation known to those skilled in the art.

[0245] In yet another embodiment, an assay of the present invention is a cell-free assay comprising contacting a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein or biologically active portion thereof with a test compound and determining the ability of the test compound to bind to the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein or biologically active portion thereof. Binding of the test compound to the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein can be determined either directly or indirectly as described above. In one embodiment, a competitive binding assay includes contacting the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein or biologically active portion thereof with a compound known to bind CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 to form an assay mixture, contacting the assay mixture with a test compound, and determining the ability of the test compound to interact with a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein, wherein determining the ability of the test compound to interact with a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein comprises determining the ability of the test compound to preferentially bind to CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-S, or CARD-6 or biologically active portion thereof as compared to the known binding compound.

[0246] In another embodiment, an assay is a cell-free assay comprising contacting CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein or biologically active portion thereof with a test compound and determining the ability of the test compound to modulate (e.g., stimulate or inhibit) the activity of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein or biologically active portion thereof. Determining the ability of the test compound to modulate the activity of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 can be accomplished, for example, by determining the ability of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein to bind to a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 target molecule by one of the methods described above for determining direct binding. In an alternative embodiment, determining the ability of the test compound to modulate the activity of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 can be accomplished by determining the ability of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein to further modulate a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 target molecule. For example, the catalytic/enzymatic activity of the target molecule on an appropriate substrate can be determined as previously described.

[0247] In yet another embodiment, the cell-free assay comprises contacting the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein or biologically active portion thereof with a known compound which binds CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 to form an assay mixture, contacting the assay mixture with a test compound, and determining the ability of the test compound to interact with a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein, wherein determining the ability of the test compound to interact with a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein comprises determining the ability of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein to preferentially bind to or modulate the activity of a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 target molecule. The cell-free assays of the present invention are amenable to use of both the soluble form or the membrane-associated form of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6. A membrane-associated form of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 refers to CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 that interacts with a membrane-bound target molecule. In the case of cell-free assays comprising the membrane-associated form of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6, it may be desirable to utilize a solubilizing agent such that the membrane-associated form of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 is maintained in solution. Examples of such solubilizing agents include non-ionic detergents such as n-octylglucoside, n-dodecylglucoside, n-dodecylmaltoside, octanoyl-N-methylglucamide, decanoyl-N-methylglucamide, Triton® X-100, Triton® X-114, Thesit®, Isotridecypoly(ethylene glycol ether)n, 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylamminio]-1-propane sulfonate (CHAPS), 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylamminio]-2-hydroxy-1-propane sulfonate (CHAPSO), or N-dodecyl═N,N-dimethyl-3-ammonio-1-propane sulfonate.

[0248] In more than one embodiment of the above assay methods of the present invention, it may be desirable to immobilize either CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 or its target molecule to facilitate separation of complexed from uncomplexed forms of one or both of the proteins, as well as to accommodate automation of the assay. Binding of a test compound to CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6, or interaction of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 with a target molecule in the presence and absence of a candidate compound, can be accomplished in any vessel suitable for containing the reactants. Examples of such vessels include microtitre plates, test tubes, and micro-centrifuge tubes. In one embodiment, a fusion protein can be provided which adds a domain that allows one or both of the proteins to be bound to a matrix. For example, glutathione-S-transferase/CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 fusion proteins or glutathione-S-transferase/target fusion proteins can be adsorbed onto glutathione sepharose beads (Sigma Chemical; St. Louis, Mo.) or glutathione derivatized microtitre plates, which are then combined with the test compound or the test compound and either the non-adsorbed target protein or CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein, and the mixture incubated under conditions conducive to complex formation (e.g., at physiological conditions for salt and pH). Following incubation, the beads or microtitre plate wells are washed to remove any unbound components, the matrix immobilized in the case of beads, complex determined either directly or indirectly, for example, as described above. Alternatively, the complexes can be dissociated from the matrix, and the level of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 binding or activity determined using standard techniques. In an alternative embodiment, MYC or HA epitope tag CARD-3 or CARD-4 fusion proteins or MYC or HA epitope tag target fusion proteins can be adsorbed onto anti-MYC or anti-HA antibody coated microbeads or onto anti-MYC or anti-HA antibody coated microtitre plates, which are then combined with the test compound or the test compound and either the non-adsorbed target protein or CARD-3 or CARD-4 protein, and the mixture incubated under conditions conducive to complex formation (e.g., at physiological conditions for salt and pH). Following incubation, the beads or microtitre plate wells are washed to remove any unbound components, the matrix immobilized in the case of beads, complex determined either directly or indirectly, for example, as described above. Alternatively, the complexes can be dissociated from the matrix, and the level of CARD-3 or CARD-4 binding or activity determined using standard techniques. Example 12 describes an HA epitope tagged CARD-4 protein that physically interacts in a coimmunoprecipitation assay with MYC epitope tagged CARD-3. In an embodiment of the invention, HA epitope tagged CARD-4 could be used in combination with MYC epitope CARD-3 in the sort of protein-protein interaction assay described earlier in this paragraph.

[0249] Other techniques for immobilizing proteins on matrices-can also be used in the screening assays of the invention. For example, CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 or its target molecule can be immobilized utilizing conjugation of biotin and streptavidin. Biotinylated CARD-3 or CARD-4 or target molecules can be prepared from biotin-NHS (N-hydroxy-succinimide) using techniques well known in the art (e.g., biotinylation kit, Pierce Chemicals; Rockford, Ill.), and immobilized in the wells of streptavidin-coated 96 well plates (Pierce Chemical). Alternatively, antibodies reactive with CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, CARD-6 or target molecules but which do not interfere with binding of the protein to its target molecule can be derivatized to the wells of the plate, and unbound target or protein trapped in the wells by antibody conjugation. Methods for detecting such complexes, in addition to those described above for the GST-immobilized complexes and epitope tag immobilized complexes, include immunodetection of complexes using antibodies reactive with the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 or target molecule, as well as enzyme-linked assays which rely on detecting an enzymatic activity associated with the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, CARD-6 or target molecule.

[0250] In another embodiment, modulators of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 expression are identified in a method in which a cell is contacted with a candidate compound and the expression of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 promoter, mRNA or protein in the cell is determined. The level of expression of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 mRNA or protein in the presence of the candidate compound is compared to the level of expression of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 mRNA or protein in the absence of the candidate compound. The candidate compound can then be identified as a modulator of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 expression based on this comparison. For example, when expression of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 mRNA or protein is greater (statistically significantly greater) in the presence of the candidate compound than in its absence, the candidate compound is identified as a stimulator of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 mRNA or protein expression. Alternatively, when expression of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 mRNA or protein is less (statistically significantly less) in the presence of the candidate compound than in its absence, the candidate compound is identified as an inhibitor of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 mRNA or protein expression. The level of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 mRNA or protein expression in the cells can be determined by methods described herein for detecting CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 mRNA or protein. The activity of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 promoter can be assayed by linking the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 promoter to a reporter gene such as luciferase, secreted alkaline phosphatase, or beta-galactosidase and introducing the resulting construct into an appropriate vector, transfecting a host cell line, and measuring the activity of the reporter gene in response to test compounds. For example, two CARD-4-specific mRNAs were detected in a Northern blotting experiment, one of 4.6 kilobases and the other of 6.5-7.0 kilobases (Example 11). In Example 11, CARD-4-specific mRNA species were found to be widely distributed in the tissues and cell lines studied.

[0251] In yet another aspect of the invention, the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 proteins can be used as “bait proteins” in a two-hybrid assay or three hybrid assay (see, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 5,283,317; Zervos et al. (1993) Cell 72:223-232; Madura et al. (1993) J. Biol. Chem. 268:12046-12054; Bartel et al. (1993) Bio/Techniques 14:920-924; Iwabuchi et al. (1993) Oncogene 8:1693-1696; and PCT Publication No. WO 94/10300), to identify other proteins, which bind to or interact with CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 (“CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6-binding proteins” or “CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6-bp”) and modulate CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 activity. Such CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6-binding proteins are also likely to be involved in the propagation of signals by the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 proteins as, for example, upstream or downstream elements of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 pathway. For example, Example 7 describes the construction of a two-hybrid screening bait construct including human CARD-4L amino acids 1-145 comprising the CARD domain and the use of this bait construct to screen human mammary gland and prostate gland two-hybrid libraries resulting in the identification of human CARD-3 as a CARD-4 interacting protein. In another example, Example 8 describes the construction of a two-hybrid screening bait construct including human CARD-4 amino acids 406-953 comprising the LRR domain and the use of this bait construct to screen a human mammary gland two-hybrid libraries resulting in the identification of hNUDC as a CARD-4 interacting protein.

[0252] The two-hybrid system is based on the modular nature of most transcription factors, which consist of separable DNA-binding and activation domains. Briefly, the assay utilizes two different DNA constructs. In one construct, the gene that codes for CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 is fused to a gene encoding the DNA binding domain of a known transcription factor (e.g., GAL-4). In the other construct, a DNA sequence, from a library of DNA sequences, that encodes an unidentified protein (“prey” or “sample”) is fused to a gene that codes for the activation domain of the known transcription factor. If the “bait” and the “prey” proteins are able to interact, in vivo, forming an CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6-dependent complex, the DNA-binding and activation domains of the transcription factor are brought into close proximity. This proximity allows transcription of a reporter gene (e.g., LacZ) which is operably linked to a transcriptional regulatory site responsive to the transcription factor. Expression of the reporter gene can be detected and cell colonies containing the functional transcription factor can be isolated and used to obtain the cloned gene which encodes the protein which interacts with CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6.

[0253] In an embodiment of the invention, the ability of a test compound to modulate the activity of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6, or a biologically active portion thereof can be determined by assaying the ability of the test compound to block the binding of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 to its target proteins in a two-hybrid system assay. Example 7 describes a two-hybrid system assay for the interaction between CARD-3 and CARD-4 and Example 8 describes a two-hybrid system assay for the interaction between CARD-4 and its target protein hNUDC. To screen for test compounds that block the interaction between CARD-3 and CARD-4 and their target proteins, which include but are not limited to CARD-3, CARD-4, and hNUDC, a yeast two-hybrid screening strain coexpressing the interacting bait and prey constructs, for example, a CARD-4 bait construct and a CARD-3 prey construct as described in Example 7, is contacted with the test compound and the activity of the two-hybrid system reporter gene, usually HIS3, lacZ, or URA3 is assayed. If the strain remains viable but exhibits a significant decrease in reporter gene activity, this would indicate that the test compound has inhibited the interaction between the bait and prey proteins. This assay could be automated for high throughput drug screening purposes. In another embodiment of the invention, CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 and their target proteins could be configured in the reverse two-hybrid system (Vidal et al. (1996) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93:10321-6 and Vidal et al. (1996) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93:10315-20) designed specifically for efficient drug screening. In the reverse two-hybrid system, inhibition of a CARD-3 or CARD-4 physical interaction with a target protein would result in induction of a reporter gene in contrast to the normal two-hybrid system where inhibition of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 physical interaction with a target protein would lead to reporter gene repression. The reverse two-hybrid system is preferred for drug screening because reporter gene induction is more easily assayed than report gene repression.

[0254] Alternative embodiments of the invention are proteins found to physically interact with proteins that bind to CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6. CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 interactors, including but not limited to hNUDC and CARD-3, could be configured into two-hybrid system baits and used in two-hybrid screens to identify additional members of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 pathway. The interactors of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 interactors identified in this way could be useful targets for therapeutic intervention in CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 related diseases and pathologies and an assay of their enzymatic or binding activity could be useful for the identification of test compounds that modulate CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 activity.

[0255] This invention further pertains to novel agents identified by the above-described screening assays and uses thereof for treatments as described herein.

[0256] B. Detection Assays

[0257] Portions or fragments of the cDNA sequences identified herein (and the corresponding complete gene sequences) can be used in numerous ways as polynucleotide reagents. For example, these sequences can be used to: (i) map their respective genes on a chromosome; and, thus, locate gene regions associated with genetic disease; (ii) identify an individual from a minute biological sample (tissue typing); and (iii) aid in forensic identification of a biological sample. These applications are described in the subsections below. 1. Chromosome Mapping

[0258] Once the sequence (or a portion of the sequence) of a gene has been isolated, this sequence can be used to map the location of the gene on a chromosome. Accordingly, CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 nucleic acid molecules described herein or fragments thereof, can be used to map the location of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 genes on a chromosome. The mapping of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 sequences to chromosomes is an important first step in correlating these sequences with genes associated with disease.

[0259] Briefly, CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 genes can be mapped to chromosomes by preparing PCR primers (preferably 15-25 bp in length) from the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 sequences. Computer analysis of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 sequences can be used to rapidly select primers that do not span more than one exon in the genomic DNA, thus complicating the amplification process. These primers can then be used for PCR screening of somatic cell hybrids containing individual human chromosomes. Only those hybrids containing the human gene corresponding to the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 sequences will yield an amplified fragment. For example, in Example 6, human CARD-4-specific PCR primers were used to screen DNAs from a somatic cell hybrid panel showing that human CARD-4 maps to chromosome 7 close to the SHGC-31928 genetic marker.

[0260] Somatic cell hybrids are prepared by fusing somatic cells from different mammals (e.g., human and mouse cells). As hybrids of human and mouse cells grow and divide, they gradually lose human chromosomes in random order, but retain the mouse chromosomes. By using media in which mouse cells cannot grow, because they lack a particular enzyme, but human cells can, the one human chromosome that contains the gene encoding the needed enzyme, will be retained. By using various media, panels of hybrid cell lines can be established. Each cell line in a panel contains either a single human chromosome or a small number of human chromosomes, and a full set of mouse chromosomes, allowing easy mapping of individual genes to specific human chromosomes. (D'Eustachio et al. (1983) Science 220:919-924). Somatic cell hybrids containing only fragments of human chromosomes can also be produced by using human chromosomes with translocations and deletions.

[0261] PCR mapping of somatic cell hybrids is a rapid procedure for assigning a particular sequence to a particular chromosome. Three or more sequences can be assigned per day using a single thermal cycler. Using the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 sequences to design oligonucleotide primers, sublocalization can be achieved with panels of fragments from specific chromosomes. Other mapping strategies which can similarly be used to map a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 sequence to its chromosome include in situ hybridization (described in Fan et al. (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87:6223-27), pre-screening with labeled flow-sorted chromosomes, and pre-selection by hybridization to chromosome specific cDNA libraries.

[0262] Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of a DNA sequence to a metaphase chromosomal spread can further be used to provide a precise chromosomal location in one step. Chromosome spreads can be made using cells whose division has been blocked in metaphase by a chemical like colcemid that disrupts the mitotic spindle. The chromosomes can be treated briefly with trypsin, and then stained with Giemsa. A pattern of light and dark bands develops on each chromosome, so that the chromosomes can be identified individually. The FISH technique can be used with a DNA sequence as short as 500 or 600 bases. However, clones larger than 1,000 bases have a higher likelihood of binding to a unique chromosomal location with sufficient signal intensity for simple detection. Preferably 1,000 bases, and more preferably 2,000 bases will suffice to get good results at a reasonable amount of time. For a review of this technique, see Verma et al., (Human Chromosomes: A Manual of Basic Techniques (Pergamon Press, New York, 1988)).

[0263] Reagents for chromosome mapping can be used individually to mark a single chromosome or a single site on that chromosome, or panels of reagents can be used for marking multiple sites and/or multiple chromosomes. Reagents corresponding to noncoding regions of the genes actually are preferred for mapping purposes. Coding sequences are more likely to be conserved within gene families, thus increasing the chance of cross hybridizations during chromosomal mapping.

[0264] Once a sequence has been mapped to a precise chromosomal location, the physical position of the sequence on the chromosome can be correlated with genetic map data. (Such data are found, for example, in V. McKusick, Mendelian Inheritance in Man, available on-line through Johns Hopkins University Welch Medical Library). The relationship between genes and disease, mapped to the same chromosomal region, can then be identified through linkage analysis (co-inheritance of physically adjacent genes), described in, e.g., Egeland et al. (1987) Nature, 325:783-787.

[0265] Moreover, differences in the DNA sequences between individuals affected and unaffected with a disease associated with the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene can be determined. If a mutation is observed in some or all of the affected individuals but not in any unaffected individuals, then the mutation is likely to be the causative agent of the particular disease. Comparison of affected and unaffected individuals generally involves first looking for structural alterations in the chromosomes such as deletions or translocations that are visible from chromosome spreads or detectable using PCR based on that DNA sequence. Ultimately, complete sequencing of genes from several individuals can be performed to confirm the presence of a mutation and to distinguish mutations from polymorphisms.

[0266] 2. Tissue Typing

[0267] The CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 sequences of the present invention can also be used to identify individuals from minute biological samples. The United States military, for example, is considering the use of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) for identification of its personnel. In this technique, an individual's genomic DNA is digested with one or more restriction enzymes, and probed on a Southern blot to yield unique bands for identification. This method does not suffer from the current limitations of “Dog Tags” which can be lost, switched, or stolen, making positive identification difficult. The sequences of the present invention are useful as additional DNA markers for RFLP (described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,272,057).

[0268] Furthermore, the sequences of the present invention can be used to provide an alternative technique which determines the actual base-by-base DNA sequence of selected portions of an individual's genome. Thus, the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 sequences described herein can be used to prepare two PCR primers from the 5′ and 3′ ends of the sequences. These primers can then be used to amplify an individual's DNA and subsequently sequence it.

[0269] Panels of corresponding DNA sequences from individuals, prepared in this manner, can provide unique individual identifications, as each individual will have a unique set of such DNA sequences due to allelic differences. The sequences of the present invention can be used to obtain such identification sequences from individuals and from tissue. The CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 sequences of the invention uniquely represent portions of the human genome. Allelic variation occurs to some degree in the coding regions of these sequences, and to a greater degree in the noncoding regions. It is estimated that allelic variation between individual humans occurs with a frequency of about once per each 500 bases. Each of the sequences described herein can, to some degree, be used as a standard against which DNA from an individual can be compared for identification purposes. Because greater numbers of polymorphisms occur in the noncoding regions, fewer sequences are necessary to differentiate individuals. The noncoding sequences of SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:7, SEQ ID NO:25, SEQ ID NO:38, SEQ ID NO:40, SEQ ID NO:42, SEQ ID NO:48, SEQ ID NO:51, SEQ ID NO:54, and SEQ ID NO:60 can comfortably provide positive individual identification with a panel of perhaps 10 to 1,000 primers which each yield a noncoding amplified sequence of 100 bases. If predicted coding sequences, such as those in SEQ ID NO:3, SEQ ID NO:9, SEQ ID NO:27, SEQ ID NO:50, SEQ ID NO:53, SEQ ID NO:56, and SEQ ID NO:62 are used, a more appropriate number of primers for positive individual identification would be 500-2,000.

[0270] If a panel of reagents from CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 sequences described herein is used to generate a unique identification database for an individual, those same reagents can later be used to identify tissue from that individual. Using the unique identification database, positive identification of the individual, living or dead, can be made from extremely small tissue samples.

[0271] 3. Use of Partial Sequences in Forensic Biology

[0272] DNA-based identification techniques can also be used in forensic biology. Forensic biology is a scientific field employing genetic typing of biological evidence found at a crime scene as a means for positively identifying, for example, a perpetrator of a crime. To make such an identification, PCR technology can be used to amplify DNA sequences taken from very small biological samples such as tissues, e.g., hair or skin, or body fluids, e.g., blood, saliva, or semen found at a crime scene. The amplified sequence can then be compared to a standard, thereby allowing identification of the origin of the biological sample.

[0273] The sequences of the present invention can be used to provide polynucleotide reagents, e.g., PCR primers, targeted to specific loci in the human genome, which can enhance the reliability of DNA-based forensic identifications by, for example, providing another “identification marker” (i.e. another DNA sequence that is unique to a particular individual). As mentioned above, actual base sequence information can be used for identification as an accurate alternative to patterns formed by restriction enzyme generated fragments. Sequences targeted to noncoding regions of SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:7, SEQ ID NO:25, SEQ ID NO:38, SEQ ID NO:40, SEQ ID NO:42, SEQ ID NO:48, SEQ ID NO:51, SEQ ID NO: 54, and SEQ ID NO:60 are particularly appropriate for this use as greater numbers of polymorphisms occur in the noncoding regions, making it easier to differentiate individuals using this technique. Examples of polynucleotide reagents include the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 sequences or portions thereof, e.g., fragments derived from the noncoding regions of SEQ ID NO:l, SEQ ID NO:7, SEQ ID NO:25, SEQ ID NO:38, SEQ ID NO:40, SEQ ID NO:42, SEQ ID NO:48, SEQ ID NO:51, SEQ ID NO:54, and SEQ ID NO:60 which have a length of at least 20 or 30 bases.

[0274] The sequences described herein can further be used to provide polynucleotide reagents, e.g., labeled or labelable probes which can be used in, for example, an in situ hybridization technique, to identify a specific tissue, e.g., brain tissue. This can be very useful in cases where a forensic pathologist is presented with a tissue of unknown origin. Panels of such CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 probes can be used to identify tissue by species and/or by organ type.

[0275] In a similar fashion, these reagents, e.g., CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 primers or probes can be used to screen tissue culture for contamination (i.e., screen for the presence of a mixture of different types of cells in a culture).

[0276] C. Predictive Medicine

[0277] The present invention also pertains to the field of predictive medicine in which diagnostic assays, prognostic assays, pharmacogenomics, and monitoring clinical trials are used for prognostic (predictive) purposes to thereby treat an individual prophylactically. Accordingly, one aspect of the present invention relates to diagnostic assays for determining CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein and/or nucleic acid expression as well as CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 activity, in the context of a biological sample (e.g., blood, serum, cells, tissue) to thereby determine whether an individual is afflicted with a disease or disorder, or is at risk of developing a disorder, associated with aberrant CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 expression or activity. The invention also provides for prognostic (or predictive) assays for determining whether an individual is at risk of developing a disorder associated with CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein, nucleic acid expression or activity. For example, mutations in a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene can be assayed in a biological sample. Such assays can be used for prognostic or predictive purpose to thereby prophylactically treat an individual prior to the onset of a disorder characterized by or associated with CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein, nucleic acid expression or activity.

[0278] Another aspect of the invention provides methods for determining CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein, nucleic acid expression or CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 activity in an individual to thereby select appropriate therapeutic or prophylactic agents for that individual (referred to herein as “pharmacogenomics”). Pharmacogenomics allows for the selection of agents (e.g., drugs) for therapeutic or prophylactic treatment of an individual based on the genotype of the individual (e.g., the genotype of the individual examined to determine the ability of the individual to respond to a particular agent.)

[0279] Yet another aspect of the invention pertains to monitoring the influence of agents (e.g., drugs or other compounds) on the expression or activity of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 in clinical trials.

[0280] These and other agents are described in further detail in the following sections.

[0281] 1. Diagnostic Assays

[0282] An exemplary method for detecting the presence or absence of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 in a biological sample involves obtaining a biological sample from a test subject and contacting the biological sample with a compound or an agent capable of detecting CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein or nucleic acid (e.g., mRNA, genomic DNA) that encodes CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein such that the presence of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 is detected in the biological sample. An agent for detecting CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 mRNA or genomic DNA is a labeled nucleic acid probe capable of hybridizing to CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 mRNA or genomic DNA. The nucleic acid probe can be, for example, a full-length CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 nucleic acid, such as the nucleic acid of SEQ ID NO:1 or 3, SEQ ID NO:7 or 9, SEQ ID NO:25 or 27, SEQ ID NO:38, SEQ ID NO:40, SEQ ID NO:42, SEQ ID NO:48 or 50, SEQ ID NO:51 or SEQ ID NO:53 or SEQ ID NO:54 or SEQ ID NO:56, SEQ ID NO:60 or 62, or a portion thereof, such as an oligonucleotide of at least 15, 30, 50, 100, 250 or 500 nucleotides in length and sufficient to specifically hybridize under stringent conditions to mRNA or genomic DNA, or a human CARD-4 splice variant such as the nucleic acid of SEQ ID NO:38 or SEQ ID NO:40. Other suitable probes for use in the diagnostic assays of the invention are described herein. For example, Example 11 describes the use of a nucleic acid probe to detect CARD-4 mRNAs in human tissues and cell lines and the probe used in this experiment could be used for a diagnostic assay.

[0283] An agent for detecting CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein can be an antibody capable of binding to CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein, preferably an antibody with a detectable label. Antibodies can be polyclonal, or more preferably, monoclonal. For example, polypeptides corresponding to amino acids 128-139 and 287-298 of human CARD-4L were used to immunize rabbits and produce polyclonal antibodies that specifically recognize human CARD-4L. An intact antibody, or a fragment thereof (e.g., Fab or F(ab′)2) can be used. The term “labeled”, with regard to the probe or antibody, is intended to encompass direct labeling of the probe or antibody by coupling (i.e., physically linking) a detectable substance to the probe or antibody, as well as indirect labeling of the probe or antibody by reactivity with another reagent that is directly labeled. Examples of indirect labeling include detection of a primary antibody using a fluorescently labeled secondary antibody and end-labeling of a DNA probe with biotin such that it can be detected with fluorescently labeled streptavidin The term “biological sample” is intended to include tissues, cells and biological fluids isolated from a subject, as well as tissues, cells and fluids present within a subject. That is, the detection method of the invention can be used to detect CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 mRNA, protein, or genomic DNA in a biological sample in vitro as well as in vivo. For example, in vitro techniques for detection of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 mRNA include Northern hybridizations and in situ hybridizations. For example, Example 11 contains the use of a human CARD-4L nucleic acid probe for a Northern blotting analysis of mRNA species encoded by human CARD-4L detected in RNA samples from human tissues and cell lines. In vitro techniques for detection of CARD-3 or CARD-4 protein include enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), Western blots, immunoprecipitations and immunofluorescence. In vitro techniques for detection of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 genomic DNA include Southern hybridizations. Furthermore, in vivo techniques for detection of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein include introducing into a subject a labeled anti-CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 antibody. For example, the antibody can be labeled with a radioactive marker whose presence and location in a subject can be detected by standard imaging techniques.

[0284] In one embodiment, the biological sample contains protein molecules from the test subject. Alternatively, the biological sample can contain mRNA molecules from the test subject or genomic DNA molecules from the test subject. An biological sample is a peripheral blood leukocyte sample isolated by conventional means from a subject.

[0285] In another embodiment, the methods further involve obtaining a control biological sample from a control subject, contacting the control sample with a compound or agent capable of detecting CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein, mRNA, or genomic DNA, such that the presence of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein, mRNA or genomic DNA is detected in the biological sample, and comparing the presence of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein, mRNA or genomic DNA in the control sample with the presence of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein, mRNA or genomic DNA in the test sample.

[0286] The invention also encompasses kits for detecting the presence of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 in a biological sample (a test sample). Such kits can be used to determine if a subject is suffering from or is at increased risk of developing a disorder associated with aberrant expression of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 (e.g., an immunological disorder). For example, the kit can comprise a labeled compound or agent capable of detecting CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein or mRNA in a biological sample and means for determining the amount of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 in the sample (e.g., an anti-CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 antibody or an oligonucleotide probe which binds to DNA encoding CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6, e.g., SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:3, SEQ ID NO:7, SEQ ID NO:9, SEQ ID NO:25, SEQ ID NO:27, SEQ ID NO:38, SEQ ID NO:40, SEQ ID NO:42, SEQ IS NO:48, SEQ ID NO:50, SEQ ID NO:51, SEQ ID NO:53, SEQ ID NO:54, SEQ ID NO:56, SEQ ID NO:60, or SEQ ID NO:62). Kits may also include instruction for observing that the tested subject is suffering from or is at risk of developing a disorder associated with aberrant expression of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 if the amount of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein or mRNA is above or below a normal level.

[0287] For antibody-based kits, the kit may comprise, for example: (1) a first antibody (e.g., attached to a solid support) which binds to CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein; and, optionally, (2) a second, different antibody which binds to CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein or the first antibody and is conjugated to a detectable agent.

[0288] For oligonucleotide-based kits, the kit may comprise, for example: (1) a oligonucleotide, e.g., a detectably labelled oligonucleotide, which hybridizes to a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 nucleic acid sequence or (2) a pair of primers useful for amplifying a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 nucleic acid molecule.

[0289] The kit may also comprise, e.g., a buffering agent, a preservative, or a protein stabilizing agent. The kit may also comprise components necessary for detecting the detectable agent (e.g., an enzyme or a substrate). The kit may also contain a control sample or a series of control samples which can be assayed and compared to the test sample contained. Each component of the kit is usually enclosed within an individual container and all of the various containers are within a single package along with instructions for observing whether the tested subject is suffering from or is at risk of developing a disorder associated with aberrant expression of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6.

[0290] 2. Prognostic Assays

[0291] The methods described herein can furthermore be utilized as diagnostic or prognostic assays to identify subjects having or at risk of developing a disease or disorder associated with aberrant CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 expression or activity. For example, the assays described herein, such as the preceding diagnostic assays or the following assays, can be utilized to identify a subject having or at risk of developing a disorder associated with CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-S, or CARD-6 protein, nucleic acid expression or activity. Alternatively, the prognostic assays can be utilized to identify a subject having or at risk for developing such a disease or disorder. Thus, the present invention provides a method in which a test sample is obtained from a subject and CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein or nucleic acid (e.g., mRNA, genomic DNA) is detected, wherein the presence of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein or nucleic acid is diagnostic for a subject having or at risk of developing a disease or disorder associated with aberrant CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 expression or activity. As used herein, a “test sample” refers to a biological sample obtained from a subject of interest. For example, a test sample can be a biological fluid (e.g., serum), cell sample, or tissue. Furthermore, the prognostic assays described herein can be used to determine whether a subject can be administered an agent (e.g., an agonist, antagonist, peptidomimetic, protein, peptide, nucleic acid, small molecule, or other drug candidate) to treat a disease or disorder associated with aberrant CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 expression or activity. For example, such methods can be used to determine whether a subject can be effectively treated with a specific agent or class of agents (e.g., agents of a type which decrease CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 activity). Thus, the present invention provides methods for determining whether a subject can be effectively treated with an agent for a disorder associated with aberrant CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 expression or activity in which a test sample is obtained and CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein or nucleic acid is detected (e.g., wherein the presence of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein or nucleic acid is diagnostic for a subject that can be administered the agent to treat a disorder associated with aberrant CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 expression or activity).

[0292] The methods of the invention can also be used to detect genetic lesions or mutations in a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene, thereby determining if a subject with the lesioned gene is at risk for a disorder characterized by aberrant cell proliferation and/or differentiation. In preferred embodiments, the methods include detecting, in a sample of cells from the subject, the presence or absence of a genetic lesion characterized by at least one of an alteration affecting the integrity of a gene encoding a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6-protein, or the mis-expression of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene. For example, such genetic lesions can be detected by ascertaining the existence of at least one of 1) a deletion of one or more nucleotides from a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene; 2) an addition of one or more nucleotides to a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene; 3) a substitution of one or more nucleotides of a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene; 4) a chromosomal rearrangement of a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene; 5) an alteration in the level of a messenger RNA transcript of a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene; 6) aberrant modification of a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene, such as of the methylation pattern of the genomic DNA; 7) the presence of a non-wild type splicing pattern of a messenger RNA transcript of a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene (e.g, caused by a mutation in a splice donor or splice acceptor site); 8) a non-wild type level of a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6-protein; 9) allelic loss of a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene; and 10) inappropriate post-translational modification of a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6-protein. As described herein, there are a large number of assay techniques known in the art which can be used for detecting lesions in a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene. A biological sample is a peripheral blood leukocyte sample isolated by conventional means from a subject.

[0293] In certain embodiments, detection of the lesion involves the use of a probe/primer in a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (see, e.g., U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,683,195 and 4,683,202), such as anchor PCR or RACE PCR, or, alternatively, in a ligation chain reaction (LCR) (see, e.g., Landegran et al. (1988) Science 241:1077-1080; and Nakazawa et al. (1994) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:360-364), the latter of which can be particularly useful for detecting point mutations in the CARD-3 or CARD-4-gene (see, e.g., Abravaya et al. (1995) Nucleic Acids Res. 23:675-682). This method can include the steps of collecting a sample of cells from a patient, isolating nucleic acid (e.g., genomic, mRNA or both) from the cells of the sample, contacting the nucleic acid sample with one or more primers which specifically hybridize to a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene under conditions such that hybridization and amplification of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6-gene (if present) occurs, and detecting the presence or absence of an amplification product, or detecting the size of the amplification product and comparing the length to a control sample. It is anticipated that PCR and/or LCR may be desirable to use as a preliminary amplification step in conjunction with any of the techniques used for detecting mutations described herein.

[0294] Alternative amplification methods include: self sustained sequence replication (Guatelli et al. (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87:1874-1878), transcriptional amplification system (Kwoh, et al. (1989) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86:1173-1177), Q-Beta Replicase (Lizardi et al. (1988) Bio/Technology 6:1197), or any other nucleicacid amplification method, followed by the detection of the amplified molecules using techniques well known to those of skill in the art. These detection schemes are especially useful for the detection of nucleic acid molecules if such molecules are present in very low numbers.

[0295] In an alternative embodiment, mutations in a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene from a sample cell can be identified by alterations in restriction enzyme cleavage patterns. For example, sample and control DNA is isolated, amplified (optionally), digested with one or more restriction endonucleases, and fragment length sizes are determined by gel electrophoresis and compared. Differences in fragment length sizes between sample and control DNA indicates mutations in the sample DNA. Moreover, the use of sequence specific ribozymes (see, e.g., U.S. Patent No. 5,498,531) can be used to score for the presence of specific mutations by development or loss of a ribozyme cleavage site.

[0296] In other embodiments, genetic mutations in CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 can be identified by hybridizing a sample and control nucleic acids, e.g., DNA or RNA, to high density arrays containing hundreds or thousands of oligonucleotides probes (Cronin et al. (1996) Human Mutation 7:244-255; Kozal et al. (1996) Nature Medicine 2:753-759) For example, genetic mutations in CARD-3 or CARD-4 can be identified in two-dimensional arrays containing light-generated DNA probes as described in Cronin et al. supra. Briefly, a first hybridization array of probes can be used to scan through long stretches of DNA in a sample and control to identify base changes between the sequences by making linear arrays of sequential overlapping probes. This step allows the identification of point mutations. This step is followed by a second hybridization array that allows the characterization of specific mutations by using smaller, specialized probe arrays complementary to all variants or mutations detected. Each mutation array is composed of parallel probe sets, one complementary to the wild-type gene and the other complementary to the mutant gene.

[0297] In yet another embodiment, any of a variety of sequencing reactions known in the art can be used to directly sequence the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene and detect mutations by comparing the sequence of the sample CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 with the corresponding wild-type (control) sequence. Examples of sequencing reactions include those based on techniques developed by Maxam and Gilbert ((1977) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 74:560) or Sanger ((1977) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 74:5463). It is also contemplated that any of a variety of automated sequencing procedures can be utilized when performing the diagnostic assays ((1995) Bio/Techniques 19:448), including sequencing by mass spectrometry (see, e.g., PCT Publication No. WO 94/16101; Cohen et al. (1996) Adv. Chromatogr. 36:127-162; and Griffin et al. (1993) Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 38:147-159).

[0298] Other methods for detecting mutations in the CARD-3 or CARD-4 gene include methods in which protection from cleavage agents is used to detect mismatched bases in RNA/RNA or RNA/DNA heteroduplexes (Myers et al. (1985) Science 230:1242). In general, the art technique of “mismatch cleavage” starts by providing heteroduplexes of formed by hybridizing (labeled) RNA or DNA containing the wild-type CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 sequence with potentially mutant RNA or DNA obtained from a tissue sample. The double-stranded duplexes are treated with an agent which cleaves single-stranded regions of the duplex such as which will exist due to basepair mismatches between the control and sample strands. For instance, RNA/DNA duplexes can be treated with RNase and DNA/DNA hybrids treated with S1 nuclease to enzymatically digesting the mismatched regions. In other embodiments, either DNA/DNA or RNA/DNA duplexes can be treated with hydroxylamine or osmium tetroxide and with piperidine in order to digest mismatched regions. After digestion of the mismatched regions, the resulting material is then separated by size on denaturing polyacrylamide gels to determine the site of mutation. See, e.g., Cotton et al (1988) Proc. Natl Acad Sci USA 85:4397; Saleeba et al (1992) Methods Enzymol. 217:286-295. In an embodiment, the control DNA or RNA can be labeled for detection.

[0299] In still another embodiment, the mismatch cleavage reaction employs one or more proteins that recognize mismatched base pairs in double-stranded DNA (so called “DNA mismatch repair” enzymes) in defined systems for detecting and mapping point mutations in CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 cDNAs obtained from samples of cells. For example, the mutY enzyme of E. coli cleaves A at G/A mismatches and the thymidine DNA glycosylase from HeLa cells cleaves T at G/T mismatches (Hsu et al. (1994) Carcinogenesis 15:1657-1662). According to an exemplary embodiment, a probe based on a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 sequence, e.g., a wild-type CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 sequence, is hybridized to a cDNA or other DNA product from a test cell(s). The duplex is treated with a DNA mismatch repair enzyme, and the cleavage products, if any, can be detected from electrophoresis protocols or the like. See, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 5,459,039.

[0300] In other embodiments, alterations in electrophoretic mobility will be used to identify mutations in CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 genes. For example, single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) may be used to detect differences in electrophoretic mobility between mutant and wild type nucleic acids (Orita et al. (1989) Proc Natl. Acad. Sci USA: 86:2766, see also Cotton (1993) Mutat. Res. 285:125-144; and Hayashi (1992) Genet Anal Tech Appl 9:73-79). Single-stranded DNA fragments of sample and control CARD-3 or CARD-4 nucleic acids will be denatured and allowed to renature. The secondary structure of single-stranded nucleic acids varies according to sequence, the resulting alteration in electrophoretic mobility enables the detection of even a single base change. The DNA fragments may be labeled or detected with labeled probes. The sensitivity of the assay may be enhanced by using RNA (rather than DNA), in which the secondary structure is more sensitive to a change in sequence. In an embodiment, the subject method utilizes heteroduplex analysis to separate double stranded heteroduplex molecules on the basis of changes in electrophoretic mobility (Keen et al. (1991) Trends Genet 7:5).

[0301] In yet another embodiment, the movement of mutant or wild-type fragments in polyacrylamide gels containing a gradient of denaturant is assayed using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) (Myers et al. (1985) Nature 313:495). When DGGE is used as the method of analysis, DNA will be modified to insure that it does not completely denature, for example by adding a GC clamp of approximately 40 bp of high-melting GC-rich DNA by PCR. In a further embodiment, a temperature gradient is used in place of a denaturing gradient to identify differences in the mobility of control and sample DNA (Rosenbaum and Reissner (1987) Biophys Chem 265:12753).

[0302] Examples of other techniques for detecting point mutations include, but are not limited to, selective oligonucleotide hybridization, selective amplification, or selective primer extension. For example, oligonucleotide primers may be prepared in which the known mutation is placed centrally and then hybridized to target DNA under conditions which permit hybridization only if a perfect match is found (Saiki et al. (1986) Nature 324:163); Saiki et al. (1989) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci USA 86:6230). Such allele specific oligonucleotides are hybridized to PCR amplified target DNA or a number of different mutations when the oligonucleotides are attached to the hybridizing membrane and hybridized with labeled target DNA.

[0303] Alternatively, allele specific amplification technology which depends on selective PCR amplification may be used in conjunction with the instant invention. Oligonucleotides used as primers for specific amplification may carry the mutation of interest in the center of the molecule (so that amplification depends on differential hybridization) (Gibbs et al. (1989) Nucleic Acids Res. 17:2437-2448) or at the extreme 3′ end of one primer where, under appropriate conditions, mismatch can prevent, or reduce polymerase extension (Prossner (1993) Tibtech 11:238). In addition, it may be desirable to introduce a novel restriction site in the region of the mutation to create cleavage-based detection (Gasparini et al. (1992) Mol. Cell Probes 6:1). It is anticipated that in certain embodiments amplification may also be performed using Taq ligase for amplification (Barany (1991) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci USA 88:189). In such cases, ligation will occur only if there is a perfect match at the 3′ end of the 5′ sequence making it possible to detect the presence of a known mutation at a specific site by looking for the presence or absence of amplification.

[0304] The methods described herein may be performed, for example, by utilizing pre-packaged diagnostic kits comprising at least one probe nucleic acid or antibody reagent described herein, which may be conveniently used, e.g., in clinical settings to diagnose patients exhibiting symptoms or family history of a disease or illness involving a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene.

[0305] Furthermore, any cell type or tissue, preferably peripheral blood leukocytes, in which CARD-3 or CARD-4 is expressed may be utilized in the prognostic assays described herein.

[0306] 3. Pharmacogenomics

[0307] Agents, or modulators which have a stimulatory or inhibitory effect on CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 activity (e.g., CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene expression) as identified by a screening assay described herein can be administered to individuals to treat (prophylactically or therapeutically) disorders (e.g., an immunological disorder) associated with aberrant CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 activity. In conjunction with such treatment, the pharmacogenomics (i.e., the study of the relationship between an individual's genotype and that individual's response to a foreign compound or drug) of the individual may be considered. Differences in metabolism of therapeutics can lead to severe toxicity or therapeutic failure by altering the relation between dose and blood concentration of the pharmacologically active drug. Thus, the pharmacogenomics of the individual permits the selection of effective agents (e.g., drugs) for prophylactic or therapeutic treatments based on a consideration of the individual's genotype. Such pharmacogenomics can further be used to determine appropriate dosages and therapeutic regimens. Accordingly, the activity of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein, expression of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 nucleic acid, or mutation content of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 genes in an individual can be determined to thereby select appropriate agent(s) for therapeutic or prophylactic treatment of the individual.

[0308] Pharmacogenomics deals with clinically significant hereditary variations in the response to drugs due to altered drug disposition and abnormal action in affected persons. See, e.g., Linder (1997) Clin. Chem. 43(2):254-266. In general, two types of pharmacogenetic conditions can be differentiated. Genetic conditions transmitted as a single factor altering the way drugs act on the body (altered drug action) or genetic conditions transmitted as single factors altering the way the body acts on drugs (altered drug metabolism). These pharmacogenetic conditions can occur either as rare defects or as polymorphisms. For example, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD) is a common inherited enzymopathy in which the main clinical complication is haemolysis after ingestion of oxidant drugs, (anti-malarials, sulfonamides, analgesics, nitrofurans) and consumption of fava beans.

[0309] As an illustrative embodiment, the activity of drug metabolizing enzymes is a major determinant of both the intensity and duration of drug action. The discovery of genetic polymorphisms of drug metabolizing enzymes (e.g., N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT 2) and cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP2D6 and CYP2C19) has provided an explanation as to why some patients do not obtain the expected drug effects or show exaggerated drug response and serious toxicity after taking the standard and safe dose of a drug. These polymorphisms are expressed in two phenotypes in the population, the extensive metabolizer (EM) and poor metabolizer (PM). The prevalence of PM is different among different populations. For example, the gene coding for CYP2D6 is highly polymorphic and several mutations have been identified in PM, which all lead to the absence of functional CYP2D6. Poor metabolizers of CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 quite frequently experience exaggerated drug response and side effects when they receive standard doses. If a metabolite is the active therapeutic moiety, PM show no therapeutic response, as demonstrated for the analgesic effect of codeine mediated by its CYP2D6-formed metabolite morphine. The other extreme are the so called ultra-rapid metabolizers who do not respond to standard doses. Recently, the molecular basis of ultra-rapid metabolism has been identified to be due to CYP2D6 gene amplification.

[0310] Thus, the activity of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein, expression of CARD-3 or CARD-4 nucleic acid, or mutation content of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 genes in an individual can be determined to thereby select appropriate agent(s) for therapeutic or prophylactic treatment of the individual. In addition, pharmacogenetic studies can be used to apply genotyping of polymorphic alleles encoding drug-metabolizing enzymes to the identification of an individuals drug responsiveness phenotype. This knowledge, when applied to dosing or drug selection, can avoid adverse reactions or therapeutic failure and thus enhance therapeutic or prophylactic efficiency when treating a subject with a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 modulator, such as a modulator identified by one of the exemplary screening assays described herein.

[0311] 4. Monitoring of Effects During Clinical Trials

[0312] Monitoring the influence of agents (e.g., drugs, compounds) on the expression or activity of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 (e.g., the ability to modulate aberrant cell proliferation and/or differentiation) can be applied not only in basic drug screening, but also in clinical trials. For example, the effectiveness of an agent determined by a screening assay as described herein to increase CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene expression, protein levels, or upregulate CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 activity, can be monitored in clinical trails of subjects exhibiting decreased CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene expression, protein levels, or downregulated CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 activity. Alternatively, the effectiveness of an agent determined by a screening assay to decrease CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene expression, protein levels, or downregulated CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 activity, can be monitored in clinical trials of subjects exhibiting increased CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene expression, protein levels, or upregulated CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-S, or CARD-6 activity. In such clinical trials, the expression or activity of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-S, or CARD-6 and, preferably, other genes that have been implicated in, for example, a cellular proliferation disorder can be used as a “read out” or markers of the immune responsiveness of a particular cell.

[0313] For example, and not by way of limitation, genes, including CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6, that are modulated in cells by treatment with an agent (e.g., compound, drug or small molecule) which modulates CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 activity (e.g., identified in a screening assay as described herein) can be identified. Thus, to study the effect of agents on cellular proliferation disorders, for example, in a clinical trial, cells can be isolated and RNA prepared and analyzed for the levels of expression of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 and other genes implicated in the disorder. The levels of gene expression (i.e., a gene expression pattern) can be quantified by Northern blot analysis or RT-PCR, as described herein, or alternatively by measuring the amount of protein produced, by one of the methods as described herein, or by measuring the levels of activity of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 or other genes. In this way, the gene expression pattern can serve as a marker, indicative of the physiological response of the cells to the agent. Accordingly, this response state may be determined before, and at various points during, treatment of the individual with the agent.

[0314] In an embodiment, the present invention provides a method for monitoring the effectiveness of treatment of a subject with an agent (e.g., an agonist, antagonist, peptidomimetic, protein, peptide, nucleic acid, small molecule, or other drug candidate identified by the screening assays described herein) comprising the steps of (i) obtaining a pre-administration sample from a subject prior to administration of the agent; (ii) detecting the level of expression of a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein, mRNA, or genomic DNA in the preadministration sample; (iii) obtaining one or more post-administration samples from the subject; (iv) detecting the level of expression or activity of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein, mRNA, or genomic DNA in the post-administration samples; (v) comparing the level of expression or activity of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-S, or CARD-6 protein, mRNA, or genomic DNA in the pre-administration sample with the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein, mRNA, or genomic DNA in the post administration sample or samples; and (vi) altering the administration of the agent to the subject accordingly. For example, increased administration of the agent may be desirable to increase the expression or activity of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 to higher levels than detected, i.e., to increase the effectiveness of the agent. Alternatively, decreased administration of the agent may be desirable to decrease expression or activity of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 to lower levels than detected, i.e., to decrease the effectiveness of the agent.

[0315] 5. Transcriptional Profiling

[0316] The CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, and CARD-6 nucleic acid molecules described herein, including small oligonucleotides, can be used in transcriptionally profiling. For example, these nucleic acids can be used to examine the expression of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, and CARD-6 in normal tissue or cells and in tissue or cells subject to a disease state, e.g., tissue or cells derived from a patient having a disease of interest or cultured cells which model or reflect a disease state of interest, e.g., cells of a cultured tumor cell line. By measuring expression of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, and CARD-6, together or individually, a profile of expression in normal and disease states can be developed. This profile can be used diagnostically and to examine the effectiveness of a therapeutic regime.

[0317] C. Methods of Treatment

[0318] The present invention provides for both prophylactic and therapeutic methods of treating a subject at risk of (or susceptible to) a disorder or having a disorder associated with aberrant CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 expression or activity, examples of which are provided herein.

[0319] 1. Prophylactic Methods

[0320] In one aspect, the invention provides a method for preventing in a subject, a disease or condition associated with an aberrant CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 expression or activity, by administering to the subject an agent which modulates CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 expression or at least one CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 activity. Subjects at risk for a disease which is caused or contributed to by aberrant CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 expression or activity can be identified by, for example, any or a combination of diagnostic or prognostic assays as described herein. Administration of a prophylactic agent can occur prior to the manifestation of symptoms characteristic of the CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 aberrancy, such that a disease or disorder is prevented or, alternatively, delayed in its progression. Depending on the type of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 aberrancy, for example, a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 agonist or CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 antagonist agent can be used for treating the subject. The appropriate agent can be determined based on screening assays described herein. Activities of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 that could be modulated for prophylactic purposes include, but are not limited to: 1) CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene or protein expression, for example, see Example 11 for a description of the mRNA expression pattern of human CARD-4; 2) CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 binding to a target protein, for example, see Examples 7, 8, and 12 for a description of proteins known to bind to CARD-3 or CARD-4; 3) CARD-4 regulation of NF-κB as described in Example 9; and 4) CARD-3 and CARD-4 enhancement of caspase 9 activity as described in Example 10.

[0321] 2. Therapeutic Methods

[0322] Another aspect of the invention pertains to methods of modulating CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 expression or activity for therapeutic purposes. The modulatory method of the invention involves contacting a cell with an agent that modulates one or more of the activities of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein activity associated with the cell. An agent that modulates CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein activity can be an agent as described herein, such as a nucleic acid or a protein, a naturally-occurring cognate ligand of a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein, a peptide, a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 peptidomimetic, or other small molecule. In one embodiment, the agent stimulates one or more of the biological activities of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein. Examples of such stimulatory agents include active CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein and a nucleic acid molecule encoding CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 that has been introduced into the cell. In another embodiment, the agent inhibits one or more of the biological activities of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein. Examples of such inhibitory agents include antisense CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 nucleic acid molecules and anti-CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 antibodies. These modulatory methods can be performed in vitro (e.g., by culturing the cell with the agent) or, alternatively, in vivo (e.g, by administering the agent to a subject). As such, the present invention provides methods of treating an individual afflicted with a disease or disorder characterized by aberrant expression or activity of a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein or nucleic acid molecule or a disorder related to CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5 or CARD-6 expression or activity. In one embodiment, the method involves administering an agent (e.g., an agent identified by a screening assay described herein), or combination of agents that modulates (e.g., upregulates or downregulates) CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 expression or activity. In another embodiment, the method involves administering a CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 protein or nucleic acid molecule as therapy to compensate for reduced or aberrant CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 expression or activity. Activities of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 that could be modulated for therapeutic purposes include, but are not limited to, 1) CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 gene or protein expression, for example, see Example 11 for a description of the mRNA expression pattern of human CARD-4; 2) CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 binding to a target protein, for example, see Examples 7, 8, and 12 for a description of proteins known to bind to CARD-3 or CARD-4; 3) CARD-4 regulation of NF-κB as described in Example 9; and 4) CARD-4 enhancement of caspase 9 activity as described in Example 10.

[0323] Stimulation of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 activity is desirable in situations in which CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 is abnormally downregulated and/or in which increased CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 activity is likely to have a beneficial effect. Conversely, inhibition of CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 activity is desirable in situations in which CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 is abnormally upregulated, e.g., in myocardial infarction, and/or in which decreased CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6 activity is likely to have a beneficial effect. Since CARD-4 may play be involved in the processing of cytokines, inhibiting the activity or expression CARD4- may be beneficial in patients that have aberrant inflammation.

[0324] This invention is further illustrated by the following examples which should not be construed as limiting. The contents of all references, patents and published patent applications cited throughout this application are hereby incorporated by reference.

EXAMPLES Example 1 Isolation and Characterization of Full-Length Human CARD-3 and CARD-4L/S cDNAs

[0325] A profile of known CARD domains was used to search databases of cDNA sequences and partial cDNA sequences using TBLASTN (Washington University; version 2.0, BLOSUM62 search matix). This search led to the identification of CARD-3. Using CARD-3 to search databases of cDNA sequences and partial cDNA sequences, another potential CARD cDNA was found. This cDNA sequence was used screen a human umbilical vein endothelial library (HUVE) and a clone containing the partial CARD-4S was identified. The human umbilical vein endothelial library was then rescreened using a probe designed against the partial CARD-4S sequence and a clone containing the CARD-4L sequence was identified.

Example 2 Characterization of CARD-3 and CARD-4L/S Proteins

[0326] In this example, the predicted amino acid sequences of human CARD-3 and CARD-4L/S proteins were compared to amino acid sequences of known proteins and various motifs were identified. For example, the CARD domains of CARD-3 and CARD-4 were aligned (FIG. 7) with the CARD domains of ARC-CARD (SEQ ID NO:31), cIAP1-CARD (SEQ ID NO:32) and cIAP2-CARD (SEQ ID NO:33). In addition, the molecular weight of the human CARD-3 and CARD-4L/S proteins were predicted.

[0327] The human CARD-3 cDNA was isolated as described above (FIG. 1; SEQ ID NO:1) and encodes a 540 amino acid protein (FIG. 2: SEQ ID NO:2). CARD-3 also includes one predicted kinase domain (amino acid 1 to amino acid 300 of SEQ ID NO:2; SEQ ID NO:4), which is followed by a predicted linker domain (amino acid 301 to amino acid 431 of SEQ ID NO:2; SEQ ID NO:5) and a predicted CARD domain (amino acid 432 to amino acid 540 of SEQ ID NO:2; SEQ ID NO:6).

[0328] The human CARD-4L cDNA was isolated as described above (FIG. 3; SEQ ID NO:7) and has a 2859 nucleotide open reading frame (nucleotides 245-3103 of SEQ ID NO:7; SEQ ID NO:9) which encodes a 953 amino acid protein (FIG. 4; SEQ ID NO:8). CARD-4L protein has a predicted CARD domain (amino acids 15-114; SEQ ID NO:10). CARD-4L is also predicted to have a nucleotide binding domain which extends from about amino acid 198 to about amino acid 397 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:11, a predicted Walker Box “A”, which extends from about amino acid 202 to about amino acid 209 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:12, a predicted Walker Box “B”, which extends from about amino acid 280 to about amino acid 284, of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:13, a predicted kinase la (P-loop) domain, which extends from about amino acid 197 to about amino acid 212 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:46, a predicted kinase 2 domain, which extends from about amino acid 273 to about amino acid 288 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:47, a predicted kinase 3a subdomain, which extends from about amino acid 327 to about amino acid 338 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:14, ten predicted Leucine-rich repeats which extend from about amino acid 674 to about amino acid 950 of SEQ ID NO:8. The first Leucine-rich repeat is predicted to extend from about amino acid 674 to about amino acid 701 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:15. The second Leucine-rich repeat is predicted to extend from about amino acid 702 to about amino acid 727 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:16. The third Leucine-rich repeat is predicted to extend from about amino acid 728 to about amino acid 754 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:17. The fourth Leucine-rich repeat is predicted to extend from about amino acid 755 to about amino acid 782 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:18. The fifth Leucine-rich repeat is predicted to extend from about amino acid 783 to about amino acid 810 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:19. The sixth Leucine-rich repeat is predicted to extend from about amino acid 811 to about amino acid 838 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:20. The seventh Leucine-rich repeat is predicted to extend from about amino acid 839 to about amino acid 866 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:21. The eighth Leucine-rich repeat is predicted to extend from about amino acid 867 to about amino acid 894 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:22. The ninth Leucine-rich repeat is predicted to extend from about amino acid 895 to about amino acid 922 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:23 and the tenth leucine-rich repeat is predicted to extend from about amino acid 923 to about amino acid 950 of SEQ ID NO:8; SEQ ID NO:24.

[0329] The human partial CARD-4S cDNA isolated as described above (FIG. 5; SEQ ID NO:25) encodes a 490 amino acid protein (FIG. 6; SEQ ID NO:26). CARD-4S includes one predicted partial CARD domain (amino acids 1-74 of SEQ ID NO:26). CARD-4S is also predicted to have a P-Loop which extends from about amino acid 163 to about amino acid 170 of SEQ ID NO:26; SEQ ID NO:29, and a predicted Walker Box “B” which extends form about amino acid 241 to about amino acid 245 of SEQ ID NO:26; SEQ ID NO:30.

[0330] A plot showing the predicted structural features of CARD-4L is presented in FIG. 8. This figure shows the predicted alpha regions (Garnier-Robinson and Chou-Fasman), the predicted beta regions (Garnier-Robinson and Chou-Fasman), the predicted turn regions (Garnier-Robinson and Chou-Fasman) and the predicted coil regions (Garnier-Robinson and Chou-Fasman). Also included in the figure is a hydrophilicity plot (Kyte-Doolittle), the predicted alpha and beta-amphatic regions (Eisenberg), the predicted flexible regions (Karplus-Schulz), the predicted antigenic index (Jameson-Wolf) and the predicted surface probability plot (Emini).

[0331] A plot showing the predicted sturctural features of CARD-4S is also presented in FIG. 9. This figure shows the predicted alpha regions (Garnier-Robinson and Chou-Fasman), the predicted beta regions (Garnier-Robinson and Chou-Fasman), the predicted turn regions (Garnier-Robinson and Chou-Fasman) and the predicted coil regions (Garnier-Robinson and Chou-Fasman). Also included in the figure is a hydrophilicity plot (Kyte-Doolittle), the predicted alpha and beta-amphatic regions (Eisenberg), the predicted flexible regions (Karplus-Schulz), the predicted antigenic index (Jameson-Wolf) and the predicted surface probability plot (Emini).

[0332] The predicted MW of CARD-3 is approximately 61 kDa. The predicted MW of CARD-4L is approximately 108 kDa.

Example 3 Preparation of CARD-3 and CARD-4 Proteins

[0333] Recombinant CARD-3 and CARD-4 can be produced in a variety of expression systems. For example, the CARD-3 and CARD-4 peptides can be expressed as a recombinant glutathione-S-transferase (GST) fusion protein in E. coli and the fusion protein can be isolated and characterized. Specifically, as described above, CARD-3 or CARD-4 can be fused to GST and the fusion protein can be expressed in E. coli strain PEB199. Expression of the GST-CARD-3 or GST-CARD-4 fusion protein in PEB199 can be induced with IPTG. The recombinant fusion protein can be purified from crude bacterial lysates of the induced PEB199 strain by affinity chromatography on glutathione beads.

Example 4 Identification of Splice Variants of CARD-4

[0334] The 5′ untranslated sequence from CARD-4L was used to search databases of cDNA sequences and partial cDNA sequences using BLASTN (Washington University; version 2.0, BLOSUM62 search matrix) for additional CARD-4 cDNA clones. This search led to the identification of two cDNA clones, clone Z from a human lymph node library and the Y clone from a human brain cDNA library. Both clones were sequenced and found to represent probable splice variants of CARD-4 that encode truncated CARD-4 proteins, Y encoding a 249 amino acid protein and Z encoding a 164 amino acid protein. FIG. 10 shows the nucleotide (SEQ ID NO:38) and FIG. 11 the predicted amino acid (SEQ ID NO:39) sequences of human CARD-4Y; FIG. 12 shows the nucleotide (SEQ ID NO:40) and FIG. 13 the amino acid (SEQ ID NO:41) sequences of human CARD-4Z; and FIG. 14 shows an alignment of the CARD-4L, CARD-4Y, and CARD-4Z amino acid sequences generated by the Clustal program using a PAM250 residue weight table.

Example 5 Identification of Murine CARD-4

[0335] The CARD-4 polypeptide sequence was used to search databases of cDNA sequences and partial cDNA sequences using the TBLASTN program (version 1.4, BLOSUM62 search matrix, and a word length of 3) for murine CARD-4 cDNA clones. This search led to the identification of a partial murine CARD-4 clone designated murine CARD-4L. The rapid identification of cDNA ends procedure (RACE) was applied to the 5′ end of the murine CARD-4L clone to elucidate the 5′ end of the murine CARD-4L cDNA. FIG. 15 shows the murine CARD-4L nucleotide sequence (SEQ ID NO:42), FIG. 16 shows the murine CARD-4L amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO:43), and FIG. 17 shows an alignment of the murine CARD-4L and human CARD-4L amino acid sequences generated by the Clustal program using a PAM250 residue weight table.

Example 6 Identification of the Chromosomal Location of Human CARD-4

[0336] To determine the chromosomal location of the human CARD-4 gene, the polymerase chain reaction carried out with human CARD-4-specific primers card4t, with the 5′ to 3′ sequence agaaggtctggtcggcaaa (SEQ ID NO:44), and card4k, with the 5′ to 3′ sequence aagccctgagtggaagca (SEQ ID NO:45), was used to screen DNAs from a commercially available somatic cell hybrid panel. This analysis showed that human CARD-4 maps to chromosome 7 close to the SHGC-31928 genetic marker.

Example 7 Identification of CARD-3 in a Yeast Two-Hybrid Screen for Proteins that Physically Interact with the CARD Domain of Human CARD-4

[0337] DNA encoding amino acids 1-145 of human CARD-4 comprising the CARD domain was cloned into a yeast two-hybrid screening vector to create a CARD-4,1-145-GAL4 DNA-binding domain fusion for two-hybrid screening. The CARD-4,1-145-GAL4 DNA-binding domain fusion was used to screen human mammary gland and human prostate two-hybrid libraries for gene products that could physically associate with CARD-4,1-145. Twelve library plasmids expressing CARD4,1-145 interacting proteins were found to contain the CARD-domain containing protein CARD-3 thus establishing a direct or indirect physical interaction between CARD-4 and CARD-3.

[0338] In addition, DNA encoding amino acids 435-540 of CARD-3 comprising the CARD domain of CARD-3 (SEQ ID NO:6) was cloned into a yeast two-hybrid GAL4 transcriptional activation domain fusion vector to create a CARD-3,435-540-GAL4 transcriptional activation domain fusion. To test whether the CARD domain of CARD-3 binds CARD-4,1-145, the CARD-3,435-540-GAL4 transcriptional activation domain fusion expression vector and the CARD-4,1-145-GAL4 DNA-binding domain fusion vector were cotransformed into a two-hybrid screening Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast) strain. The resulting cotransformed yeast strain expressed the two reporter genes that indicate a physical interaction between the two hybrid proteins in the experiment, in this case, the CARD-3,435-540-GAL4 transcriptional activation domain fusion protein and the CARD-4,1-145-GAL4 DNA-binding domain fusion protein. This experiment established a physical interaction between the CARD domain of CARD-3 and the CARD domain of CARD-4.

Example 8 Identification of hNUDC in a Yeast Two-Hybrid Screen for Proteins that Physically Interact with the LRR Domain of Human CARD-4

[0339] DNA encoding amino acids 406-953 of human CARD-4L comprising the LRR domain was cloned into a yeast two-hybrid screening vector to create a CARD-4,406-953-GAL4 DNA-binding domain fusion for two-hybrid screening. The CARD-4,406-953-GAL4 DNA-binding domain fusion was used to screen a human mammary gland two-hybrid library for gene products that could physically associate with CARD-4,406-953. One library plasmid expressing a CARD-4,406-953 interacting protein was found to contain the hNUDC protein, the human ortholog of the rat NUDC protein that has been implicated in nuclear movement (Morris et al., Curr. Biol. 8:603 [1998], Morris et al., Exp. Cell Res. 238:23 [1998]), thus establishing a physical interaction between CARD-4 and hNUDC.

Example 9 Discovery of Regulation by CARD-4 of NF-κB

[0340] The first group of experiments described in this Example were carried out to determine if CARD-4 can activate the NF-κB pathway. CARD-4 regulation of the NF-κB pathway is of interest because the NF-κB pathway is involved in many diseases described in (New England Journal of Medicine 336:1066 [1997]) and (American Journal of Cardiology 76:18C [1995]) and other references known to those skilled in the art. Participation of CARD-4 in the NF-κB pathway would make CARD-4 an attractive target for drugs that modulate the NF-κB pathway for treatment of NF-κB pathway-dependent diseases, conditions, and biological processes.

[0341] The first group of experiments showed specific CARD-4-mediated NF-κB pathway induction.

[0342] The second group of experiments described in this Example were carried out to determine if CARD-3, the NIK serine/threonine protein kinase (Su et al., EMBO J. 16:1279 [1997]), or the signal transduction protein TRAF6 (Cao et al., Nature 383:443 [1996]), proteins known to participate in the induction of NF-κB (McCarthy et al., J. Biol. Chem. 273:16968 [1998]), are involved in transducing the CARD-4-dependent NF-κB pathway induction signal. It was found that CARD-3, NIK, and TRAF6 are all involved in transducing the CARD-4-mediated NF-κB pathway induction signal.

[0343] In nine transfection experiments, 293T cells coexpressing an NF-κB reporter plasmid and either pCI, pCI-CARD-4L (expressing CARD-4L), pCI-CARD-4S (expressing CARD-4S), pCI-APAFL (expressing Apaf-1), pCI-APAFS (expressing an Apaf-1 variant lacking WD repeats), pCI-CARD-4LnoCARD (expressing CARD-4L without a CARD domain), pCI-CARD4LnoLRR (expressing CARD-4L without a LRR), pCI-CARD4LCARDonly (expressing CARD-4L CARD domain only), or pCI-CARD4NBSonly (expressing CARD-4L nucleotide binding sequence only) were created. 293T cells cells were plated in 6-well plates (35 mm wells) and transfected 2 days later (90% confluency) with 1 μg of NF-κB luciferase reporter plasmid (pNF-κB-Luc, Stratagene), 200 ng of pCMV IS-gal, 600 ng of pCI vector and 200 ng of indicated expression plasmids using SuperFect transfection reagent (Qiagen). For dominant-negative experiments, 2 ng of CARD4 expressing plasmid and 800 ng of dominant-negative plasmid were used. Cells were harvested 48 h after transfection and luciferase activity in 1000-fold diluted cell extracts was determined using the Luciferase Assay System (Promega). In addition, β-galactosidase activities were determined and used to normalize transfection efficiency.

[0344] Relative luciferase activity was determined at the end of the experiment to assess NF-κB pathway activation by the gene expressed by the pCI-based plasmid in each transfected cell line. The cell lines containing pCI, pCI-APAFS, pCI-APAFL, pCI-CARD-4LnoCARD, and pCI-CARD4NBSonly had similar baseline levels of luciferase expression but the cell lines containing pCI-CARD-4L, pCI-CARD4LnoLRR, and pCI-CARD4LCARDonly had luciferase expression about nine fold elevated relative to baseline and the cell line containing pCI-CARD4S had luciferase expression sixteen fold elevated relative to baseline. This result demonstrates induction by CARD-4S and CARD-4L of the NF-κB pathway. This CARD-4 mediated NF-κB pathway induction is dependent on the CARD-4 CARD domain because the pCI-CARD-4noCARD construct expressing CARD-4 lacking its CARD domain did not induce the luciferase reporter gene and pCI-CARD4LCARDonly expressing the CARD-4 CARD domain did induce the luciferase reporter gene. Also, the CARD-4 LRR domains are not required for NF-κB pathway activation because pCI-CARD4LnoLRR expressing a CARD-4 mutant protein lacking LRR domains is able to induce the luciferase reporter gene. In addition, the CARD-4 NBS domain is not sufficient for NF-κB pathway activation because pCI-CARD4NBSonly expressing CARD-4 NBS domain is not able to induce the luciferase reporter gene. In addition, the induction of the NF-κB pathway by CARD-4 is specific, as neither Apaf-expressing construct in this experiment induced luciferase activation.

[0345] In five transfection experiments, 293T cells coexpressing an NF-κB reporter plasmid (NF-κB-luciferase, Stratagene) and pCI-CARD-4L and either, no vector, pCI-TRAF6-DN (expressing a dominant negative version of TRAF-6), pCI-NIK-DN (expressing a dominant negative version of NIK kinase), pCI-CARD3CARDonly (expressing the CARD domain of CARD-3, which acts as a dominant negative version of CARD-3), or pCI-Bcl-XL (expressing the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-XL) were created. TRAF6-DN, NIK-DN, and CARD3-CARDonly are dominant negative alleles of the TRAF6, NIK, and CARD3 genes, respectively. After 48 hours, cells were lysed and the relative luciferase activity was determined (Promega Kit) to assess NF-κB pathway activation by the genes expressed by the one or two pCI-based plasmids in each transfected cell line. The cell lines containing pCI-CARD-4L only or pCI-CARD-4L and pCI-Bcl-XL had relative luciferase reporter gene expression of about 18 units. The cell lines containing pCI-CARD-4L and pCI-TRAF6-DN, pCI-CARD-4L and pCI-NIK-DN, or pCI-CARD-4L and pCI-CARD3CARDonly had relative luciferase reporter gene expression of about 4 units. Inhibition of CARD-4L-mediated NF-κB pathway induction by TRAF6-DN, NIK-DN, and CARD-3CARDonly is specific as Bcl-XL did not inhibit CARD-4L-mediated NF-κB pathway induction.

[0346] These results demonstrate that dominant negative alleles of TRAF6, NIK and CARD-3 expressed, respectively, from pCI-TRAF6-DN, pCI-NIK-DN, and pCI-CARD3CARDonly block induction of the NF-κB reporter gene by CARD-4L expression (pCI-CARD-4L) and suggest that TRAF6, NIK, and CARD-3 act downstream of CARD-4L to transduce the CARD-4L NF-κB pathway induction stimulus.

[0347] In an additional experiment, coexpression of CARD-4 and the CARD domain of CARD-3 revealed that the CARD domain of CARD-3 functions as a dominant negative mutant suggesting that CARD-3 is a downstream mediator of CARD-4 function.

Example 10 Discovery of CARD-4 Enhancement of Caspase-9 Activity

[0348] In ten transfection experiments, 293T cells coexpressing a beta galactosidase-expressing plasmid (pCMV β-gal from Stratagene) as a marker for viable cells and either pCI, pCI-CARD-3, pCI-APAF, pCI-CARD-4L, pCI-CARD-4S, pCI-CARD4LnoLRR, pCI-CARD4NBSonly, pCI-CARD4LCARDonly, pCI-CARD-4LnoCARD or pCI-casp9 (expressing caspase-9) were created. Transfections included 400 ng of pCMV β-gal, 800 ng of expression plasmid, and Superfect transfection reagent from Qiagen and were carried out according to the manufacturer's directions. After 40-48 hours, cells were fixed and stained for beta-galactosidase expression and cell viability was determined by counting the number of beta galactosidase positive cells. Expression of pCI, pCI-CARD-3, pCI-APAF, pCI-CARD-4L, pCI-CARD-4S, pCI-CARD4LnoLRR, pCI-CARD4NBSonly, pCI-CARD4LCARDonly, and pCI-CARD-4LnoCARD did not result in loss of cell viability. As expected, expression of pCI-casp9 in 293T cells resulted in a loss of viability of about 75% of the cells in the experiment.

[0349] It was next tested whether pCI, pCI-CARD-3, pCI-APAF, pCI-CARD-4L, pCI-CARD-4S, pCI-CARD4LnoLRR, pCI-CARD4NBSonly, pCI-CARD4LCARDonly, or pCI-CARD-4LnoCARD would regulate caspase 9-mediated apoptosis. In nine transfection experiments, 293T cells coexpressing a beta galactosidase-expressing plasmid as a marker for viable cells, pCI-casp9, and either pCI, pCI-CARD-3, pCI-APAF, pCI-CARD-4L, pCI-CARD-4S, pCI-CARD4LnoLRR, pCI-CARD4NBSonly, pCI-CARD4LCARDonly, and pCI-CARD-4LnoCARD were created. After 40-48 hours, cells were fixed and stained for beta-galactosidase expression and cell viability was determined by counting the number of beta galactosidase positive cells. Expression of pCI, pCI-CARD-4LnoCARD, and pCI-CARD4NBSonly in the caspase 9-expressing 293T cells had no effect on the caspase 9-induced apoptosis. However, pCI-CARD-3, pCI-CARD-4L, pCI-CARD-4S, pCI-CARD4LnoLRR, pCI-CARD4LCARDonly and, as expected, pCI-APAF enhanced the level of caspase 9-induced apoptosis to 20 or less beta galactosidase positive cells per experiment from about 100 beta glactosidase positive cells per experiment.

[0350] This experiment demonstrated that CARD-4 can enhance caspase 9-mediated apoptosis because coexpression of CARD-4L or CARD-4S with caspase-9 dramatically increases caspase-9 mediated apoptosis. Furthermore, the CARD-4 CARD domain (SEQ ID NO:10) is necessary and sufficient for CARD-4-mediated enhancement of caspase-9-potentiated apoptosis because CARD-4L lacking its CARD domain (pCI-CARD-4LnoCARD) does not enhance caspase-9-mediated apoptosis while the CARD-4 CARD domain expressed alone (pCI-CARD4LCARDonly) does induce caspase-9 mediated apoptosis. In addition, the LRR present in CARD-4 is not required for CARD-4 enhancement of caspase-9-mediated apoptosis because expression of a CARD-4 protein lacking the LRR (pCI-CARD4LnoLRR) still enhances caspase-9-mediated apoptosis. The CARD-4 NBS is not sufficient for CARD-4 enhancement of caspase-9-mediated apoptosis because expression of the CARD-4 NBS only (pCI-CARD4NBSonly) does not enhance caspase-9 mediated apoptosis. This experiment also demonstrates that CARD-3 can enhance caspase-9-mediated apoptosis.

[0351] As detailed below in Example 12, CARD-4 does not appear to interact directly with caspase-9, suggesting that potentiation of caspase-9 activity by CARD-4 is mediated by activation of downstream pathways.

Example 11 Identification and Tissue Distribution of mRNA Species Expressed by the Human CARD-4 Gene

[0352] Northern analysis of mRNAs extracted from adult human tissues revealed a 4.6 kilobase mRNA band that was expressed in most tissues examined. Highest expression was observed heart, spleen, placenta and lung. CARD-4 was also observed to be expressed in fetal brain, lung, liver and kidney. Cancer cell lines expressing the 4.6 kilobase CARD-4 mRNA include HeLa, K562, Molt4, SW480, A549 and melanoma. A larger 6.5 to 7.0 kilobase CARD-4 mRNA was expressed in heart, spleen, lung, fetal lung, fetal liver, and in the Molt4 and SW480 cell lines.

Example 12 Physical Association of CARD-4 with CARD-3

[0353] CARD-4-specific PCR primers with the 3′ primer encoding the HA epitope tag were used to amplify the CARD-4L gene epitope tagged with HA and this PCR product was cloned into the mammalian expression vector pCI. CARD-3-specific PCR primers with the 5′ primer encoding the MYC epitope tag were used to amplify the CARD-3 gene epitope tagged with MYC and this PCR product was cloned into the mammalian expression vector pCI. CARD-3-specific PCR primers with the 5′ primer encoding the MYC epitope tag were used to amplify the CARD-3 gene lacking the CARD domain (SEQ ID NO:6) epitope tagged with MYC and this PCR product was cloned into the mammalian expression vector pCI. Caspase 9-specific PCR primers with the 3′ primer encoding the MYC epitope tag were used to amplify the caspase 9 gene epitope tagged with MYC and this PCR product was cloned into the mammalian expression vector pCI. In three transfection experiments, 293T cells coexpressing pCI-CARD-4LcHA and either pCI-CARD3 nMYC, pCI-CARD3noCARDnMYC, or pCI-casp9cMYC were created. Cells from each transfected line were lysed and an immunoprecipitation procedure was carried out on each lysate with an anti-MYC epitope tag antibody to precipitate the CARD-4LcHA expressed by each cell line and any physically associated proteins. Immunoprecipitated proteins were separated by electrophoresis on denaturing polyacrylamide gels, transferred to nylon filters, and probed with an anti-HA epitope tag antibody in a Western blotting experiment to determine whether the MYC-tagged protein that was coexpressed with the CARD-4LcHA protein had coimmunoprecipitated with the CARD-4LcHA protein. In this experiment, CARD-3 was found to coimmunoprecipitate with CARD-4 while CARD-3 lacking its CARD domain and caspase-9 did not coimmunoprecipitate with CARD-4. This experiment demonstrates that CARD-4 and CARD-3 physically associate and that CARD-3 requires its CARD domain to associate with CARD-4. In addition, CARD-4 appears to not associate with caspase-9.

Example 13 CARD-4 Genomic Sequence

[0354]FIG. 18 is depicts the 32042 nucleotide genomic sequence of CARD-4 (SEQ ID NO:63). This sequence is based the CARD-4 cDNA sequence described above and a BAC sequence (DBEST Accession No. AC006027). The CARD-4 cDNA sequence described above was used to correct three errors in the BAC sequence, including one error resulting in a frameshift. The CARD-4 genomic sequence of FIG. 18 includes the following introns and exons: exon 1: nucleotides 364-685, encoding amino acids 1-67 (start codon at nucleotides 485-487); intron 1: nucleotides 686-2094; exon 2: nucleotides 2095-2269, encoding amino acids 67-126; intron 2: nucleotides 2270-4365; exon 3: nucleotides 366-6190, encoding amino acids 126-734; intron 3: nucleotides 6191-9024; exon 4: nucleotides 9025-9108, encoding amino acids 734-762; intron 4: nucleotides 9109-10355; exon 5: nucleotides 10356-10439, encoding amino acids 762-790; intron 5: nucleotides 10440-11181; exon 6: nucleotides 1182-11265, encoding amino acids 790-818; intron 6: nucleotides 11266-19749; exon 7: nucleotides 19750-19833, encoding amino acids 818-846; intron 7: nucleotides 19834-21324; exon 8: nucleotides 21325-21408, encoding amino acids 846-874; intron 8: nucleotides 21409-24226; exon 9: nucleotides 24227-24310, amino acids 874-903; intron 9: nucleotides 24311-27948; exon 10: nucleotides 27949-28032, amino acids 903-930; intron 10: nucleotides 28033-31695; exon 11: nucleotides 31696-32024, encoding amino acids 930-953 (stop codon at nucleotides 31766-31768).

[0355] The introns in the CARD-4 genomic sequence contain consensus splice donor and acceptor sites (Molecular Cell Biology, Darnell et al., eds., 1996). The CARD-4 genomic sequence is usful for genetic identification and mapping and identifying mutations, e.g., mutations is splice donor or splice acceptor sites.

Example 14 Isolation and Characterization of Full-Length Murine CARD-5 and Human CARD-5

[0356] The amino acid sequence of the CARD domain of RAIDD (amino acids 1 to 94) was used to search a proprietary murine cDNA sequence database using the BLASTX program with the BLOSUM62 matrix and a protein word length of three. This search led to the identification of a murine clone, jtmaa010ht2, present in a coronary artery smooth muscle cell library. This clone encodes a protein designated CARD-5. The 761 nucleotide murine CARD-5 cDNA of SEQ ID NO:60 has a 579 nucleotide open reading frame (SEQ ID NO:62) encoding a 193 amino acid protein (SEQ ID NO:61). The cDNA and protein sequences of murine CARD-5 are shown in FIG. 19.

[0357] Murine CARD-5 is predicted to be an intracellular protein having a molecular weight of 21.4 kDa prior to post-translational modification.

[0358]FIG. 20 depicts a hydropathy plot of murine CARD-5. Relatively hydrophobic residues are above the dashed horizontal line, and relatively hydrophilic residues are below the dashed horizontal line. The cysteine residues (cys) and potential N-glycosylation sites (Ngly) are indicated by short vertical lines just below the hydropathy trace.

[0359] The murine CARD-5 nucleotide sequence was used to search a proprietary database of human cDNA sequences. This search led to the identification of a human CARD-5 cDNA clone, jthza027gl1t1, present in a testes library.

[0360] The 740 nucleotide murine CARD-5 cDNA of SEQ ID NO:48 has a 585 nucleotide open reading frame (SEQ ID NO:50) encoding a 195 amino acid protein (SEQ ID NO:49). The cDNA and protein sequences of human CARD-5 are shown in FIG. 21.

[0361] Human CARD-5 is predicted to be an intracellular protein having a molecular weight of 21.6 kDa prior to post-translational modification.

[0362]FIG. 22 depicts a hydropathy plot of human CARD-5. Relatively hydrophobic residues are above the dashed horizontal line, and relatively hydrophilic residues are below the dashed horizontal line. The cysteine residues (cys) and potential N-glycosylation sites (Ngly) are indicated by short vertical lines just below the hydropathy trace.

[0363]FIG. 23 depicts an alignment of the cDNA sequences of murine (SEQ ID NO:60) and human (SEQ ID NO:48) CARD-5. In this alignment the sequences are 68.2% identical. FIG. 24 depicts an alignment of the amino acid sequences of murine (SEQ ID NO:61) and human (SEQ ID NO:49) CARD-5. In this alignment the sequences are 71.8% identical.

[0364] Both murine and human CARD-5 include a CARD domain. The CARD domain of murine CARD-5 extends from amino acid 110 to 179 of SEQ ID NO:61 (SEQ ID NO:57). The CARD domain of human CARD-5 extends from amino acid 111 to 181 of SEQ ID NO:49 (SEQ ID NO:58). FIG. 27 depicts an alignment of the CARD domains of murine CARD-5 (SEQ ID NO:57), human CARD-5 (SEQ ID NO:58), and RAIDD (SEQ ID NO:70).

Example 15 Isolation and Characterization of Full-Length Rat CARD-6 and Human CARD-6

[0365] A generalized CARD domain model was used to search a proprietary rat cDNA sequence database. This search led to the identification of a rat cDNA clone present in a sciatic nerve cDNA library. This clone encodes a protein desigated CARD-6. The 5252 nucleotide rat CARD-6 cDNA of SEQ ID NO:51 has a 2715 nucleotide open reading frame (SEQ ID NO:53) encoding a 905 amino acid protein (SEQ ID NO:52). The cDNA and protein sequences of rat CARD-6 are shown in FIG. 25.

[0366] Rat CARD-6 is predicted to be an intracellular protein having a molecular weight of 100.2 kDa prior to post-translational modification.

[0367]FIG. 26 depicts a hydropathy plot of rat CARD-6. Relatively hydrophobic residues are above the dashed horizontal line, and relatively hydrophilic residues are below the dashed horizontal line. The cysteine residues (cys) and potential N-glycosylation sites (Ngly) are indicated by short vertical lines just below the hydropathy trace.

[0368] Rat CARD-6 contains a CARD domain which extends from amino acid 1 to amino acid 108 of SEQ ID NO:52 (SEQ ID NO:59). Rat CARD-6 also has a proline-rich c-terminus which extends from amino acid 698 to amino acid 905 of SEQ ID NO:52 (SEQ ID NO:65). This proline-rich domain includes five putative SH3 binding sites. These binding sites have the sequence PXXP and are located at amino acids 710 to 713 (PAHP), 806 to 809 (PLRP), 819 to 822 (PIPP), 857 to 860 (PPHP), and 881 to 884 (PSQP) of SEQ ID NO:52.

[0369] The rat CARD-6 cDNA sequence described above was used to search a proprietary sequence database. This search led to the identification of a clone from a human muscle cell library encoding a carboxy-terminal portion of human CARD-6. A probe designed based on the sequence of this clone was used to screen a human adrenal gland library. This screening led to the identification of a clone encoding an amino-terminal portion of human CARD-6. The clone encoding an amino terminal portion of human CARD-6 contains a region encoding a CARD domain. This CARD domain-encoding sequence was used to screen a proprietary database. This screening led to the identification of a clone, jthAb086d02, present in an adrenal gland library, which encodes full length human CARD-6.

[0370] The 4244 nucleotide human CARD-6 cDNA of SEQ ID NO:54 has a 3111 nucleotide open reading frame (SEQ ID NO:56) encoding a 1037 amino acid protein (SEQ ID NO:55). The cDNA and protein sequences of human CARD-6 are shown in FIG. 28.

[0371] N-glycosylation sites are present at amino acids 49-52, 415-418, and 812-815 of SEQ ID NO:55. Human CARD-6 contains cAMP and cGMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation sites at amino acids 151-154 and 429-432 of SEQ ID NO:55. Protein kinase C phosphorylation sites are present at amino acids 34-36, 57-59, 135-137, 154-156, 161-163, 298-300, 339-341, 346-348, 443-445, 664-666, 693-695, 746-748, 882-884, 905-907 and 951-953 of SEQ ID NO:55. Casein kinase II phosphorylation sites are present at amino acids 6-9, 28-31, 40-43, 112-115, 135-138, 154-157, 278-281, 321-324, 339-342, 354-357, 642-645, 670-673, and 707-710 of SEQ ID NO:55. Tyrosine kinase phosphorylation sites are present at amino acids 37-34 and 163-169 of SEQ ID NO:55. An ATP/GTP-binding site motif A (P-loop) site is present at amino acids 775-782 of SEQ ID NO:55.

[0372]FIG. 29 depicts a hydropathy plot of human CARD-6. Relatively hydrophobic regions are above the horizontal line, and relatively hydrophilic regions are below the horizontal line. Cysteine residues are indicated by short vertical lines just below the hydropathy trace.

[0373] Human CARD-6 is predicted to have a molecular weight of 116.5 kD before post-translational modification.

[0374] Human CARD-6 includes a CARD domain at amino acids 5-92 of SEQ ID NO:55 (SEQ ID NO:64). FIG. 30 depicts an alignment of the CARD domain domain of human CARD-6 and a consensus CARD domain derived from a hidden Markov model (SEQ ID NO:67).

[0375] Northern blot analysis of rat CARD-6 expression revealed that CARD-6 is expressed at a high level in the heart (6.5 kb transcript and a 7 kb transcript). This analysis also revealed that human CARD-6 is expressed in the brain, spleen, lung, liver, muscle, and kidney.

Example 16 CARD-6 Increases Intracellular Signalling

[0376] The studies described in this Example demonstrate that CARD-6 expression can increase intracellular signalling.

[0377] In a first study, a vector which expresses rat CARD-6 under the control of a CMV promoter was transiently transfected into 293 cells along with pNFκβ-Luc (Stratagene Inc., LaJolla, Calif.). The pNFκβ-Luc vector is a reporter plasmid in which a luciferase gene is under the control of a promoter which includes a TATA box and five NFκβ binding elements. Cotransfection of the rat CARD-6 expression vector increased luciferase expression by pNFκβ-Luc 18-fold over that observed in the absence of the rat CARD-6 expression vector. This result indicates that CARD-6 stimulates a signalling pathway involving NF-κβ.

[0378] In a second study, a vector expressing CARD-6 under the control of the CMV promoter was transiently transfected into 293 cells along with pAP-1-Luc (Strategene, Inc.). The pAP-1-Luc vector is a reported plasmid in which a luciferase gene is under the control of a promoter which includes a TATA box and seven AP-1 binding sites. Co-transfection of the rat CARD-6 expression vector increased luciferase expression by pAP-1-Luc 4-fold over that observed in the absence of the rat CARD-6 expression vector. This result indicates that CARD-6 stimulates a signalling pathway involving AP-1.

[0379] Additional studies suggest that CARD-6 can stimulate phosphorylation of CHOP (GADD153), possibly by activating the stress activated kinase, JNK/p38.

Example 17 Deposit of Clones

[0380] A plasmid containing a cDNA encoding human CARD-3 (pXE17A) was deposited with the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), Manasass, Va. on May 14, 1998, and assigned Accession Number 203037.

[0381] A plasmid containing a cDNA encoding human CARD-4L (pC4L1) was deposited with the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), Manasass, Va. on Jul. 7, 1998, and assigned Accession Number 203035.

[0382] A plasmid containing a cDNA encoding human CARD-4S (pDB33E) was deposited with the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), Manasass, Va. on May 14, 1998, and assigned Accession Number 203036.

[0383] A plasmid containing a cDNA encoding murine CARD-5 (EpMC5) was deposited with the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), Manasass, Va. on Jun. 11, 1999, and assigned Accession Number PTA-212.

[0384] A plasmid containing a cDNA encoding rat CARD-6 (EpRC6) was deposited with the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), Manassas, Va. on Jun. 11, 1999, and assigned Accession Number PTA-211.

[0385] A clone (EpHC5) containing a cDNA molecule encoding human CARD-S, a clone (EpCH6e) containing a cDNA molecule encoding an amino terminal portion of human CARD-6, a clone (EpHC6c) containing a cDNA molecule encoding a carboxy terminal portion of human CARD-6, and a clone (EpHC6) containing a cDNA molecule encoding human CARD-6 were deposited with the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) Manassas, Va. on Jun. 11, 1999, as a composite deposit and assigned Accession Number PTA-213. To distinguish the strains and isolate a strain harboring a particular cDNA clone, one can first streak out an aliquot of the mixture to single colonies on nutrient medium (e.g., LB plates) supplemented with 100 μg/ml ampicillin, grow single colonies, and then extract the plasmid DNA from a selected colony using a standard minipreparation procedure. Next, one can digest a sample of the DNA minipreparation with a combination of the restriction enzymes Sal I and Not I and resolve the resultant products on a 0.8% agarose gel using standard DNA electrophoresis conditions. The digestion will liberate DNA fragments as follows: Human CARD-5 (EpHC5) 0.6 kb and 3.0 kb Human CARD-6 amino- 1.0 kb and 4.3 kb terminal portion (EpHC6e) (amino acids 1-279) Human CARD-6 carboxy 3.8 kb and 3.0 kb terminal portion (EpHC6c) (amino acid 93-1037) Human CARD-6 (EpHC6) 4.2 kb and 3.0 kb (amino acids 1-1037)

EQUIVALENTS

[0386] Those skilled in the art will recognize, or be able to ascertain using no more than routine experimentation, many equivalents to the specific embodiments of the invention described herein. Such equivalents are intended to be encompassed by the following claims.

1 71 1 1931 DNA Homo sapiens CDS (214)...(1833) 1 ccacgcgtcc ggtcagctct ggttcggaga agcagcggct ggcgtgggcc atccggggaa 60 tgggcgccct cgtgacctag tgttgcgggg caaaaagggt cttgccggcc tcgctcgtgc 120 aggggcgtat ctgggcgcct gagcgcggcg tgggagcctt gggagccgcc gcagcagggg 180 gcacacccgg aaccggcctg agcgcccggg acc atg aac ggg gag gcc atc tgc 234 Met Asn Gly Glu Ala Ile Cys 1 5 agc gcc ctg ccc acc att ccc tac cac aaa ctc gcc gac ctg cgc tac 282 Ser Ala Leu Pro Thr Ile Pro Tyr His Lys Leu Ala Asp Leu Arg Tyr 10 15 20 ctg agc cgc ggc gcc tct ggc act gtg tcg tcc gcc cgc cac gca gac 330 Leu Ser Arg Gly Ala Ser Gly Thr Val Ser Ser Ala Arg His Ala Asp 25 30 35 tgg cgc gtc cag gtg gcc gtg aag cac ctg cac atc cac act ccg ctg 378 Trp Arg Val Gln Val Ala Val Lys His Leu His Ile His Thr Pro Leu 40 45 50 55 ctc gac agt gaa aga aag gat gtc tta aga gaa gct gaa att tta cac 426 Leu Asp Ser Glu Arg Lys Asp Val Leu Arg Glu Ala Glu Ile Leu His 60 65 70 aaa gct aga ttt agt tac att ctt cca att ttg gga att tgc aat gag 474 Lys Ala Arg Phe Ser Tyr Ile Leu Pro Ile Leu Gly Ile Cys Asn Glu 75 80 85 cct gaa ttt ttg gga ata gtt act gaa tac atg cca aat gga tca tta 522 Pro Glu Phe Leu Gly Ile Val Thr Glu Tyr Met Pro Asn Gly Ser Leu 90 95 100 aat gaa ctc cta cat agg aaa act gaa tat cct gat gtt gct tgg cca 570 Asn Glu Leu Leu His Arg Lys Thr Glu Tyr Pro Asp Val Ala Trp Pro 105 110 115 ttg aga ttt cgc atc ctg cat gaa att gcc ctt ggt gta aat tac ctg 618 Leu Arg Phe Arg Ile Leu His Glu Ile Ala Leu Gly Val Asn Tyr Leu 120 125 130 135 cac aat atg act cct cct tta ctt cat cat gac ttg aag act cag aat 666 His Asn Met Thr Pro Pro Leu Leu His His Asp Leu Lys Thr Gln Asn 140 145 150 atc tta ttg gac aat gaa ttt cat gtt aag att gca gat ttt ggt tta 714 Ile Leu Leu Asp Asn Glu Phe His Val Lys Ile Ala Asp Phe Gly Leu 155 160 165 tca aag tgg cgc atg atg tcc ctc tca cag tca cga agt agc aaa tct 762 Ser Lys Trp Arg Met Met Ser Leu Ser Gln Ser Arg Ser Ser Lys Ser 170 175 180 gca cca gaa gga ggg aca att atc tat atg cca cct gaa aac tat gaa 810 Ala Pro Glu Gly Gly Thr Ile Ile Tyr Met Pro Pro Glu Asn Tyr Glu 185 190 195 cct gga caa aaa tca agg gcc agt atc aag cac gat ata tat agc tat 858 Pro Gly Gln Lys Ser Arg Ala Ser Ile Lys His Asp Ile Tyr Ser Tyr 200 205 210 215 gca gtt atc aca tgg gaa gtg tta tcc aga aaa cag cct ttt gaa gat 906 Ala Val Ile Thr Trp Glu Val Leu Ser Arg Lys Gln Pro Phe Glu Asp 220 225 230 gtc acc aat cct ttg cag ata atg tat agt gtg tca caa gga cat cga 954 Val Thr Asn Pro Leu Gln Ile Met Tyr Ser Val Ser Gln Gly His Arg 235 240 245 cct gtt att aat gaa gaa agt ttg cca tat gat ata cct cac cga gca 1002 Pro Val Ile Asn Glu Glu Ser Leu Pro Tyr Asp Ile Pro His Arg Ala 250 255 260 cgt atg atc tct cta ata gaa agt gga tgg gca caa aat cca gat gaa 1050 Arg Met Ile Ser Leu Ile Glu Ser Gly Trp Ala Gln Asn Pro Asp Glu 265 270 275 aga cca tct ttc tta aaa tgt tta ata gaa ctt gaa cca gtt ttg aga 1098 Arg Pro Ser Phe Leu Lys Cys Leu Ile Glu Leu Glu Pro Val Leu Arg 280 285 290 295 aca ttt gaa gag ata act ttt ctt gaa gct gtt att cag cta aag aaa 1146 Thr Phe Glu Glu Ile Thr Phe Leu Glu Ala Val Ile Gln Leu Lys Lys 300 305 310 aca aag tta cag agt gtt tca agt gcc att cac cta tgt gac aag aag 1194 Thr Lys Leu Gln Ser Val Ser Ser Ala Ile His Leu Cys Asp Lys Lys 315 320 325 aaa atg gaa tta tct ctg aac ata cct gta aat cat ggt cca caa gag 1242 Lys Met Glu Leu Ser Leu Asn Ile Pro Val Asn His Gly Pro Gln Glu 330 335 340 gaa tca tgt gga tcc tct cag ctc cat gaa aat agt ggt tct cct gaa 1290 Glu Ser Cys Gly Ser Ser Gln Leu His Glu Asn Ser Gly Ser Pro Glu 345 350 355 act tca agg tcc ctg cca gct cct caa gac aat gat ttt tta tct aga 1338 Thr Ser Arg Ser Leu Pro Ala Pro Gln Asp Asn Asp Phe Leu Ser Arg 360 365 370 375 aaa gct caa gac tgt tat ttt atg aag ctg cat cac tgt cct gga aat 1386 Lys Ala Gln Asp Cys Tyr Phe Met Lys Leu His His Cys Pro Gly Asn 380 385 390 cac agt tgg gat agc acc att tct gga tct caa agg gct gca ttc tgt 1434 His Ser Trp Asp Ser Thr Ile Ser Gly Ser Gln Arg Ala Ala Phe Cys 395 400 405 gat cac aag acc att cca tgc tct tca gca ata ata aat cca ctc tca 1482 Asp His Lys Thr Ile Pro Cys Ser Ser Ala Ile Ile Asn Pro Leu Ser 410 415 420 act gca gga aac tca gaa cgt ctg cag cct ggt ata gcc cag cag tgg 1530 Thr Ala Gly Asn Ser Glu Arg Leu Gln Pro Gly Ile Ala Gln Gln Trp 425 430 435 atc cag agc aaa agg gaa gac att gtg aac caa atg aca gaa gcc tgc 1578 Ile Gln Ser Lys Arg Glu Asp Ile Val Asn Gln Met Thr Glu Ala Cys 440 445 450 455 ctt aac cag tcg cta gat gcc ctt ctg tcc agg gac ttg atc atg aaa 1626 Leu Asn Gln Ser Leu Asp Ala Leu Leu Ser Arg Asp Leu Ile Met Lys 460 465 470 gag gac tat gaa ctt gtt agt acc aag cct aca agg acc tca aaa gtc 1674 Glu Asp Tyr Glu Leu Val Ser Thr Lys Pro Thr Arg Thr Ser Lys Val 475 480 485 aga caa tta cta gac act act gac atc caa gga gaa gaa ttt gcc aaa 1722 Arg Gln Leu Leu Asp Thr Thr Asp Ile Gln Gly Glu Glu Phe Ala Lys 490 495 500 gtt ata gta caa aaa ttg aaa gat aac aaa caa atg ggt ctt cag cct 1770 Val Ile Val Gln Lys Leu Lys Asp Asn Lys Gln Met Gly Leu Gln Pro 505 510 515 tac ccg gaa ata ctt gtg gtt tct aga tca cca tct tta aat tta ctt 1818 Tyr Pro Glu Ile Leu Val Val Ser Arg Ser Pro Ser Leu Asn Leu Leu 520 525 530 535 caa aat aaa agc atg taagtgactg tttttcaaga agaaatgtgt ttcataaaag 1873 Gln Asn Lys Ser Met 540 gatatttata aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaa 1931 2 540 PRT Homo sapiens 2 Met Asn Gly Glu Ala Ile Cys Ser Ala Leu Pro Thr Ile Pro Tyr His 1 5 10 15 Lys Leu Ala Asp Leu Arg Tyr Leu Ser Arg Gly Ala Ser Gly Thr Val 20 25 30 Ser Ser Ala Arg His Ala Asp Trp Arg Val Gln Val Ala Val Lys His 35 40 45 Leu His Ile His Thr Pro Leu Leu Asp Ser Glu Arg Lys Asp Val Leu 50 55 60 Arg Glu Ala Glu Ile Leu His Lys Ala Arg Phe Ser Tyr Ile Leu Pro 65 70 75 80 Ile Leu Gly Ile Cys Asn Glu Pro Glu Phe Leu Gly Ile Val Thr Glu 85 90 95 Tyr Met Pro Asn Gly Ser Leu Asn Glu Leu Leu His Arg Lys Thr Glu 100 105 110 Tyr Pro Asp Val Ala Trp Pro Leu Arg Phe Arg Ile Leu His Glu Ile 115 120 125 Ala Leu Gly Val Asn Tyr Leu His Asn Met Thr Pro Pro Leu Leu His 130 135 140 His Asp Leu Lys Thr Gln Asn Ile Leu Leu Asp Asn Glu Phe His Val 145 150 155 160 Lys Ile Ala Asp Phe Gly Leu Ser Lys Trp Arg Met Met Ser Leu Ser 165 170 175 Gln Ser Arg Ser Ser Lys Ser Ala Pro Glu Gly Gly Thr Ile Ile Tyr 180 185 190 Met Pro Pro Glu Asn Tyr Glu Pro Gly Gln Lys Ser Arg Ala Ser Ile 195 200 205 Lys His Asp Ile Tyr Ser Tyr Ala Val Ile Thr Trp Glu Val Leu Ser 210 215 220 Arg Lys Gln Pro Phe Glu Asp Val Thr Asn Pro Leu Gln Ile Met Tyr 225 230 235 240 Ser Val Ser Gln Gly His Arg Pro Val Ile Asn Glu Glu Ser Leu Pro 245 250 255 Tyr Asp Ile Pro His Arg Ala Arg Met Ile Ser Leu Ile Glu Ser Gly 260 265 270 Trp Ala Gln Asn Pro Asp Glu Arg Pro Ser Phe Leu Lys Cys Leu Ile 275 280 285 Glu Leu Glu Pro Val Leu Arg Thr Phe Glu Glu Ile Thr Phe Leu Glu 290 295 300 Ala Val Ile Gln Leu Lys Lys Thr Lys Leu Gln Ser Val Ser Ser Ala 305 310 315 320 Ile His Leu Cys Asp Lys Lys Lys Met Glu Leu Ser Leu Asn Ile Pro 325 330 335 Val Asn His Gly Pro Gln Glu Glu Ser Cys Gly Ser Ser Gln Leu His 340 345 350 Glu Asn Ser Gly Ser Pro Glu Thr Ser Arg Ser Leu Pro Ala Pro Gln 355 360 365 Asp Asn Asp Phe Leu Ser Arg Lys Ala Gln Asp Cys Tyr Phe Met Lys 370 375 380 Leu His His Cys Pro Gly Asn His Ser Trp Asp Ser Thr Ile Ser Gly 385 390 395 400 Ser Gln Arg Ala Ala Phe Cys Asp His Lys Thr Ile Pro Cys Ser Ser 405 410 415 Ala Ile Ile Asn Pro Leu Ser Thr Ala Gly Asn Ser Glu Arg Leu Gln 420 425 430 Pro Gly Ile Ala Gln Gln Trp Ile Gln Ser Lys Arg Glu Asp Ile Val 435 440 445 Asn Gln Met Thr Glu Ala Cys Leu Asn Gln Ser Leu Asp Ala Leu Leu 450 455 460 Ser Arg Asp Leu Ile Met Lys Glu Asp Tyr Glu Leu Val Ser Thr Lys 465 470 475 480 Pro Thr Arg Thr Ser Lys Val Arg Gln Leu Leu Asp Thr Thr Asp Ile 485 490 495 Gln Gly Glu Glu Phe Ala Lys Val Ile Val Gln Lys Leu Lys Asp Asn 500 505 510 Lys Gln Met Gly Leu Gln Pro Tyr Pro Glu Ile Leu Val Val Ser Arg 515 520 525 Ser Pro Ser Leu Asn Leu Leu Gln Asn Lys Ser Met 530 535 540 3 1620 DNA Homo sapiens 3 atgaacgggg aggccatctg cagcgccctg cccaccattc cctaccacaa actcgccgac 60 ctgcgctacc tgagccgcgg cgcctctggc actgtgtcgt ccgcccgcca cgcagactgg 120 cgcgtccagg tggccgtgaa gcacctgcac atccacactc cgctgctcga cagtgaaaga 180 aaggatgtct taagagaagc tgaaatttta cacaaagcta gatttagtta cattcttcca 240 attttgggaa tttgcaatga gcctgaattt ttgggaatag ttactgaata catgccaaat 300 ggatcattaa atgaactcct acataggaaa actgaatatc ctgatgttgc ttggccattg 360 agatttcgca tcctgcatga aattgccctt ggtgtaaatt acctgcacaa tatgactcct 420 cctttacttc atcatgactt gaagactcag aatatcttat tggacaatga atttcatgtt 480 aagattgcag attttggttt atcaaagtgg cgcatgatgt ccctctcaca gtcacgaagt 540 agcaaatctg caccagaagg agggacaatt atctatatgc cacctgaaaa ctatgaacct 600 ggacaaaaat caagggccag tatcaagcac gatatatata gctatgcagt tatcacatgg 660 gaagtgttat ccagaaaaca gccttttgaa gatgtcacca atcctttgca gataatgtat 720 agtgtgtcac aaggacatcg acctgttatt aatgaagaaa gtttgccata tgatatacct 780 caccgagcac gtatgatctc tctaatagaa agtggatggg cacaaaatcc agatgaaaga 840 ccatctttct taaaatgttt aatagaactt gaaccagttt tgagaacatt tgaagagata 900 acttttcttg aagctgttat tcagctaaag aaaacaaagt tacagagtgt ttcaagtgcc 960 attcacctat gtgacaagaa gaaaatggaa ttatctctga acatacctgt aaatcatggt 1020 ccacaagagg aatcatgtgg atcctctcag ctccatgaaa atagtggttc tcctgaaact 1080 tcaaggtccc tgccagctcc tcaagacaat gattttttat ctagaaaagc tcaagactgt 1140 tattttatga agctgcatca ctgtcctgga aatcacagtt gggatagcac catttctgga 1200 tctcaaaggg ctgcattctg tgatcacaag accattccat gctcttcagc aataataaat 1260 ccactctcaa ctgcaggaaa ctcagaacgt ctgcagcctg gtatagccca gcagtggatc 1320 cagagcaaaa gggaagacat tgtgaaccaa atgacagaag cctgccttaa ccagtcgcta 1380 gatgcccttc tgtccaggga cttgatcatg aaagaggact atgaacttgt tagtaccaag 1440 cctacaagga cctcaaaagt cagacaatta ctagacacta ctgacatcca aggagaagaa 1500 tttgccaaag ttatagtaca aaaattgaaa gataacaaac aaatgggtct tcagccttac 1560 ccggaaatac ttgtggtttc tagatcacca tctttaaatt tacttcaaaa taaaagcatg 1620 4 300 PRT Homo sapiens 4 Met Asn Gly Glu Ala Ile Cys Ser Ala Leu Pro Thr Ile Pro Tyr His 1 5 10 15 Lys Leu Ala Asp Leu Arg Tyr Leu Ser Arg Gly Ala Ser Gly Thr Val 20 25 30 Ser Ser Ala Arg His Ala Asp Trp Arg Val Gln Val Ala Val Lys His 35 40 45 Leu His Ile His Thr Pro Leu Leu Asp Ser Glu Arg Lys Asp Val Leu 50 55 60 Arg Glu Ala Glu Ile Leu His Lys Ala Arg Phe Ser Tyr Ile Leu Pro 65 70 75 80 Ile Leu Gly Ile Cys Asn Glu Pro Glu Phe Leu Gly Ile Val Thr Glu 85 90 95 Tyr Met Pro Asn Gly Ser Leu Asn Glu Leu Leu His Arg Lys Thr Glu 100 105 110 Tyr Pro Asp Val Ala Trp Pro Leu Arg Phe Arg Ile Leu His Glu Ile 115 120 125 Ala Leu Gly Val Asn Tyr Leu His Asn Met Thr Pro Pro Leu Leu His 130 135 140 His Asp Leu Lys Thr Gln Asn Ile Leu Leu Asp Asn Glu Phe His Val 145 150 155 160 Lys Ile Ala Asp Phe Gly Leu Ser Lys Trp Arg Met Met Ser Leu Ser 165 170 175 Gln Ser Arg Ser Ser Lys Ser Ala Pro Glu Gly Gly Thr Ile Ile Tyr 180 185 190 Met Pro Pro Glu Asn Tyr Glu Pro Gly Gln Lys Ser Arg Ala Ser Ile 195 200 205 Lys His Asp Ile Tyr Ser Tyr Ala Val Ile Thr Trp Glu Val Leu Ser 210 215 220 Arg Lys Gln Pro Phe Glu Asp Val Thr Asn Pro Leu Gln Ile Met Tyr 225 230 235 240 Ser Val Ser Gln Gly His Arg Pro Val Ile Asn Glu Glu Ser Leu Pro 245 250 255 Tyr Asp Ile Pro His Arg Ala Arg Met Ile Ser Leu Ile Glu Ser Gly 260 265 270 Trp Ala Gln Asn Pro Asp Glu Arg Pro Ser Phe Leu Lys Cys Leu Ile 275 280 285 Glu Leu Glu Pro Val Leu Arg Thr Phe Glu Glu Ile 290 295 300 5 131 PRT Homo sapiens 5 Thr Phe Leu Glu Ala Val Ile Gln Leu Lys Lys Thr Lys Leu Gln Ser 1 5 10 15 Val Ser Ser Ala Ile His Leu Cys Asp Lys Lys Lys Met Glu Leu Ser 20 25 30 Leu Asn Ile Pro Val Asn His Gly Pro Gln Glu Glu Ser Cys Gly Ser 35 40 45 Ser Gln Leu His Glu Asn Ser Gly Ser Pro Glu Thr Ser Arg Ser Leu 50 55 60 Pro Ala Pro Gln Asp Asn Asp Phe Leu Ser Arg Lys Ala Gln Asp Cys 65 70 75 80 Tyr Phe Met Lys Leu His His Cys Pro Gly Asn His Ser Trp Asp Ser 85 90 95 Thr Ile Ser Gly Ser Gln Arg Ala Ala Phe Cys Asp His Lys Thr Ile 100 105 110 Pro Cys Ser Ser Ala Ile Ile Asn Pro Leu Ser Thr Ala Gly Asn Ser 115 120 125 Glu Arg Leu 130 6 109 PRT Homo sapiens 6 Gln Pro Gly Ile Ala Gln Gln Trp Ile Gln Ser Lys Arg Glu Asp Ile 1 5 10 15 Val Asn Gln Met Thr Glu Ala Cys Leu Asn Gln Ser Leu Asp Ala Leu 20 25 30 Leu Ser Arg Asp Leu Ile Met Lys Glu Asp Tyr Glu Leu Val Ser Thr 35 40 45 Lys Pro Thr Arg Thr Ser Lys Val Arg Gln Leu Leu Asp Thr Thr Asp 50 55 60 Ile Gln Gly Glu Glu Phe Ala Lys Val Ile Val Gln Lys Leu Lys Asp 65 70 75 80 Asn Lys Gln Met Gly Leu Gln Pro Tyr Pro Glu Ile Leu Val Val Ser 85 90 95 Arg Ser Pro Ser Leu Asn Leu Leu Gln Asn Lys Ser Met 100 105 7 3382 DNA Homo sapiens CDS (245)...(3104) 7 tttttatggg aatcgcagct tggaagagac agarcaattc cagaawtaaa ttgraattga 60 agatttaacc aatgttgttt taaaatattc taacttcaaa gaatgatgcc agaacttwaa 120 aagggrctgc gcagagtagc aggggccctg gagggcgcgg cctgaatcct gattgccctt 180 ctgctgagag gacacacgca gctgaagatg aatttgggaa aagtagccgc ttgctacttt 240 aact atg gaa gag cag ggc cac agt gag atg gaa ata atc cca tca gag 289 Met Glu Glu Gln Gly His Ser Glu Met Glu Ile Ile Pro Ser Glu 1 5 10 15 tct cac ccc cac att caa tta ctg aaa agc aat cgg gaa ctt ctg gtc 337 Ser His Pro His Ile Gln Leu Leu Lys Ser Asn Arg Glu Leu Leu Val 20 25 30 act cac atc cgc aat act cag tgt ctg gtg gac aac ttg ctg aag aat 385 Thr His Ile Arg Asn Thr Gln Cys Leu Val Asp Asn Leu Leu Lys Asn 35 40 45 gac tac ttc tcg gcc gaa gat gcg gag att gtg tgt gcc tgc ccc acc 433 Asp Tyr Phe Ser Ala Glu Asp Ala Glu Ile Val Cys Ala Cys Pro Thr 50 55 60 cag cct gac aag gtc cgc aaa att ctg gac ctg gta cag agc aag ggc 481 Gln Pro Asp Lys Val Arg Lys Ile Leu Asp Leu Val Gln Ser Lys Gly 65 70 75 gag gag gtg tcc gag ttc ttc ctc tac ttg ctc cag caa ctc gca gat 529 Glu Glu Val Ser Glu Phe Phe Leu Tyr Leu Leu Gln Gln Leu Ala Asp 80 85 90 95 gcc tac gtg gac ctc agg cct tgg ctg ctg gag atc ggc ttc tcc cct 577 Ala Tyr Val Asp Leu Arg Pro Trp Leu Leu Glu Ile Gly Phe Ser Pro 100 105 110 tcc ctg ctc act cag agc aaa gtc gtg gtc aac act gac cca gtg agc 625 Ser Leu Leu Thr Gln Ser Lys Val Val Val Asn Thr Asp Pro Val Ser 115 120 125 agg tat acc cag cag ctg cga cac cat ctg ggc cgt gac tcc aag ttc 673 Arg Tyr Thr Gln Gln Leu Arg His His Leu Gly Arg Asp Ser Lys Phe 130 135 140 gtg ctg tgc tat gcc cag aag gag gag ctg ctg ctg gag gag atc tac 721 Val Leu Cys Tyr Ala Gln Lys Glu Glu Leu Leu Leu Glu Glu Ile Tyr 145 150 155 atg gac acc atc atg gag ctg gtt ggc ttc agc aat gag agc ctg ggc 769 Met Asp Thr Ile Met Glu Leu Val Gly Phe Ser Asn Glu Ser Leu Gly 160 165 170 175 agc ctg aac agc ctg gcc tgc ctc ctg gac cac acc acc ggc atc ctc 817 Ser Leu Asn Ser Leu Ala Cys Leu Leu Asp His Thr Thr Gly Ile Leu 180 185 190 aat gag cag ggt gag acc atc ttc atc ctg ggt gat gct ggg gtg ggc 865 Asn Glu Gln Gly Glu Thr Ile Phe Ile Leu Gly Asp Ala Gly Val Gly 195 200 205 aag tcc atg ctg cta cag cgg ctg cag agc ctc tgg gcc acg ggc cgg 913 Lys Ser Met Leu Leu Gln Arg Leu Gln Ser Leu Trp Ala Thr Gly Arg 210 215 220 cta gac gca ggg gtc aaa ttc ttc ttc cac ttt cgc tgc cgc atg ttc 961 Leu Asp Ala Gly Val Lys Phe Phe Phe His Phe Arg Cys Arg Met Phe 225 230 235 agc tgc ttc aag gaa agt gac agg ctg tgt ctg cag gac ctg ctc ttc 1009 Ser Cys Phe Lys Glu Ser Asp Arg Leu Cys Leu Gln Asp Leu Leu Phe 240 245 250 255 aag cac tac tgc tac cca gag cgg gac ccc gag gag gtg ttt gcc ttc 1057 Lys His Tyr Cys Tyr Pro Glu Arg Asp Pro Glu Glu Val Phe Ala Phe 260 265 270 ctg ctg cgc ttc ccc cac gtg gcc ctc ttc acc ttc gat ggc ctg gac 1105 Leu Leu Arg Phe Pro His Val Ala Leu Phe Thr Phe Asp Gly Leu Asp 275 280 285 gag ctg cac tcg gac ttg gac ctg agc cgc gtg cct gac agc tcc tgc 1153 Glu Leu His Ser Asp Leu Asp Leu Ser Arg Val Pro Asp Ser Ser Cys 290 295 300 ccc tgg gag cct gcc cac ccc ctg gtc ttg ctg gcc aac ctg ctc agt 1201 Pro Trp Glu Pro Ala His Pro Leu Val Leu Leu Ala Asn Leu Leu Ser 305 310 315 ggg aag ctg ctc aag ggg gct agc aag ctg ctc aca gcc cgc aca ggc 1249 Gly Lys Leu Leu Lys Gly Ala Ser Lys Leu Leu Thr Ala Arg Thr Gly 320 325 330 335 atc gag gtc ccg cgc cag ttc ctg cgg aag aag gtg ctt ctc cgg ggc 1297 Ile Glu Val Pro Arg Gln Phe Leu Arg Lys Lys Val Leu Leu Arg Gly 340 345 350 ttc tcc ccc agc cac ctg cgc gcc tat gcc agg agg atg ttc ccc gag 1345 Phe Ser Pro Ser His Leu Arg Ala Tyr Ala Arg Arg Met Phe Pro Glu 355 360 365 cgg gcc ctg cag gac cgc ctg ctg agc cag ctg gag gcc aac ccc aac 1393 Arg Ala Leu Gln Asp Arg Leu Leu Ser Gln Leu Glu Ala Asn Pro Asn 370 375 380 ctc tgc agc ctg tgc tct gtg ccc ctc ttc tgc tgg atc atc ttc cgg 1441 Leu Cys Ser Leu Cys Ser Val Pro Leu Phe Cys Trp Ile Ile Phe Arg 385 390 395 tgc ttc cag cac ttc cgt gct gcc ttt gaa ggc tca cca cag ctg ccc 1489 Cys Phe Gln His Phe Arg Ala Ala Phe Glu Gly Ser Pro Gln Leu Pro 400 405 410 415 gac tgc acg atg acc ctg aca gat gtc ttc ctc ctg gtc act gag gtc 1537 Asp Cys Thr Met Thr Leu Thr Asp Val Phe Leu Leu Val Thr Glu Val 420 425 430 cat ctg aac agg atg cag ccc agc agc ctg gtg cag cgg aac aca cgc 1585 His Leu Asn Arg Met Gln Pro Ser Ser Leu Val Gln Arg Asn Thr Arg 435 440 445 agc cca gtg gag acc ctc cac gcc ggc cgg gac act ctg tgc tcg ctg 1633 Ser Pro Val Glu Thr Leu His Ala Gly Arg Asp Thr Leu Cys Ser Leu 450 455 460 ggg cag gtg gcc cac cgg ggc atg gag aag agc ctc ttt gtc ttc acc 1681 Gly Gln Val Ala His Arg Gly Met Glu Lys Ser Leu Phe Val Phe Thr 465 470 475 cag gag gag gtg cag gcc tcc ggg ctg cag gag aga gac atg cag ctg 1729 Gln Glu Glu Val Gln Ala Ser Gly Leu Gln Glu Arg Asp Met Gln Leu 480 485 490 495 ggc ttc ctg cgg gct ttg ccg gag ctg ggc ccc ggg ggt gac cag cag 1777 Gly Phe Leu Arg Ala Leu Pro Glu Leu Gly Pro Gly Gly Asp Gln Gln 500 505 510 tcc tat gag ttt ttc cac ctc acc ctc cag gcc ttc ttt aca gcc ttc 1825 Ser Tyr Glu Phe Phe His Leu Thr Leu Gln Ala Phe Phe Thr Ala Phe 515 520 525 ttc ctc gtg ctg gac gac agg gtg ggc act cag gag ctg ctc agg ttc 1873 Phe Leu Val Leu Asp Asp Arg Val Gly Thr Gln Glu Leu Leu Arg Phe 530 535 540 ttc cag gag tgg atg ccc cct gcg ggg gca gcg acc acg tcc tgc tat 1921 Phe Gln Glu Trp Met Pro Pro Ala Gly Ala Ala Thr Thr Ser Cys Tyr 545 550 555 cct ccc ttc ctc ccg ttc cag tgc ctg cag ggc agt ggt ccg gcg cgg 1969 Pro Pro Phe Leu Pro Phe Gln Cys Leu Gln Gly Ser Gly Pro Ala Arg 560 565 570 575 gaa gac ctc ttc aag aac aag gat cac ttc cag ttc acc aac ctc ttc 2017 Glu Asp Leu Phe Lys Asn Lys Asp His Phe Gln Phe Thr Asn Leu Phe 580 585 590 ctg tgc ggg ctg ttg tcc aaa gcc aaa cag aaa ctc ctg cgg cat ctg 2065 Leu Cys Gly Leu Leu Ser Lys Ala Lys Gln Lys Leu Leu Arg His Leu 595 600 605 gtg ccc gcg gca gcc ctg agg aga aag cgc aag gcc ctg tgg gca cac 2113 Val Pro Ala Ala Ala Leu Arg Arg Lys Arg Lys Ala Leu Trp Ala His 610 615 620 ctg ttt tcc agc ctg cgg ggc tac ctg aag agc ctg ccc cgc gtt cag 2161 Leu Phe Ser Ser Leu Arg Gly Tyr Leu Lys Ser Leu Pro Arg Val Gln 625 630 635 gtc gaa agc ttc aac cag gtg cag gcc atg ccc acg ttc atc tgg atg 2209 Val Glu Ser Phe Asn Gln Val Gln Ala Met Pro Thr Phe Ile Trp Met 640 645 650 655 ctg cgc tgc atc tac gag aca cag agc cag aag gtg ggg cag ctg gcg 2257 Leu Arg Cys Ile Tyr Glu Thr Gln Ser Gln Lys Val Gly Gln Leu Ala 660 665 670 gcc agg ggc atc tgc gcc aac tac ctc aag ctg acc tac tgc aac gcc 2305 Ala Arg Gly Ile Cys Ala Asn Tyr Leu Lys Leu Thr Tyr Cys Asn Ala 675 680 685 tgc tcg gcc gac tgc agc gcc ctc tcc ttc gtc ctg cat cac ttc ccc 2353 Cys Ser Ala Asp Cys Ser Ala Leu Ser Phe Val Leu His His Phe Pro 690 695 700 aag cgg ctg gcc cta gac cta gac aac aac aat ctc aac gac tac ggc 2401 Lys Arg Leu Ala Leu Asp Leu Asp Asn Asn Asn Leu Asn Asp Tyr Gly 705 710 715 gtg cgg gag ctg cag ccc tgc ttc agc cgc ctc act gtt ctc aga ctc 2449 Val Arg Glu Leu Gln Pro Cys Phe Ser Arg Leu Thr Val Leu Arg Leu 720 725 730 735 agc gta aac cag atc act gac ggt ggg gta aag gtg cta agc gaa gag 2497 Ser Val Asn Gln Ile Thr Asp Gly Gly Val Lys Val Leu Ser Glu Glu 740 745 750 ctg acc aaa tac aaa att gtg acc tat ttg ggt tta tac aac aac cag 2545 Leu Thr Lys Tyr Lys Ile Val Thr Tyr Leu Gly Leu Tyr Asn Asn Gln 755 760 765 atc acc gat gtc gga gcc agg tac gtc acc aaa atc ctg gat gaa tgc 2593 Ile Thr Asp Val Gly Ala Arg Tyr Val Thr Lys Ile Leu Asp Glu Cys 770 775 780 aaa ggc ctc acg cat ctt aaa ctg gga aaa aac aaa ata aca agt gaa 2641 Lys Gly Leu Thr His Leu Lys Leu Gly Lys Asn Lys Ile Thr Ser Glu 785 790 795 gga ggg aag tat ctc gcc ctg gct gtg aag aac agc aaa tca atc tct 2689 Gly Gly Lys Tyr Leu Ala Leu Ala Val Lys Asn Ser Lys Ser Ile Ser 800 805 810 815 gag gtt ggg atg tgg ggc aat caa gtt ggg gat gaa gga gca aaa gcc 2737 Glu Val Gly Met Trp Gly Asn Gln Val Gly Asp Glu Gly Ala Lys Ala 820 825 830 ttc gca gag gct ctg cgg aac cac ccc agc ttg acc acc ctg agt ctt 2785 Phe Ala Glu Ala Leu Arg Asn His Pro Ser Leu Thr Thr Leu Ser Leu 835 840 845 gcg tcc aac ggc atc tcc aca gaa gga gga aag agc ctt gcg agg gcc 2833 Ala Ser Asn Gly Ile Ser Thr Glu Gly Gly Lys Ser Leu Ala Arg Ala 850 855 860 ctg cag cag aac acg tct cta gaa ata ctg tgg ctg acc caa aat gaa 2881 Leu Gln Gln Asn Thr Ser Leu Glu Ile Leu Trp Leu Thr Gln Asn Glu 865 870 875 ctc aac gat gaa gtg gca gag agt ttg gca gaa atg ttg aaa gtc aac 2929 Leu Asn Asp Glu Val Ala Glu Ser Leu Ala Glu Met Leu Lys Val Asn 880 885 890 895 cag acg tta aag cat tta tgg ctt atc cag aat cag atc aca gct aag 2977 Gln Thr Leu Lys His Leu Trp Leu Ile Gln Asn Gln Ile Thr Ala Lys 900 905 910 ggg act gcc cag ctg gca gat gcg tta cag agc aac act ggc ata aca 3025 Gly Thr Ala Gln Leu Ala Asp Ala Leu Gln Ser Asn Thr Gly Ile Thr 915 920 925 gag att tgc cta aat gga aac ctg ata aaa cca gag gag gcc aaa gtc 3073 Glu Ile Cys Leu Asn Gly Asn Leu Ile Lys Pro Glu Glu Ala Lys Val 930 935 940 tat gaa gat gag aag cgg att atc tgt ttc t gagaggatgc tttcctgttc 3124 Tyr Glu Asp Glu Lys Arg Ile Ile Cys Phe 945 950 atggggtttt tgccctggag cctcagcagc aaatgccact ctgggcagtc ttttgtgtca 3184 gtgtcttaaa ggggcctgcg caggcgggac tatcaggagt ccactgccty catgatgcaa 3244 gccagcttcc tgtgcagaag gtctggtcgg caaactccct aagtacccgc tacaattctg 3304 cagaaaaaga atgtgtcttg cgagctgttg tagttacagt aaatacactg tgaagagaaa 3364 aaaaaaacgg acgcgtgg 3382 8 953 PRT Homo sapiens 8 Met Glu Glu Gln Gly His Ser Glu Met Glu Ile Ile Pro Ser Glu Ser 1 5 10 15 His Pro His Ile Gln Leu Leu Lys Ser Asn Arg Glu Leu Leu Val Thr 20 25 30 His Ile Arg Asn Thr Gln Cys Leu Val Asp Asn Leu Leu Lys Asn Asp 35 40 45 Tyr Phe Ser Ala Glu Asp Ala Glu Ile Val Cys Ala Cys Pro Thr Gln 50 55 60 Pro Asp Lys Val Arg Lys Ile Leu Asp Leu Val Gln Ser Lys Gly Glu 65 70 75 80 Glu Val Ser Glu Phe Phe Leu Tyr Leu Leu Gln Gln Leu Ala Asp Ala 85 90 95 Tyr Val Asp Leu Arg Pro Trp Leu Leu Glu Ile Gly Phe Ser Pro Ser 100 105 110 Leu Leu Thr Gln Ser Lys Val Val Val Asn Thr Asp Pro Val Ser Arg 115 120 125 Tyr Thr Gln Gln Leu Arg His His Leu Gly Arg Asp Ser Lys Phe Val 130 135 140 Leu Cys Tyr Ala Gln Lys Glu Glu Leu Leu Leu Glu Glu Ile Tyr Met 145 150 155 160 Asp Thr Ile Met Glu Leu Val Gly Phe Ser Asn Glu Ser Leu Gly Ser 165 170 175 Leu Asn Ser Leu Ala Cys Leu Leu Asp His Thr Thr Gly Ile Leu Asn 180 185 190 Glu Gln Gly Glu Thr Ile Phe Ile Leu Gly Asp Ala Gly Val Gly Lys 195 200 205 Ser Met Leu Leu Gln Arg Leu Gln Ser Leu Trp Ala Thr Gly Arg Leu 210 215 220 Asp Ala Gly Val Lys Phe Phe Phe His Phe Arg Cys Arg Met Phe Ser 225 230 235 240 Cys Phe Lys Glu Ser Asp Arg Leu Cys Leu Gln Asp Leu Leu Phe Lys 245 250 255 His Tyr Cys Tyr Pro Glu Arg Asp Pro Glu Glu Val Phe Ala Phe Leu 260 265 270 Leu Arg Phe Pro His Val Ala Leu Phe Thr Phe Asp Gly Leu Asp Glu 275 280 285 Leu His Ser Asp Leu Asp Leu Ser Arg Val Pro Asp Ser Ser Cys Pro 290 295 300 Trp Glu Pro Ala His Pro Leu Val Leu Leu Ala Asn Leu Leu Ser Gly 305 310 315 320 Lys Leu Leu Lys Gly Ala Ser Lys Leu Leu Thr Ala Arg Thr Gly Ile 325 330 335 Glu Val Pro Arg Gln Phe Leu Arg Lys Lys Val Leu Leu Arg Gly Phe 340 345 350 Ser Pro Ser His Leu Arg Ala Tyr Ala Arg Arg Met Phe Pro Glu Arg 355 360 365 Ala Leu Gln Asp Arg Leu Leu Ser Gln Leu Glu Ala Asn Pro Asn Leu 370 375 380 Cys Ser Leu Cys Ser Val Pro Leu Phe Cys Trp Ile Ile Phe Arg Cys 385 390 395 400 Phe Gln His Phe Arg Ala Ala Phe Glu Gly Ser Pro Gln Leu Pro Asp 405 410 415 Cys Thr Met Thr Leu Thr Asp Val Phe Leu Leu Val Thr Glu Val His 420 425 430 Leu Asn Arg Met Gln Pro Ser Ser Leu Val Gln Arg Asn Thr Arg Ser 435 440 445 Pro Val Glu Thr Leu His Ala Gly Arg Asp Thr Leu Cys Ser Leu Gly 450 455 460 Gln Val Ala His Arg Gly Met Glu Lys Ser Leu Phe Val Phe Thr Gln 465 470 475 480 Glu Glu Val Gln Ala Ser Gly Leu Gln Glu Arg Asp Met Gln Leu Gly 485 490 495 Phe Leu Arg Ala Leu Pro Glu Leu Gly Pro Gly Gly Asp Gln Gln Ser 500 505 510 Tyr Glu Phe Phe His Leu Thr Leu Gln Ala Phe Phe Thr Ala Phe Phe 515 520 525 Leu Val Leu Asp Asp Arg Val Gly Thr Gln Glu Leu Leu Arg Phe Phe 530 535 540 Gln Glu Trp Met Pro Pro Ala Gly Ala Ala Thr Thr Ser Cys Tyr Pro 545 550 555 560 Pro Phe Leu Pro Phe Gln Cys Leu Gln Gly Ser Gly Pro Ala Arg Glu 565 570 575 Asp Leu Phe Lys Asn Lys Asp His Phe Gln Phe Thr Asn Leu Phe Leu 580 585 590 Cys Gly Leu Leu Ser Lys Ala Lys Gln Lys Leu Leu Arg His Leu Val 595 600 605 Pro Ala Ala Ala Leu Arg Arg Lys Arg Lys Ala Leu Trp Ala His Leu 610 615 620 Phe Ser Ser Leu Arg Gly Tyr Leu Lys Ser Leu Pro Arg Val Gln Val 625 630 635 640 Glu Ser Phe Asn Gln Val Gln Ala Met Pro Thr Phe Ile Trp Met Leu 645 650 655 Arg Cys Ile Tyr Glu Thr Gln Ser Gln Lys Val Gly Gln Leu Ala Ala 660 665 670 Arg Gly Ile Cys Ala Asn Tyr Leu Lys Leu Thr Tyr Cys Asn Ala Cys 675 680 685 Ser Ala Asp Cys Ser Ala Leu Ser Phe Val Leu His His Phe Pro Lys 690 695 700 Arg Leu Ala Leu Asp Leu Asp Asn Asn Asn Leu Asn Asp Tyr Gly Val 705 710 715 720 Arg Glu Leu Gln Pro Cys Phe Ser Arg Leu Thr Val Leu Arg Leu Ser 725 730 735 Val Asn Gln Ile Thr Asp Gly Gly Val Lys Val Leu Ser Glu Glu Leu 740 745 750 Thr Lys Tyr Lys Ile Val Thr Tyr Leu Gly Leu Tyr Asn Asn Gln Ile 755 760 765 Thr Asp Val Gly Ala Arg Tyr Val Thr Lys Ile Leu Asp Glu Cys Lys 770 775 780 Gly Leu Thr His Leu Lys Leu Gly Lys Asn Lys Ile Thr Ser Glu Gly 785 790 795 800 Gly Lys Tyr Leu Ala Leu Ala Val Lys Asn Ser Lys Ser Ile Ser Glu 805 810 815 Val Gly Met Trp Gly Asn Gln Val Gly Asp Glu Gly Ala Lys Ala Phe 820 825 830 Ala Glu Ala Leu Arg Asn His Pro Ser Leu Thr Thr Leu Ser Leu Ala 835 840 845 Ser Asn Gly Ile Ser Thr Glu Gly Gly Lys Ser Leu Ala Arg Ala Leu 850 855 860 Gln Gln Asn Thr Ser Leu Glu Ile Leu Trp Leu Thr Gln Asn Glu Leu 865 870 875 880 Asn Asp Glu Val Ala Glu Ser Leu Ala Glu Met Leu Lys Val Asn Gln 885 890 895 Thr Leu Lys His Leu Trp Leu Ile Gln Asn Gln Ile Thr Ala Lys Gly 900 905 910 Thr Ala Gln Leu Ala Asp Ala Leu Gln Ser Asn Thr Gly Ile Thr Glu 915 920 925 Ile Cys Leu Asn Gly Asn Leu Ile Lys Pro Glu Glu Ala Lys Val Tyr 930 935 940 Glu Asp Glu Lys Arg Ile Ile Cys Phe 945 950 9 2859 DNA Homo sapiens 9 atggaagagc agggccacag tgagatggaa ataatcccat cagagtctca cccccacatt 60 caattactga aaagcaatcg ggaacttctg gtcactcaca tccgcaatac tcagtgtctg 120 gtggacaact tgctgaagaa tgactacttc tcggccgaag atgcggagat tgtgtgtgcc 180 tgccccaccc agcctgacaa ggtccgcaaa attctggacc tggtacagag caagggcgag 240 gaggtgtccg agttcttcct ctacttgctc cagcaactcg cagatgccta cgtggacctc 300 aggccttggc tgctggagat cggcttctcc ccttccctgc tcactcagag caaagtcgtg 360 gtcaacactg acccagtgag caggtatacc cagcagctgc gacaccatct gggccgtgac 420 tccaagttcg tgctgtgcta tgcccagaag gaggagctgc tgctggagga gatctacatg 480 gacaccatca tggagctggt tggcttcagc aatgagagcc tgggcagcct gaacagcctg 540 gcctgcctcc tggaccacac caccggcatc ctcaatgagc agggtgagac catcttcatc 600 ctgggtgatg ctggggtggg caagtccatg ctgctacagc ggctgcagag cctctgggcc 660 acgggccggc tagacgcagg ggtcaaattc ttcttccact ttcgctgccg catgttcagc 720 tgcttcaagg aaagtgacag gctgtgtctg caggacctgc tcttcaagca ctactgctac 780 ccagagcggg accccgagga ggtgtttgcc ttcctgctgc gcttccccca cgtggccctc 840 ttcaccttcg atggcctgga cgagctgcac tcggacttgg acctgagccg cgtgcctgac 900 agctcctgcc cctgggagcc tgcccacccc ctggtcttgc tggccaacct gctcagtggg 960 aagctgctca agggggctag caagctgctc acagcccgca caggcatcga ggtcccgcgc 1020 cagttcctgc ggaagaaggt gcttctccgg ggcttctccc ccagccacct gcgcgcctat 1080 gccaggagga tgttccccga gcgggccctg caggaccgcc tgctgagcca gctggaggcc 1140 aaccccaacc tctgcagcct gtgctctgtg cccctcttct gctggatcat cttccggtgc 1200 ttccagcact tccgtgctgc ctttgaaggc tcaccacagc tgcccgactg cacgatgacc 1260 ctgacagatg tcttcctcct ggtcactgag gtccatctga acaggatgca gcccagcagc 1320 ctggtgcagc ggaacacacg cagcccagtg gagaccctcc acgccggccg ggacactctg 1380 tgctcgctgg ggcaggtggc ccaccggggc atggagaaga gcctctttgt cttcacccag 1440 gaggaggtgc aggcctccgg gctgcaggag agagacatgc agctgggctt cctgcgggct 1500 ttgccggagc tgggccccgg gggtgaccag cagtcctatg agtttttcca cctcaccctc 1560 caggccttct ttacagcctt cttcctcgtg ctggacgaca gggtgggcac tcaggagctg 1620 ctcaggttct tccaggagtg gatgccccct gcgggggcag cgaccacgtc ctgctatcct 1680 cccttcctcc cgttccagtg cctgcagggc agtggtccgg cgcgggaaga cctcttcaag 1740 aacaaggatc acttccagtt caccaacctc ttcctgtgcg ggctgttgtc caaagccaaa 1800 cagaaactcc tgcggcatct ggtgcccgcg gcagccctga ggagaaagcg caaggccctg 1860 tgggcacacc tgttttccag cctgcggggc tacctgaaga gcctgccccg cgttcaggtc 1920 gaaagcttca accaggtgca ggccatgccc acgttcatct ggatgctgcg ctgcatctac 1980 gagacacaga gccagaaggt ggggcagctg gcggccaggg gcatctgcgc caactacctc 2040 aagctgacct actgcaacgc ctgctcggcc gactgcagcg ccctctcctt cgtcctgcat 2100 cacttcccca agcggctggc cctagaccta gacaacaaca atctcaacga ctacggcgtg 2160 cgggagctgc agccctgctt cagccgcctc actgttctca gactcagcgt aaaccagatc 2220 actgacggtg gggtaaaggt gctaagcgaa gagctgacca aatacaaaat tgtgacctat 2280 ttgggtttat acaacaacca gatcaccgat gtcggagcca ggtacgtcac caaaatcctg 2340 gatgaatgca aaggcctcac gcatcttaaa ctgggaaaaa acaaaataac aagtgaagga 2400 gggaagtatc tcgccctggc tgtgaagaac agcaaatcaa tctctgaggt tgggatgtgg 2460 ggcaatcaag ttggggatga aggagcaaaa gccttcgcag aggctctgcg gaaccacccc 2520 agcttgacca ccctgagtct tgcgtccaac ggcatctcca cagaaggagg aaagagcctt 2580 gcgagggccc tgcagcagaa cacgtctcta gaaatactgt ggctgaccca aaatgaactc 2640 aacgatgaag tggcagagag tttggcagaa atgttgaaag tcaaccagac gttaaagcat 2700 ttatggctta tccagaatca gatcacagct aaggggactg cccagctggc agatgcgtta 2760 cagagcaaca ctggcataac agagatttgc ctaaatggaa acctgataaa accagaggag 2820 gccaaagtct atgaagatga gaagcggatt atctgtttc 2859 10 100 PRT Homo sapiens 10 Glu Ser His Pro His Ile Gln Leu Leu Lys Ser Asn Arg Glu Leu Leu 1 5 10 15 Val Thr His Ile Arg Asn Thr Gln Cys Leu Val Asp Asn Leu Leu Lys 20 25 30 Asn Asp Tyr Phe Ser Ala Glu Asp Ala Glu Ile Val Cys Ala Cys Pro 35 40 45 Thr Gln Pro Asp Lys Val Arg Lys Ile Leu Asp Leu Val Gln Ser Lys 50 55 60 Gly Glu Glu Val Ser Glu Phe Phe Leu Tyr Leu Leu Gln Gln Leu Ala 65 70 75 80 Asp Ala Tyr Val Asp Leu Arg Pro Trp Leu Leu Glu Ile Gly Phe Ser 85 90 95 Pro Ser Leu Leu 100 11 200 PRT Homo sapiens 11 Ile Phe Ile Leu Gly Asp Ala Gly Val Gly Lys Ser Met Leu Leu Gln 1 5 10 15 Arg Leu Gln Ser Leu Trp Ala Thr Gly Arg Leu Asp Ala Gly Val Lys 20 25 30 Phe Phe Phe His Phe Arg Cys Arg Met Phe Ser Cys Phe Lys Glu Ser 35 40 45 Asp Arg Leu Cys Leu Gln Asp Leu Leu Phe Lys His Tyr Cys Tyr Pro 50 55 60 Glu Arg Asp Pro Glu Glu Val Phe Ala Phe Leu Leu Arg Phe Pro His 65 70 75 80 Val Ala Leu Phe Thr Phe Asp Gly Leu Asp Glu Leu His Ser Asp Leu 85 90 95 Asp Leu Ser Arg Val Pro Asp Ser Ser Cys Pro Trp Glu Pro Ala His 100 105 110 Pro Leu Val Leu Leu Ala Asn Leu Leu Ser Gly Lys Leu Leu Lys Gly 115 120 125 Ala Ser Lys Leu Leu Thr Ala Arg Thr Gly Ile Glu Val Pro Arg Gln 130 135 140 Phe Leu Arg Lys Lys Val Leu Leu Arg Gly Phe Ser Pro Ser His Leu 145 150 155 160 Arg Ala Tyr Ala Arg Arg Met Phe Pro Glu Arg Ala Leu Gln Asp Arg 165 170 175 Leu Leu Ser Gln Leu Glu Ala Asn Pro Asn Leu Cys Ser Leu Cys Ser 180 185 190 Val Pro Leu Phe Cys Trp Ile Ile 195 200 12 8 PRT Homo sapiens 12 Gly Asp Ala Gly Val Gly Lys Ser 1 5 13 5 PRT Homo sapiens 13 Leu Phe Thr Phe Asp 1 5 14 13 PRT Homo sapiens 14 Ala Ser Lys Leu Leu Thr Ala Arg Thr Gly Ile Glu Val 1 5 10 15 28 PRT Homo sapiens 15 Gly Ile Cys Ala Asn Tyr Leu Lys Leu Thr Tyr Cys Asn Ala Cys Ser 1 5 10 15 Ala Asp Cys Ser Ala Leu Ser Phe Val Leu His His 20 25 16 26 PRT Homo sapiens 16 Phe Pro Lys Arg Leu Ala Leu Asp Leu Asp Asn Asn Asn Leu Asn Asp 1 5 10 15 Tyr Gly Val Arg Glu Leu Gln Pro Cys Phe 20 25 17 27 PRT Homo sapiens 17 Ser Arg Leu Thr Val Leu Arg Leu Ser Val Asn Gln Ile Thr Asp Gly 1 5 10 15 Gly Val Lys Val Leu Ser Glu Glu Leu Thr Lys 20 25 18 28 PRT Homo sapiens 18 Tyr Lys Ile Val Thr Tyr Leu Gly Leu Tyr Asn Asn Gln Ile Thr Asp 1 5 10 15 Val Gly Ala Arg Tyr Val Thr Lys Ile Leu Asp Glu 20 25 19 28 PRT Homo sapiens 19 Cys Lys Gly Leu Thr His Leu Lys Leu Gly Lys Asn Lys Ile Thr Ser 1 5 10 15 Glu Gly Gly Lys Tyr Leu Ala Leu Ala Val Lys Asn 20 25 20 28 PRT Homo sapiens 20 Ser Lys Ser Ile Ser Glu Val Gly Met Trp Gly Asn Gln Val Gly Asp 1 5 10 15 Glu Gly Ala Lys Ala Phe Ala Glu Ala Leu Arg Asn 20 25 21 28 PRT Homo sapiens 21 His Pro Ser Leu Thr Thr Leu Ser Leu Ala Ser Asn Gly Ile Ser Thr 1 5 10 15 Glu Gly Gly Lys Ser Leu Ala Arg Ala Leu Gln Gln 20 25 22 28 PRT Homo sapiens 22 Asn Thr Ser Leu Glu Ile Leu Trp Leu Thr Gln Asn Glu Leu Asn Asp 1 5 10 15 Glu Val Ala Glu Ser Leu Ala Glu Met Leu Lys Val 20 25 23 28 PRT Homo sapiens 23 Asn Gln Thr Leu Lys His Leu Trp Leu Ile Gln Asn Gln Ile Thr Ala 1 5 10 15 Lys Gly Thr Ala Gln Leu Ala Asp Ala Leu Gln Ser 20 25 24 28 PRT Homo sapiens 24 Asn Thr Gly Ile Thr Glu Ile Cys Leu Asn Gly Asn Leu Ile Lys Pro 1 5 10 15 Glu Glu Ala Lys Val Tyr Glu Asp Glu Lys Arg Ile 20 25 25 3080 DNA Homo sapiens CDS (1)...(1470) 25 cac gcg tcc gac ttg ctg aag aat gac tac ttc tcg gcc gaa gat gcg 48 His Ala Ser Asp Leu Leu Lys Asn Asp Tyr Phe Ser Ala Glu Asp Ala 1 5 10 15 gag att gtg tgt gcc tgc ccc acc cag cct gac aag gtc cgc aaa att 96 Glu Ile Val Cys Ala Cys Pro Thr Gln Pro Asp Lys Val Arg Lys Ile 20 25 30 ctg gac ctg gta cag agc aag ggc gag gag gtg tcc gag ttc ttc ctc 144 Leu Asp Leu Val Gln Ser Lys Gly Glu Glu Val Ser Glu Phe Phe Leu 35 40 45 tac ttg ctc cag caa ctc gca gat gcc tac gtg gac ctc agg cct tgg 192 Tyr Leu Leu Gln Gln Leu Ala Asp Ala Tyr Val Asp Leu Arg Pro Trp 50 55 60 ctg ctg gag atc ggc ttc tcc cct tcc ctg ctc act cag agc aaa gtc 240 Leu Leu Glu Ile Gly Phe Ser Pro Ser Leu Leu Thr Gln Ser Lys Val 65 70 75 80 gtg gtc aac act gac cca gtg agc agg tat acc cag cag ctg cga cac 288 Val Val Asn Thr Asp Pro Val Ser Arg Tyr Thr Gln Gln Leu Arg His 85 90 95 cat ctg ggc cgt gac tcc aag ttc gtg ctg tgc tat gcc cag aag gag 336 His Leu Gly Arg Asp Ser Lys Phe Val Leu Cys Tyr Ala Gln Lys Glu 100 105 110 gag ctg ctg ctg gag gag atc tac atg gac acc atc atg gag ctg gtt 384 Glu Leu Leu Leu Glu Glu Ile Tyr Met Asp Thr Ile Met Glu Leu Val 115 120 125 ggc ttc agc aat gag agc ctg ggc agc ctg aac agc ctg gcc tgc ctc 432 Gly Phe Ser Asn Glu Ser Leu Gly Ser Leu Asn Ser Leu Ala Cys Leu 130 135 140 ctg gac cac acc acc ggc atc ctc aat gag cag ggt gag acc atc ttc 480 Leu Asp His Thr Thr Gly Ile Leu Asn Glu Gln Gly Glu Thr Ile Phe 145 150 155 160 atc ctg ggt gat gct ggg gtg ggc aag tcc atg ctg cta cag cgg ctg 528 Ile Leu Gly Asp Ala Gly Val Gly Lys Ser Met Leu Leu Gln Arg Leu 165 170 175 cag agc ctc tgg gcc acg ggc cgg cta gac gca ggg gtc aaa ttc ttc 576 Gln Ser Leu Trp Ala Thr Gly Arg Leu Asp Ala Gly Val Lys Phe Phe 180 185 190 ttc cac ttt cgc tgc cgc atg ttc agc tgc ttc aag gaa agt gac agg 624 Phe His Phe Arg Cys Arg Met Phe Ser Cys Phe Lys Glu Ser Asp Arg 195 200 205 ctg tgt ctg cag gac ctg ctc ttc aag cac tac tgc tac cca gag cgg 672 Leu Cys Leu Gln Asp Leu Leu Phe Lys His Tyr Cys Tyr Pro Glu Arg 210 215 220 gac ccc gag gag gtg ttt gcc ttc ctg ctg cgc ttc ccc cac gtg gcc 720 Asp Pro Glu Glu Val Phe Ala Phe Leu Leu Arg Phe Pro His Val Ala 225 230 235 240 ctc ttc acc ttc gat ggc ctg gac gag ctg cac tcg gac ttg gac ctg 768 Leu Phe Thr Phe Asp Gly Leu Asp Glu Leu His Ser Asp Leu Asp Leu 245 250 255 agc cgc gtg cct gac agc tcc tgc ccc tgg gag cct gcc cac ccc ctg 816 Ser Arg Val Pro Asp Ser Ser Cys Pro Trp Glu Pro Ala His Pro Leu 260 265 270 gtc ttg ctg gcc aac ctg ctc agt ggg aag ctg ctc aag ggg gct agc 864 Val Leu Leu Ala Asn Leu Leu Ser Gly Lys Leu Leu Lys Gly Ala Ser 275 280 285 aag ctg ctc aca gcc cgc aca ggc atc gag gtc ccg cgc cag ttc ctg 912 Lys Leu Leu Thr Ala Arg Thr Gly Ile Glu Val Pro Arg Gln Phe Leu 290 295 300 cgg aag aag gtg ctt ctc cgg ggc ttc tcc ccc agc cac ctg cgc gcc 960 Arg Lys Lys Val Leu Leu Arg Gly Phe Ser Pro Ser His Leu Arg Ala 305 310 315 320 tat gcc agg agg atg ttc ccc gag cgg gcc ctg cag gac cgc ctg ctg 1008 Tyr Ala Arg Arg Met Phe Pro Glu Arg Ala Leu Gln Asp Arg Leu Leu 325 330 335 agc cag ctg gag gcc aac ccc aac ctc tgc agc ctg tgc tct gtg ccc 1056 Ser Gln Leu Glu Ala Asn Pro Asn Leu Cys Ser Leu Cys Ser Val Pro 340 345 350 ctc ttc tgc tgg atc atc ttc cgg tgc ttc cag cac ttc cgt gct gcc 1104 Leu Phe Cys Trp Ile Ile Phe Arg Cys Phe Gln His Phe Arg Ala Ala 355 360 365 ttt gaa ggc tca cca cag ctg ccc gac tgc acg atg acc ctg aca gat 1152 Phe Glu Gly Ser Pro Gln Leu Pro Asp Cys Thr Met Thr Leu Thr Asp 370 375 380 gtc ttc ctc ctg gtc act gag gtc cat ctg aac agg atg cag ccc agc 1200 Val Phe Leu Leu Val Thr Glu Val His Leu Asn Arg Met Gln Pro Ser 385 390 395 400 agc ctg gtg cag cgg aac aca cgc agc cca gtg gag acc ctc cac gcc 1248 Ser Leu Val Gln Arg Asn Thr Arg Ser Pro Val Glu Thr Leu His Ala 405 410 415 ggc cgg gac act ctg tgc tcg ctg ggg cag gtg gcc cac cgg ggc atg 1296 Gly Arg Asp Thr Leu Cys Ser Leu Gly Gln Val Ala His Arg Gly Met 420 425 430 gag aag agc ctc ttt gtc ttc acc cag gag gag gtg cag gcc tcc ggg 1344 Glu Lys Ser Leu Phe Val Phe Thr Gln Glu Glu Val Gln Ala Ser Gly 435 440 445 ctg cag gag aga gac atg cag ctg ggc ttc ctg cgg gct ttg ccg gag 1392 Leu Gln Glu Arg Asp Met Gln Leu Gly Phe Leu Arg Ala Leu Pro Glu 450 455 460 ctg ggc ccc ggg ggt gac cag cag tcc tat gag ttt ttc cac ctc agc 1440 Leu Gly Pro Gly Gly Asp Gln Gln Ser Tyr Glu Phe Phe His Leu Ser 465 470 475 480 ctc ctc acc tgt aaa act ggg atc cca gta tagactttgg aaatcagtag 1490 Leu Leu Thr Cys Lys Thr Gly Ile Pro Val 485 490 acaccatatg cttcaaaaaa caggggctat taaaatgaca tcaggagcca gaaagtctca 1550 tggctgtgct ttctcttgaa gtttatacaa caaccagatc accgatgtcg gagccagact 1610 gggaaaaaac aaaataacaa gtgaaggagg gaagtatctc gccctggctg tgaagaacag 1670 caaatcaatc tctgaggttg ggatgtgggg caatcaagtt ggggatgaag gagcaaaagc 1730 cttcgcagag gctctgcgga accaccccag cttgaccacc ctgagtcttg cgtccaacgg 1790 catctccaca gaaggaggaa agagccttgc gagggccctg cagcagaaca cgtctctaga 1850 aatactgtgg ctgacccaaa atgaactcaa cgatgaagtg gcagagagtt tggcagaaat 1910 gttgaaagtc aaccagacgt taaagcattt atggcttatc cagaatcaga tcacagtctt 1970 ttgtgtcagt gtcttaaagg ggcctgcgca ggcgggacta tcaggagtcc actgcctcca 2030 tgatgcaagc cagcttcctg tgcagaaggt ctggtcggca aactccctaa gtacccgcta 2090 caattctgca gaaaaagaat gtgtcttgcg agctgttgta gttacagtaa atacactgtg 2150 aagagacttt attgcctatt ataattattt ttatctgaag ctagaggaat aaagctgtga 2210 gcaaacagag gaggccagcc tcacctcatt ccaacacctg ccatagggac caacgggagc 2270 gagttggtca ccgctctttt cattgaagag ttgaggatgt ggcacaaagt tggtgccaag 2330 cttcttgaat aaaacgtgtt tgatggatta gtattatacc tgaaatattt tcttccttct 2390 cagcactttc ccatgtattg atactggtcc cacttcacag ctggagacac cggagtatgt 2450 gcagtgtggg atttgactcc tccaaggttt tgtggaaagt taatgtcaag gaaaggatgc 2510 accacgggct tttaatttta atcctggagt ctcactgtct gctggcaaag atagagaatg 2570 ccctcagctc ttagctggtc taagaatgac gatgccttca aaatgctgct tccactcagg 2630 gcttctcctc tgctaggcta ccctcctcta gaaggctgag taccatgggc tacagtgtct 2690 ggccttggga agaagtgatt ctgtccctcc aaagaaatag ggcatggctt gcccctgtgg 2750 ccctggcatc caaatggctg cttttgtctc ccttacctcg tgaagagggg aagtctcttc 2810 ctgcctccca agcagctgaa gggtgactaa acgggcgcca agactcaggg gatcggctgg 2870 gaactgggcc agcagagcat gttggacacc ccccaccatg gtgggcttgt ggtggctgct 2930 ccatgagggt gggggtgata ctactagatc acttgtcctc ttgccagctc atttgttaat 2990 aaaatactga aaacacaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa 3050 aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa 3080 26 490 PRT Homo sapiens 26 His Ala Ser Asp Leu Leu Lys Asn Asp Tyr Phe Ser Ala Glu Asp Ala 1 5 10 15 Glu Ile Val Cys Ala Cys Pro Thr Gln Pro Asp Lys Val Arg Lys Ile 20 25 30 Leu Asp Leu Val Gln Ser Lys Gly Glu Glu Val Ser Glu Phe Phe Leu 35 40 45 Tyr Leu Leu Gln Gln Leu Ala Asp Ala Tyr Val Asp Leu Arg Pro Trp 50 55 60 Leu Leu Glu Ile Gly Phe Ser Pro Ser Leu Leu Thr Gln Ser Lys Val 65 70 75 80 Val Val Asn Thr Asp Pro Val Ser Arg Tyr Thr Gln Gln Leu Arg His 85 90 95 His Leu Gly Arg Asp Ser Lys Phe Val Leu Cys Tyr Ala Gln Lys Glu 100 105 110 Glu Leu Leu Leu Glu Glu Ile Tyr Met Asp Thr Ile Met Glu Leu Val 115 120 125 Gly Phe Ser Asn Glu Ser Leu Gly Ser Leu Asn Ser Leu Ala Cys Leu 130 135 140 Leu Asp His Thr Thr Gly Ile Leu Asn Glu Gln Gly Glu Thr Ile Phe 145 150 155 160 Ile Leu Gly Asp Ala Gly Val Gly Lys Ser Met Leu Leu Gln Arg Leu 165 170 175 Gln Ser Leu Trp Ala Thr Gly Arg Leu Asp Ala Gly Val Lys Phe Phe 180 185 190 Phe His Phe Arg Cys Arg Met Phe Ser Cys Phe Lys Glu Ser Asp Arg 195 200 205 Leu Cys Leu Gln Asp Leu Leu Phe Lys His Tyr Cys Tyr Pro Glu Arg 210 215 220 Asp Pro Glu Glu Val Phe Ala Phe Leu Leu Arg Phe Pro His Val Ala 225 230 235 240 Leu Phe Thr Phe Asp Gly Leu Asp Glu Leu His Ser Asp Leu Asp Leu 245 250 255 Ser Arg Val Pro Asp Ser Ser Cys Pro Trp Glu Pro Ala His Pro Leu 260 265 270 Val Leu Leu Ala Asn Leu Leu Ser Gly Lys Leu Leu Lys Gly Ala Ser 275 280 285 Lys Leu Leu Thr Ala Arg Thr Gly Ile Glu Val Pro Arg Gln Phe Leu 290 295 300 Arg Lys Lys Val Leu Leu Arg Gly Phe Ser Pro Ser His Leu Arg Ala 305 310 315 320 Tyr Ala Arg Arg Met Phe Pro Glu Arg Ala Leu Gln Asp Arg Leu Leu 325 330 335 Ser Gln Leu Glu Ala Asn Pro Asn Leu Cys Ser Leu Cys Ser Val Pro 340 345 350 Leu Phe Cys Trp Ile Ile Phe Arg Cys Phe Gln His Phe Arg Ala Ala 355 360 365 Phe Glu Gly Ser Pro Gln Leu Pro Asp Cys Thr Met Thr Leu Thr Asp 370 375 380 Val Phe Leu Leu Val Thr Glu Val His Leu Asn Arg Met Gln Pro Ser 385 390 395 400 Ser Leu Val Gln Arg Asn Thr Arg Ser Pro Val Glu Thr Leu His Ala 405 410 415 Gly Arg Asp Thr Leu Cys Ser Leu Gly Gln Val Ala His Arg Gly Met 420 425 430 Glu Lys Ser Leu Phe Val Phe Thr Gln Glu Glu Val Gln Ala Ser Gly 435 440 445 Leu Gln Glu Arg Asp Met Gln Leu Gly Phe Leu Arg Ala Leu Pro Glu 450 455 460 Leu Gly Pro Gly Gly Asp Gln Gln Ser Tyr Glu Phe Phe His Leu Ser 465 470 475 480 Leu Leu Thr Cys Lys Thr Gly Ile Pro Val 485 490 27 1470 DNA Homo sapiens 27 cacgcgtccg acttgctgaa gaatgactac ttctcggccg aagatgcgga gattgtgtgt 60 gcctgcccca cccagcctga caaggtccgc aaaattctgg acctggtaca gagcaagggc 120 gaggaggtgt ccgagttctt cctctacttg ctccagcaac tcgcagatgc ctacgtggac 180 ctcaggcctt ggctgctgga gatcggcttc tccccttccc tgctcactca gagcaaagtc 240 gtggtcaaca ctgacccagt gagcaggtat acccagcagc tgcgacacca tctgggccgt 300 gactccaagt tcgtgctgtg ctatgcccag aaggaggagc tgctgctgga ggagatctac 360 atggacacca tcatggagct ggttggcttc agcaatgaga gcctgggcag cctgaacagc 420 ctggcctgcc tcctggacca caccaccggc atcctcaatg agcagggtga gaccatcttc 480 atcctgggtg atgctggggt gggcaagtcc atgctgctac agcggctgca gagcctctgg 540 gccacgggcc ggctagacgc aggggtcaaa ttcttcttcc actttcgctg ccgcatgttc 600 agctgcttca aggaaagtga caggctgtgt ctgcaggacc tgctcttcaa gcactactgc 660 tacccagagc gggaccccga ggaggtgttt gccttcctgc tgcgcttccc ccacgtggcc 720 ctcttcacct tcgatggcct ggacgagctg cactcggact tggacctgag ccgcgtgcct 780 gacagctcct gcccctggga gcctgcccac cccctggtct tgctggccaa cctgctcagt 840 gggaagctgc tcaagggggc tagcaagctg ctcacagccc gcacaggcat cgaggtcccg 900 cgccagttcc tgcggaagaa ggtgcttctc cggggcttct cccccagcca cctgcgcgcc 960 tatgccagga ggatgttccc cgagcgggcc ctgcaggacc gcctgctgag ccagctggag 1020 gccaacccca acctctgcag cctgtgctct gtgcccctct tctgctggat catcttccgg 1080 tgcttccagc acttccgtgc tgcctttgaa ggctcaccac agctgcccga ctgcacgatg 1140 accctgacag atgtcttcct cctggtcact gaggtccatc tgaacaggat gcagcccagc 1200 agcctggtgc agcggaacac acgcagccca gtggagaccc tccacgccgg ccgggacact 1260 ctgtgctcgc tggggcaggt ggcccaccgg ggcatggaga agagcctctt tgtcttcacc 1320 caggaggagg tgcaggcctc cgggctgcag gagagagaca tgcagctggg cttcctgcgg 1380 gctttgccgg agctgggccc cgggggtgac cagcagtcct atgagttttt ccacctcagc 1440 ctcctcacct gtaaaactgg gatcccagta 1470 28 74 PRT Homo sapiens 28 His Ala Ser Asp Leu Leu Lys Asn Asp Tyr Phe Ser Ala Glu Asp Ala 1 5 10 15 Glu Ile Val Cys Ala Cys Pro Thr Gln Pro Asp Lys Val Arg Lys Ile 20 25 30 Leu Asp Leu Val Gln Ser Lys Gly Glu Glu Val Ser Glu Phe Phe Leu 35 40 45 Tyr Leu Leu Gln Gln Leu Ala Asp Ala Tyr Val Asp Leu Arg Pro Trp 50 55 60 Leu Leu Glu Ile Gly Phe Ser Pro Ser Leu 65 70 29 8 PRT Homo sapiens 29 Gly Asp Ala Gly Val Gly Lys Ser 1 5 30 5 PRT Homo sapiens 30 Leu Phe Thr Phe Asp 1 5 31 94 PRT Homo sapiens 31 Ala Gln Glu Arg Pro Ser Glu Thr Thr Asp Arg Glu Arg Lys Arg Leu 1 5 10 15 Val Glu Thr Leu Gln Ala Asp Ser Gly Leu Leu Leu Asp Ala Leu Leu 20 25 30 Ala Arg Gly Val Leu Thr Gly Pro Glu Tyr Glu Ala Leu Asp Ala Leu 35 40 45 Pro Asp Ala Glu Arg Arg Val Arg Arg Leu Leu Leu Leu Val Gln Gly 50 55 60 Lys Gly Glu Ala Ala Cys Gln Glu Leu Leu Arg Cys Ala Gln Arg Thr 65 70 75 80 Ala Gly Ala Pro Asp Pro Ala Trp Asp Trp Gln His Val Gly 85 90 32 89 PRT Homo sapiens 32 Met Ala Ser Asp Asp Leu Ser Leu Ile Arg Lys Asn Arg Met Ala Leu 1 5 10 15 Phe Gln Gln Leu Thr Cys Val Leu Pro Ile Leu Asp Asn Leu Leu Lys 20 25 30 Ala Asn Val Thr Asn Lys Gln Glu His Asp Ile Ile Lys Gln Lys Thr 35 40 45 Gln Ile Pro Leu Gln Ala Arg Glu Leu Ile Asp Thr Ile Trp Val Lys 50 55 60 Gly Asn Ala Ala Ala Asn Ile Phe Lys Asn Cys Leu Lys Glu Ile Asp 65 70 75 80 Ser Thr Leu Tyr Lys Asn Leu Phe Val 85 33 89 PRT Homo sapiens 33 Lys Glu Ser Asn Asp Leu Leu Leu Ile Arg Lys Asn Arg Met Ala Leu 1 5 10 15 Phe Gln His Leu Thr Cys Val Ile Pro Ile Leu Asp Ser Leu Leu Thr 20 25 30 Ala Gly Ile Ile Asn Glu Gln Glu His Asp Val Ile Lys Gln Lys Thr 35 40 45 Gln Thr Ser Leu Gln Ala Arg Glu Leu Ile Asp Thr Ile Leu Val Lys 50 55 60 Gly Asn Ile Ala Ala Thr Val Phe Arg Asn Ser Leu Gln Glu Ala Glu 65 70 75 80 Ala Val Leu Tyr Glu His Leu Phe Val 85 34 24 DNA Homo sapiens 34 ccctggtact tgcccctccg gtag 24 35 18 DNA Homo sapiens 35 cctggtactt gcccctcc 18 36 23 DNA Homo sapiens 36 tcgttaagcc cttgaagaca gtg 23 37 30 DNA Homo sapiens 37 tcgttagccc ttgaagacca gtgagtgtag 30 38 4302 DNA Homo sapiens CDS (438)...(1184) misc_feature (1)...(4302) n = A,T,C or G 38 cccgcgtccg cgtccccgga ccatggcgct ctccgggctc ttctctagct ctcagcggct 60 gcgaagtctg tnaacctggt ggccaagtga ttgtaagtca ggagactttc cttcggtttc 120 tgcctttgat ggcaagaggt ggagattgtg gcggcgatta cagaaaacat ctgggaagac 180 aagttgctgt ttttatggga atcgcaggct tggaagagac agaagcaatt ccagaaataa 240 attggaaatt gaagatttaa acaatgttgt tttaaaatat tctaacttca aagaatgatg 300 ccagaaactt aaaaaggggc tgcgcagagt agcaggggcc ctggagggcg cggcctgaat 360 cctgattgcc cttctgctga gaggacacac gcagctgaag atgaatttgg gaaaagtagc 420 cgcttgctac tttaact atg gaa gag cag ggc cac agt gag atg gaa ata 470 Met Glu Glu Gln Gly His Ser Glu Met Glu Ile 1 5 10 atc cca tca gag tct cac ccc cac att caa tta ctg aaa agc aat cgg 518 Ile Pro Ser Glu Ser His Pro His Ile Gln Leu Leu Lys Ser Asn Arg 15 20 25 gaa ctt ctg gtc act cac atc cgc aat act cag tgt ctg gtg gac aac 566 Glu Leu Leu Val Thr His Ile Arg Asn Thr Gln Cys Leu Val Asp Asn 30 35 40 ttg ctg aag aat gac tac ttc tcg gcc gaa gat gcg gag att gtg tgt 614 Leu Leu Lys Asn Asp Tyr Phe Ser Ala Glu Asp Ala Glu Ile Val Cys 45 50 55 gcc tgc ccc acc cag cct gac aag gtc cgc aaa att ctg gac ctg gta 662 Ala Cys Pro Thr Gln Pro Asp Lys Val Arg Lys Ile Leu Asp Leu Val 60 65 70 75 cag agc aag ggc gag gag gtg tcc gag ttc ttc ctc tac ttg ctc cag 710 Gln Ser Lys Gly Glu Glu Val Ser Glu Phe Phe Leu Tyr Leu Leu Gln 80 85 90 caa ctc gca gat gcc tac gtg gac ctc agg cct tgg ctg ctg gag atc 758 Gln Leu Ala Asp Ala Tyr Val Asp Leu Arg Pro Trp Leu Leu Glu Ile 95 100 105 ggc ttc tcc cct tcc ctg ctc act cag agc aaa gtc gtg gtc aac act 806 Gly Phe Ser Pro Ser Leu Leu Thr Gln Ser Lys Val Val Val Asn Thr 110 115 120 gac cca gtg agc agg tat acc cag cag ctg cga cac cat ctg ggc cgt 854 Asp Pro Val Ser Arg Tyr Thr Gln Gln Leu Arg His His Leu Gly Arg 125 130 135 gac tcc aag ttc gtg ctg tgc tat gcc cag aag gag gag ctg ctg ctg 902 Asp Ser Lys Phe Val Leu Cys Tyr Ala Gln Lys Glu Glu Leu Leu Leu 140 145 150 155 gag gag atc tac atg gac acc atc atg gag ctg gtt ggc ttc agc aat 950 Glu Glu Ile Tyr Met Asp Thr Ile Met Glu Leu Val Gly Phe Ser Asn 160 165 170 gag agc ctg ggc agc ctg aac agc ctg gcc tgc ctc ctg gac cac acc 998 Glu Ser Leu Gly Ser Leu Asn Ser Leu Ala Cys Leu Leu Asp His Thr 175 180 185 acc ggc atc ctc aat gag cag gct gct tca agg aaa gtg aca ggc tgt 1046 Thr Gly Ile Leu Asn Glu Gln Ala Ala Ser Arg Lys Val Thr Gly Cys 190 195 200 gtc tgc agg acc tgc tct tca agc act act gct acc cag agc ggg acc 1094 Val Cys Arg Thr Cys Ser Ser Ser Thr Thr Ala Thr Gln Ser Gly Thr 205 210 215 ccg agg agg tgt ttg cct tcc tgc tgc gct tcc ccc acg tgg ccc tct 1142 Pro Arg Arg Cys Leu Pro Ser Cys Cys Ala Ser Pro Thr Trp Pro Ser 220 225 230 235 tca cct tcg atg gcc tgg acg agc tgc act cgg act tgg acc 1184 Ser Pro Ser Met Ala Trp Thr Ser Cys Thr Arg Thr Trp Thr 240 245 tgagccgcgt gcctgacagc tcctgcccct gggagcctgc ccaccccctg gtcttgctgg 1244 ccaacctgct cagtgggaag ctgctcaagg gggctagcaa gctgctcaca gcccgcacag 1304 gcatcgaggt cccgcgccag ttcctgcgga agaaggtgct tctccggggc ttctccccca 1364 gccacctgcg cgcctatgcc aggaggatgt tccccgagcg ggccctgcag gaccgcctgc 1424 tgagccagct ggaggccaac cccaacctct gcagcctgtg ctctgtgccc ctcttctgct 1484 ggatcatctt ccggtgcttc cagcacttcc gtgctgcctt tgaaggctca ccacagctgc 1544 ccgactgcac gatgaccctg acagatgtct tcctcctggt cactgaggtc catctgaaca 1604 ggatgcagcc cagcagcctg gtgcagcgga acacacgcag cccagtggag accctccacg 1664 ccggccggga cactctgtgc tcgctggggc aggtggccca ccggggcatg gagaagagcc 1724 tctttgtctt cacccaggag gaggtgcagg cctccgggct gcaggagaga gacatgcagc 1784 tgggcttcct gcgggctttg ccggagctgg gccccggggg tgaccagcag tcctatgagt 1844 ttttccacct caccctccag gccttcttta cagccttctt cctcgtgctg gacgacaggg 1904 tgggcactca ggagctgctc aggttcttcc aggagtggat gccccctgcg ggggcagcga 1964 ccacgtcctg ctatcctccc ttcctcccgt tccagtgcct gcagggcagt ggtccggcgc 2024 gggaagacct cttcaagaac aaggatcact tccagttcac caacctcttc ctgtgcgggc 2084 tgttgkccaa agccaaacag aaactcctgc ggcatctggt gcccgcggca gccctgagga 2144 gaaagcgcaa ggccctgtgg gcacacctgt tttccagcct gcggggctac ctgaagagcc 2204 tgccccgcgt tcaggtcgaa agcttcaacc aggtgcaggc catgcccacg ttcatctgga 2264 tgctgcgctg catctacgag acacagagcc agaaggtggg gcagctggcg gccaggggca 2324 tctgcgccaa ctacctcaag ctgacctact gcaacgcctg ctcggccgac tgcagcgccc 2384 tctccttcgt cctgcatcac ttccccaagc ggctggccct agacctagac aacaacaatc 2444 tcaacgacta cggcgtgcgg gagctgcagc cctgcttcag ccgcctcact gttctcagac 2504 tcagcgtaaa ccagatcact gacggtgggg taaaggtgct aagcgaagag ctgaccaaat 2564 acaaaattgt gacctatttg ggtttataca acaaccagat caccgatgtc ggagccaggt 2624 acgtcaccaa aatcctggat gaatgcaaag gcctcacgca tcttaaactg ggaaaaaaca 2684 aaataacaag tgaaggaggg aagtatctcg ccctggctgt gaagaacagc aaatcaatct 2744 ctgaggttgg gatgtggggc aatcaagttg gggatgaagg agcaaaagcc ttcgcagagg 2804 ctctgcggaa ccaccccagc ttgaccaccc tgagtcttgc gtccaacggc atctccacag 2864 aaggaggaaa gagccttgcg agggccctgc agcagaacac gtctctagaa atactgtggc 2924 tgacccaaaa tgaactcaac gatgaagtgg cagagagttt ggcagaaatg ttgaaagtca 2984 accagacgtt aaagcattta tggcttatcc agaatcasat cacagctwar gggactgccc 3044 agctggcaga tgcgttacag agcaacactg gcataacaga gatttgccta aatggaaacc 3104 tgataaaacc agaggaggcc aaagtctatg aagatgagaa gcggattatc tgtttctgag 3164 aggatgcttt cctgttcatg gggtttttgc cctggagcct cagcagcaaa tgccactytg 3224 ggcagtcttt tgtgtcagtg tcttaaaggg gcctgcgcag gcgggactat caggagtcca 3284 ctgcctccat gatgcaagcc agcttcctgt gcagaaggtc tggtcggcaa actccctaag 3344 tacccgctac aattctgcag aaaaagaatg tgtcttgcga gctgttgtag ttacagtaaa 3404 tacactgtga agagacttta ttgcctatta taattatttt tatctgaagc tagaggaata 3464 aagctgtgag caaacagagg aggccagcct cacctcattc caacacctgc catagggacc 3524 aacgggagcg agttggtcac cgctcttttc attgaagagt tgaggatgtg gcacaaagtt 3584 ggtgccaagc ttcttgaata aaacgtgttt gatggattag tattatacct gaaatatttt 3644 cttccttctc agcactttcc catgtattga tactggtccc acttcacagc tggagacacc 3704 ggagtatgtg cagtgtggga tttgactcct ccaaggtttt gtggaaagtt aatgtcaagg 3764 aaaggatgca ccacgggctt ttaattttaa tcctggagtc tcactgtctg ctggcaaaga 3824 tagagaatgc cctcagctct tagctggtct aagaatgacg atgccttcaa aatgctgctt 3884 ccactcaggg cttctcctct gctaggctac cctcctctag aaggctgagt accatgggct 3944 acagtgtctg gccttgggaa gaagtgattc tgtccctcca aagaaatagg gcatggcttg 4004 cccctgtggc cctggcatcc aaatggctgc ttttgtctcc cttacctcgt gaagagggga 4064 agtctcttcc tgcctcccaa gcagctgaag ggtgactaaa cgggcgccaa gactcagggg 4124 atcggctggg aactgggcca gcagagcatg ttggacaccc cccaccatgg tgggcttgtg 4184 gtggctgctc catgagggtg ggggtgatac tactagatca cttgtcctct tgccagctca 4244 tttgttaata aaatactgaa aacccaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aagggcgg 4302 39 249 PRT Homo sapiens 39 Met Glu Glu Gln Gly His Ser Glu Met Glu Ile Ile Pro Ser Glu Ser 1 5 10 15 His Pro His Ile Gln Leu Leu Lys Ser Asn Arg Glu Leu Leu Val Thr 20 25 30 His Ile Arg Asn Thr Gln Cys Leu Val Asp Asn Leu Leu Lys Asn Asp 35 40 45 Tyr Phe Ser Ala Glu Asp Ala Glu Ile Val Cys Ala Cys Pro Thr Gln 50 55 60 Pro Asp Lys Val Arg Lys Ile Leu Asp Leu Val Gln Ser Lys Gly Glu 65 70 75 80 Glu Val Ser Glu Phe Phe Leu Tyr Leu Leu Gln Gln Leu Ala Asp Ala 85 90 95 Tyr Val Asp Leu Arg Pro Trp Leu Leu Glu Ile Gly Phe Ser Pro Ser 100 105 110 Leu Leu Thr Gln Ser Lys Val Val Val Asn Thr Asp Pro Val Ser Arg 115 120 125 Tyr Thr Gln Gln Leu Arg His His Leu Gly Arg Asp Ser Lys Phe Val 130 135 140 Leu Cys Tyr Ala Gln Lys Glu Glu Leu Leu Leu Glu Glu Ile Tyr Met 145 150 155 160 Asp Thr Ile Met Glu Leu Val Gly Phe Ser Asn Glu Ser Leu Gly Ser 165 170 175 Leu Asn Ser Leu Ala Cys Leu Leu Asp His Thr Thr Gly Ile Leu Asn 180 185 190 Glu Gln Ala Ala Ser Arg Lys Val Thr Gly Cys Val Cys Arg Thr Cys 195 200 205 Ser Ser Ser Thr Thr Ala Thr Gln Ser Gly Thr Pro Arg Arg Cys Leu 210 215 220 Pro Ser Cys Cys Ala Ser Pro Thr Trp Pro Ser Ser Pro Ser Met Ala 225 230 235 240 Trp Thr Ser Cys Thr Arg Thr Trp Thr 245 40 1400 DNA Homo sapiens CDS (489)...(980) misc_feature (1)...(1400) n = A,T,C or G 40 cacgcgtccg cgctactgcg ggagcagcgt cctcccgggc cacggcgctt cccggccccg 60 gcgtccccgg accatggcgc tctccgggct cttctctagc tctcagcggc tgcgaagtct 120 gtaaacctgg tggccaagtg attgtaagtc aggagacttt ccttcggttt ctgcctttga 180 tggcaagagg tggagattgt ggcggcgatt acagaaaaca tctgggaaga caagttgctg 240 tttttatggg aatcgcaggc ttggaagaga cagaagcaat tccagaaata aattggaaat 300 tgaagattta aacaatgttg ttttaaaata ttctaacttc aaagaatgat gccagaaact 360 taaaaagggg ctgcgcagag tagcaggggc cctggagggc gcggcctgaa tcctgattgc 420 ccttctgctg agaggacaca cgcagctgaa gatgaatttg ggaaaagtag ccgcttgcta 480 ctttaact atg gaa gag cag ggc cac agt gag atg gaa ata atc cca tca 530 Met Glu Glu Gln Gly His Ser Glu Met Glu Ile Ile Pro Ser 1 5 10 gag tct cac ccc cac att caa tta ctg aaa agc aat cgg gaa ctt ctg 578 Glu Ser His Pro His Ile Gln Leu Leu Lys Ser Asn Arg Glu Leu Leu 15 20 25 30 gtc act cac atc cgc aat act cag tgt ctg gtg gac aac ttg ctg aag 626 Val Thr His Ile Arg Asn Thr Gln Cys Leu Val Asp Asn Leu Leu Lys 35 40 45 aat gac tac ttc tcg gcc gaa gat gcg gag att gtg tgt gcc tgc ccc 674 Asn Asp Tyr Phe Ser Ala Glu Asp Ala Glu Ile Val Cys Ala Cys Pro 50 55 60 acc cag cct gac aag gtc cgc aaa att ctg gac ctg gta cag agc aag 722 Thr Gln Pro Asp Lys Val Arg Lys Ile Leu Asp Leu Val Gln Ser Lys 65 70 75 ggc gag gag gtg tcc gag ttc ttc ctc tac ttg ctc cag caa ctc gca 770 Gly Glu Glu Val Ser Glu Phe Phe Leu Tyr Leu Leu Gln Gln Leu Ala 80 85 90 gat gcc tac gtg gac ctc agg cct tgg ctg ctg gag atc ggc ttc tcc 818 Asp Ala Tyr Val Asp Leu Arg Pro Trp Leu Leu Glu Ile Gly Phe Ser 95 100 105 110 cct tcc ctg ctc act cag agc aaa gtc gtg gtc aac act gac cca ggt 866 Pro Ser Leu Leu Thr Gln Ser Lys Val Val Val Asn Thr Asp Pro Gly 115 120 125 agg agt cag ccc cag caa gac cgc agg cac cag tgc aag cag ggc cct 914 Arg Ser Gln Pro Gln Gln Asp Arg Arg His Gln Cys Lys Gln Gly Pro 130 135 140 ggg ggg ttt ggt aat ggc tgg gcc agc cct gag tgc cac ctc agg aag 962 Gly Gly Phe Gly Asn Gly Trp Ala Ser Pro Glu Cys His Leu Arg Lys 145 150 155 cag gcc cag gtg cta ttt tgattttaga aaggaacagc tgaatcctgt 1010 Gln Ala Gln Val Leu Phe 160 ctcccaagtg cagcccaggt ggctgcgatt gaactgccca cacctcgatg gtctggttta 1070 tagaggggcc tttggaagta tgggaatggc ctgtgttctg accccttgct ttcttcctat 1130 tctgacatat gtagacattt taatggttgc acaaattcaa ggttgtattt ttttttcttt 1190 aaaaaaatct ttagctggac atggtagcac acacctgtag ttccagctac tcaggaggct 1250 gaggcaagag gactgcttga gccccagagt ctaaggctgc agcgagctat gattgtgccc 1310 ctacactcca cagcctgggt tttagagtga gaccctgtct ctaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa 1370 aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaangggcgg 1400 41 164 PRT Homo sapiens 41 Met Glu Glu Gln Gly His Ser Glu Met Glu Ile Ile Pro Ser Glu Ser 1 5 10 15 His Pro His Ile Gln Leu Leu Lys Ser Asn Arg Glu Leu Leu Val Thr 20 25 30 His Ile Arg Asn Thr Gln Cys Leu Val Asp Asn Leu Leu Lys Asn Asp 35 40 45 Tyr Phe Ser Ala Glu Asp Ala Glu Ile Val Cys Ala Cys Pro Thr Gln 50 55 60 Pro Asp Lys Val Arg Lys Ile Leu Asp Leu Val Gln Ser Lys Gly Glu 65 70 75 80 Glu Val Ser Glu Phe Phe Leu Tyr Leu Leu Gln Gln Leu Ala Asp Ala 85 90 95 Tyr Val Asp Leu Arg Pro Trp Leu Leu Glu Ile Gly Phe Ser Pro Ser 100 105 110 Leu Leu Thr Gln Ser Lys Val Val Val Asn Thr Asp Pro Gly Arg Ser 115 120 125 Gln Pro Gln Gln Asp Arg Arg His Gln Cys Lys Gln Gly Pro Gly Gly 130 135 140 Phe Gly Asn Gly Trp Ala Ser Pro Glu Cys His Leu Arg Lys Gln Ala 145 150 155 160 Gln Val Leu Phe 42 4141 DNA Mus musculus CDS (261)...(3119) 42 ccacgcgtcc gcggaccgcg agcggtagcg ccctccctcc cagctgttgt cccgcccgat 60 ccgcgaccct agtccccgga tccccttgct gagagtcacc gtactccagg gccaactgag 120 ccaaagtcct gccaacttgg gtcagcaatg aaaggcagga tcctgggtgg tggccctgaa 180 tcctgatttg tctgccctgc cagcgagaca catgtggtca aagatgaatt tgagaaaagt 240 agctgctggc tacttgaaca atg gag gaa cac ggc cat cat gag atg gaa ggc 293 Met Glu Glu His Gly His His Glu Met Glu Gly 1 5 10 acc cca ttg ggt tgt cac tcc cac att aaa ctg ctg aag atc aac agg 341 Thr Pro Leu Gly Cys His Ser His Ile Lys Leu Leu Lys Ile Asn Arg 15 20 25 gaa cat ctg gtc acc aac att cgg aac act cag tgt ctg gtg gac aac 389 Glu His Leu Val Thr Asn Ile Arg Asn Thr Gln Cys Leu Val Asp Asn 30 35 40 ttg ctg gag aat ggc tac ttc tca gcc gaa gat gca gag att gtg tgt 437 Leu Leu Glu Asn Gly Tyr Phe Ser Ala Glu Asp Ala Glu Ile Val Cys 45 50 55 gcc tgt ccc acc aag cct gac aag gtc cga aag atc ctt gac ctg gtg 485 Ala Cys Pro Thr Lys Pro Asp Lys Val Arg Lys Ile Leu Asp Leu Val 60 65 70 75 cag agc aaa ggc gag gag gtg tct gag ttc ttc ctc tac gtg ctg cag 533 Gln Ser Lys Gly Glu Glu Val Ser Glu Phe Phe Leu Tyr Val Leu Gln 80 85 90 cag ctg gag gat gct tac gtg gac ctc agg ctg tgg ctc tca gaa att 581 Gln Leu Glu Asp Ala Tyr Val Asp Leu Arg Leu Trp Leu Ser Glu Ile 95 100 105 ggc ttc tcc cct tcc cag ctc att cgg acc aaa act atc gtc aat act 629 Gly Phe Ser Pro Ser Gln Leu Ile Arg Thr Lys Thr Ile Val Asn Thr 110 115 120 gac cca gta agc agg tat acc caa cag ctg cga cac caa ctg ggc cgc 677 Asp Pro Val Ser Arg Tyr Thr Gln Gln Leu Arg His Gln Leu Gly Arg 125 130 135 gac tcc aag ttc atg ctg tgc tac gcc cag aag gag gac ctg ctg ctg 725 Asp Ser Lys Phe Met Leu Cys Tyr Ala Gln Lys Glu Asp Leu Leu Leu 140 145 150 155 gag gag acc tat atg gac aca ctc atg ggg ctg gta ggc ttc aac aat 773 Glu Glu Thr Tyr Met Asp Thr Leu Met Gly Leu Val Gly Phe Asn Asn 160 165 170 gaa aac ctg ggc agc cta gga ggc ctg gat tgc ctg ctg gac cac agt 821 Glu Asn Leu Gly Ser Leu Gly Gly Leu Asp Cys Leu Leu Asp His Ser 175 180 185 acg ggc gtc ctc aac gag cat ggc gag act gtc ttc gtg ttc ggg gac 869 Thr Gly Val Leu Asn Glu His Gly Glu Thr Val Phe Val Phe Gly Asp 190 195 200 gcg gga gtg ggc aag tcc atg ctg ctg cag agg ttg cag agc ctc tgg 917 Ala Gly Val Gly Lys Ser Met Leu Leu Gln Arg Leu Gln Ser Leu Trp 205 210 215 gcg tca ggc agg ttg acc tcc aca gcc aaa ttc ttc ttc cac ttc cgc 965 Ala Ser Gly Arg Leu Thr Ser Thr Ala Lys Phe Phe Phe His Phe Arg 220 225 230 235 tgc cgc atg ttc agc tgc ttc aag gag agc gac atg ctg agt ctg cag 1013 Cys Arg Met Phe Ser Cys Phe Lys Glu Ser Asp Met Leu Ser Leu Gln 240 245 250 gac ctg ctc ttc aag cat ttc tgc tac ccg gag cag gac ccc gag gag 1061 Asp Leu Leu Phe Lys His Phe Cys Tyr Pro Glu Gln Asp Pro Glu Glu 255 260 265 gtg ttc tcc ttc ttg ctg cgc ttt ccc cac aca gcg ctc ttc act ttt 1109 Val Phe Ser Phe Leu Leu Arg Phe Pro His Thr Ala Leu Phe Thr Phe 270 275 280 gac ggc ctg gat gag ctg cac tca gac ttc gac ctg agc cgc gtg ccg 1157 Asp Gly Leu Asp Glu Leu His Ser Asp Phe Asp Leu Ser Arg Val Pro 285 290 295 gat agc tgc tgc ccc tgg gag ccg gct cac cct ctg gtc ctg ctg gct 1205 Asp Ser Cys Cys Pro Trp Glu Pro Ala His Pro Leu Val Leu Leu Ala 300 305 310 315 aac ctc cta agt ggg agg ctg ctc aag ggt gcc ggc aaa ttg ctc act 1253 Asn Leu Leu Ser Gly Arg Leu Leu Lys Gly Ala Gly Lys Leu Leu Thr 320 325 330 gct cgc aca ggc gtg gag gtc ccc cgc cag ctc ctg cgc aaa aag gtg 1301 Ala Arg Thr Gly Val Glu Val Pro Arg Gln Leu Leu Arg Lys Lys Val 335 340 345 ctg ctc cgg ggc ttc tcc cca agt cac ctg cgc gcc tat gcc cgc cgg 1349 Leu Leu Arg Gly Phe Ser Pro Ser His Leu Arg Ala Tyr Ala Arg Arg 350 355 360 atg ttc ccc gag cgc aca gcg cag gag cat ctg ctg cag cag ctg gat 1397 Met Phe Pro Glu Arg Thr Ala Gln Glu His Leu Leu Gln Gln Leu Asp 365 370 375 gcc aac ccc aac ctc tgc agc ctg tgc ggg gtg ccg ctc ttc tgt tgg 1445 Ala Asn Pro Asn Leu Cys Ser Leu Cys Gly Val Pro Leu Phe Cys Trp 380 385 390 395 atc atc ttc cgt tgt ttc cag cac ttc cag acg gtc ttc gag ggc tcc 1493 Ile Ile Phe Arg Cys Phe Gln His Phe Gln Thr Val Phe Glu Gly Ser 400 405 410 tct tca cag ttg ccg gac tgt gct gtg acc ctg acc gat gtc ttt ctg 1541 Ser Ser Gln Leu Pro Asp Cys Ala Val Thr Leu Thr Asp Val Phe Leu 415 420 425 ctg gtc act gag gtg cat ctg aac agg ccg cag ccc agc agc ctg gtg 1589 Leu Val Thr Glu Val His Leu Asn Arg Pro Gln Pro Ser Ser Leu Val 430 435 440 cag cgc aac acg cgc agc ccg gcg gaa acc cta cgt gca ggc tgg cgc 1637 Gln Arg Asn Thr Arg Ser Pro Ala Glu Thr Leu Arg Ala Gly Trp Arg 445 450 455 acg ctg cat gcg ctg gga gag gtg gct cac cga ggc acc gac aag agc 1685 Thr Leu His Ala Leu Gly Glu Val Ala His Arg Gly Thr Asp Lys Ser 460 465 470 475 ctc ttt gtg ttt ggc cag gag gag gtg cag gcg tcg aag ctg cag gaa 1733 Leu Phe Val Phe Gly Gln Glu Glu Val Gln Ala Ser Lys Leu Gln Glu 480 485 490 gga gat ctg cag ctg ggc ttc ctg cgg gct ttg ccc gat gtg ggc cct 1781 Gly Asp Leu Gln Leu Gly Phe Leu Arg Ala Leu Pro Asp Val Gly Pro 495 500 505 gag cag ggc cag tct tac gaa ttt ttc cac ctt acg ctc cag gcc ttc 1829 Glu Gln Gly Gln Ser Tyr Glu Phe Phe His Leu Thr Leu Gln Ala Phe 510 515 520 ttc acc gcc ttc ttc ctg gta gca gat gac aaa gtg agc acc cgg gag 1877 Phe Thr Ala Phe Phe Leu Val Ala Asp Asp Lys Val Ser Thr Arg Glu 525 530 535 ttg ctg agg ttc ttt cga gaa tgg acg tct cct gga gag gca aca agc 1925 Leu Leu Arg Phe Phe Arg Glu Trp Thr Ser Pro Gly Glu Ala Thr Ser 540 545 550 555 tcg tcc tgc cat tct tcc ttc ttc tcc ttc cag tgc ctg ggc ggc aga 1973 Ser Ser Cys His Ser Ser Phe Phe Ser Phe Gln Cys Leu Gly Gly Arg 560 565 570 agc cgg ttg ggc cct gat cct ttc agg aac aaa gat cac ttc cag ttc 2021 Ser Arg Leu Gly Pro Asp Pro Phe Arg Asn Lys Asp His Phe Gln Phe 575 580 585 acc aac ctc ttc gtg tgc ggg cta ctg gcc aaa gcc cga cag aaa ctc 2069 Thr Asn Leu Phe Val Cys Gly Leu Leu Ala Lys Ala Arg Gln Lys Leu 590 595 600 ctt cgg cag ctg gtg ccc aag gct atc ctg agg agg aag cgc aag gcc 2117 Leu Arg Gln Leu Val Pro Lys Ala Ile Leu Arg Arg Lys Arg Lys Ala 605 610 615 ctg tgg gct cac ctg ttt gct agc ctg cgc tcc tac ttg aag agc cta 2165 Leu Trp Ala His Leu Phe Ala Ser Leu Arg Ser Tyr Leu Lys Ser Leu 620 625 630 635 cct cgg gtc cag tct gga ggc ttt aac cag gtg cat gcc atg ccc aca 2213 Pro Arg Val Gln Ser Gly Gly Phe Asn Gln Val His Ala Met Pro Thr 640 645 650 ttc ctg tgg atg ctg cgc tgc atc tat gag acg cag agc cag aag gtg 2261 Phe Leu Trp Met Leu Arg Cys Ile Tyr Glu Thr Gln Ser Gln Lys Val 655 660 665 ggg cgc ctc gcc gcc agg ggc atc agt gcg gac tac ctc aag ctg gcc 2309 Gly Arg Leu Ala Ala Arg Gly Ile Ser Ala Asp Tyr Leu Lys Leu Ala 670 675 680 ttt tgc aac gct tgc tct gcg gac tgc agc gcc ctg tcc ttc gtc ctg 2357 Phe Cys Asn Ala Cys Ser Ala Asp Cys Ser Ala Leu Ser Phe Val Leu 685 690 695 cat cac ttc cac agg cag ctg gcc cta gac ctg gac aac aac aac ctc 2405 His His Phe His Arg Gln Leu Ala Leu Asp Leu Asp Asn Asn Asn Leu 700 705 710 715 aat gac tat ggc gtg cag gag ctg cag cct tgc ttt agc cgt ctc acg 2453 Asn Asp Tyr Gly Val Gln Glu Leu Gln Pro Cys Phe Ser Arg Leu Thr 720 725 730 gtt atc aga ctc agc gtc aac cag atc acc gac acg ggg gtg aag gtg 2501 Val Ile Arg Leu Ser Val Asn Gln Ile Thr Asp Thr Gly Val Lys Val 735 740 745 cta tgt gag gaa ctg acc aag tat aag atc gtg acg ttc ctg ggt tta 2549 Leu Cys Glu Glu Leu Thr Lys Tyr Lys Ile Val Thr Phe Leu Gly Leu 750 755 760 tac aac aac cag ata act gat atc gga gcc agg tat gtg gcc caa atc 2597 Tyr Asn Asn Gln Ile Thr Asp Ile Gly Ala Arg Tyr Val Ala Gln Ile 765 770 775 ctg gat gaa tgc aga ggc ctc aag cac ctt aaa cta ggg aaa aac aga 2645 Leu Asp Glu Cys Arg Gly Leu Lys His Leu Lys Leu Gly Lys Asn Arg 780 785 790 795 ata aca agt gag ggc ggg aag tgt gtg gct ttg gct gtg aag aac agc 2693 Ile Thr Ser Glu Gly Gly Lys Cys Val Ala Leu Ala Val Lys Asn Ser 800 805 810 acc tcc atc gtt gat gtt ggg atg tgg ggt aat cag att gga gac gaa 2741 Thr Ser Ile Val Asp Val Gly Met Trp Gly Asn Gln Ile Gly Asp Glu 815 820 825 ggg gca aag gcc ttc gca gag gca ttg aag gac cac ccc agc ctg acc 2789 Gly Ala Lys Ala Phe Ala Glu Ala Leu Lys Asp His Pro Ser Leu Thr 830 835 840 act ctc agt ctt gca ttc aat ggc atc tct ccg gag gga ggg aag agc 2837 Thr Leu Ser Leu Ala Phe Asn Gly Ile Ser Pro Glu Gly Gly Lys Ser 845 850 855 ctt gcg cag gcc ctg aag cag aac acc aca ctg aca gta atc tgg ctg 2885 Leu Ala Gln Ala Leu Lys Gln Asn Thr Thr Leu Thr Val Ile Trp Leu 860 865 870 875 acc aaa aat gaa ctt aat gat gag tct gca gag tgc ttc gct gag atg 2933 Thr Lys Asn Glu Leu Asn Asp Glu Ser Ala Glu Cys Phe Ala Glu Met 880 885 890 ctg aga gtg aac cag acg cta cgg cat tta tgg ctg atc cag aat cgc 2981 Leu Arg Val Asn Gln Thr Leu Arg His Leu Trp Leu Ile Gln Asn Arg 895 900 905 atc aca gcc aag ggg aca gcg cag ctg gcg agg gca ctg cag aag aac 3029 Ile Thr Ala Lys Gly Thr Ala Gln Leu Ala Arg Ala Leu Gln Lys Asn 910 915 920 aca gcc ata aca gag att tgt ctc aat gga aac ttg att aag ccc gag 3077 Thr Ala Ile Thr Glu Ile Cys Leu Asn Gly Asn Leu Ile Lys Pro Glu 925 930 935 gag gcc aaa gtc ttc gag aat gag aag aga atc atc tgc ttc 3119 Glu Ala Lys Val Phe Glu Asn Glu Lys Arg Ile Ile Cys Phe 940 945 950 tgacggacgc tcctgggcag gatctttgtc ctaggttgct cctcagtcac agacagcact 3179 gtgcagtcag cagggtagca ggatgctgtg cagcgcctgc agcaaggtgc ctgtcaggag 3239 cccacacctc cacagtgcac accgatgtcc cctgctcatg cttggactgg tagcacccgc 3299 gccgcggctg agaccctgca gacgcaggga gtcttaggaa ccatcgtcac cactcaaagc 3359 cagcagggca tcttctgtac aaagatctcc ctgcatatcc actagacgga agctgaagga 3419 acgcaacagc agaggaggcc aacagacgcc tggctgaagg ctccgtggga ccaacggtgt 3479 caccttcaga aaagagctgg gaacttgagc agagccgatg gtaacttctt ggggaaagaa 3539 ggcacccagt gactgcatgg ttattctgag tcctccttcc tctgcttagt ccctctcact 3599 gtacaggtct gtttcttcct cgcagctgtg gctgctgaag taggtccact gtggggagag 3659 ctcatcacag actttggttc ggttctggat tctcagtggt ggcaaccgag agtcagacga 3719 taccctctag gtcagtctca gaggatctct atgctgtgag agggttgagg gcccacccag 3779 aatttttttt ttttaccagt ttttactgtg cctgccccag gagggagaat tacttcccag 3839 cctccacagc agcaggcatg gcttgcctca atggtcctga gatcccaaca aaactctctc 3899 ccttgcctgt gagcagaaag tatcttcatg tcctcagaag ttggagggtg actggacaca 3959 gttaagactc agagagccag ctgatagctc aaagcaaagc atggcacata cccaccacca 4019 taccatggtg cgcatgggat gggacagttg gaatgttgca gataacgtgt tcttttgcca 4079 gttcatttgt taataaaata tttaaaacgt taaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaagggc 4139 gg 4141 43 953 PRT Mus musculus 43 Met Glu Glu His Gly His His Glu Met Glu Gly Thr Pro Leu Gly Cys 1 5 10 15 His Ser His Ile Lys Leu Leu Lys Ile Asn Arg Glu His Leu Val Thr 20 25 30 Asn Ile Arg Asn Thr Gln Cys Leu Val Asp Asn Leu Leu Glu Asn Gly 35 40 45 Tyr Phe Ser Ala Glu Asp Ala Glu Ile Val Cys Ala Cys Pro Thr Lys 50 55 60 Pro Asp Lys Val Arg Lys Ile Leu Asp Leu Val Gln Ser Lys Gly Glu 65 70 75 80 Glu Val Ser Glu Phe Phe Leu Tyr Val Leu Gln Gln Leu Glu Asp Ala 85 90 95 Tyr Val Asp Leu Arg Leu Trp Leu Ser Glu Ile Gly Phe Ser Pro Ser 100 105 110 Gln Leu Ile Arg Thr Lys Thr Ile Val Asn Thr Asp Pro Val Ser Arg 115 120 125 Tyr Thr Gln Gln Leu Arg His Gln Leu Gly Arg Asp Ser Lys Phe Met 130 135 140 Leu Cys Tyr Ala Gln Lys Glu Asp Leu Leu Leu Glu Glu Thr Tyr Met 145 150 155 160 Asp Thr Leu Met Gly Leu Val Gly Phe Asn Asn Glu Asn Leu Gly Ser 165 170 175 Leu Gly Gly Leu Asp Cys Leu Leu Asp His Ser Thr Gly Val Leu Asn 180 185 190 Glu His Gly Glu Thr Val Phe Val Phe Gly Asp Ala Gly Val Gly Lys 195 200 205 Ser Met Leu Leu Gln Arg Leu Gln Ser Leu Trp Ala Ser Gly Arg Leu 210 215 220 Thr Ser Thr Ala Lys Phe Phe Phe His Phe Arg Cys Arg Met Phe Ser 225 230 235 240 Cys Phe Lys Glu Ser Asp Met Leu Ser Leu Gln Asp Leu Leu Phe Lys 245 250 255 His Phe Cys Tyr Pro Glu Gln Asp Pro Glu Glu Val Phe Ser Phe Leu 260 265 270 Leu Arg Phe Pro His Thr Ala Leu Phe Thr Phe Asp Gly Leu Asp Glu 275 280 285 Leu His Ser Asp Phe Asp Leu Ser Arg Val Pro Asp Ser Cys Cys Pro 290 295 300 Trp Glu Pro Ala His Pro Leu Val Leu Leu Ala Asn Leu Leu Ser Gly 305 310 315 320 Arg Leu Leu Lys Gly Ala Gly Lys Leu Leu Thr Ala Arg Thr Gly Val 325 330 335 Glu Val Pro Arg Gln Leu Leu Arg Lys Lys Val Leu Leu Arg Gly Phe 340 345 350 Ser Pro Ser His Leu Arg Ala Tyr Ala Arg Arg Met Phe Pro Glu Arg 355 360 365 Thr Ala Gln Glu His Leu Leu Gln Gln Leu Asp Ala Asn Pro Asn Leu 370 375 380 Cys Ser Leu Cys Gly Val Pro Leu Phe Cys Trp Ile Ile Phe Arg Cys 385 390 395 400 Phe Gln His Phe Gln Thr Val Phe Glu Gly Ser Ser Ser Gln Leu Pro 405 410 415 Asp Cys Ala Val Thr Leu Thr Asp Val Phe Leu Leu Val Thr Glu Val 420 425 430 His Leu Asn Arg Pro Gln Pro Ser Ser Leu Val Gln Arg Asn Thr Arg 435 440 445 Ser Pro Ala Glu Thr Leu Arg Ala Gly Trp Arg Thr Leu His Ala Leu 450 455 460 Gly Glu Val Ala His Arg Gly Thr Asp Lys Ser Leu Phe Val Phe Gly 465 470 475 480 Gln Glu Glu Val Gln Ala Ser Lys Leu Gln Glu Gly Asp Leu Gln Leu 485 490 495 Gly Phe Leu Arg Ala Leu Pro Asp Val Gly Pro Glu Gln Gly Gln Ser 500 505 510 Tyr Glu Phe Phe His Leu Thr Leu Gln Ala Phe Phe Thr Ala Phe Phe 515 520 525 Leu Val Ala Asp Asp Lys Val Ser Thr Arg Glu Leu Leu Arg Phe Phe 530 535 540 Arg Glu Trp Thr Ser Pro Gly Glu Ala Thr Ser Ser Ser Cys His Ser 545 550 555 560 Ser Phe Phe Ser Phe Gln Cys Leu Gly Gly Arg Ser Arg Leu Gly Pro 565 570 575 Asp Pro Phe Arg Asn Lys Asp His Phe Gln Phe Thr Asn Leu Phe Val 580 585 590 Cys Gly Leu Leu Ala Lys Ala Arg Gln Lys Leu Leu Arg Gln Leu Val 595 600 605 Pro Lys Ala Ile Leu Arg Arg Lys Arg Lys Ala Leu Trp Ala His Leu 610 615 620 Phe Ala Ser Leu Arg Ser Tyr Leu Lys Ser Leu Pro Arg Val Gln Ser 625 630 635 640 Gly Gly Phe Asn Gln Val His Ala Met Pro Thr Phe Leu Trp Met Leu 645 650 655 Arg Cys Ile Tyr Glu Thr Gln Ser Gln Lys Val Gly Arg Leu Ala Ala 660 665 670 Arg Gly Ile Ser Ala Asp Tyr Leu Lys Leu Ala Phe Cys Asn Ala Cys 675 680 685 Ser Ala Asp Cys Ser Ala Leu Ser Phe Val Leu His His Phe His Arg 690 695 700 Gln Leu Ala Leu Asp Leu Asp Asn Asn Asn Leu Asn Asp Tyr Gly Val 705 710 715 720 Gln Glu Leu Gln Pro Cys Phe Ser Arg Leu Thr Val Ile Arg Leu Ser 725 730 735 Val Asn Gln Ile Thr Asp Thr Gly Val Lys Val Leu Cys Glu Glu Leu 740 745 750 Thr Lys Tyr Lys Ile Val Thr Phe Leu Gly Leu Tyr Asn Asn Gln Ile 755 760 765 Thr Asp Ile Gly Ala Arg Tyr Val Ala Gln Ile Leu Asp Glu Cys Arg 770 775 780 Gly Leu Lys His Leu Lys Leu Gly Lys Asn Arg Ile Thr Ser Glu Gly 785 790 795 800 Gly Lys Cys Val Ala Leu Ala Val Lys Asn Ser Thr Ser Ile Val Asp 805 810 815 Val Gly Met Trp Gly Asn Gln Ile Gly Asp Glu Gly Ala Lys Ala Phe 820 825 830 Ala Glu Ala Leu Lys Asp His Pro Ser Leu Thr Thr Leu Ser Leu Ala 835 840 845 Phe Asn Gly Ile Ser Pro Glu Gly Gly Lys Ser Leu Ala Gln Ala Leu 850 855 860 Lys Gln Asn Thr Thr Leu Thr Val Ile Trp Leu Thr Lys Asn Glu Leu 865 870 875 880 Asn Asp Glu Ser Ala Glu Cys Phe Ala Glu Met Leu Arg Val Asn Gln 885 890 895 Thr Leu Arg His Leu Trp Leu Ile Gln Asn Arg Ile Thr Ala Lys Gly 900 905 910 Thr Ala Gln Leu Ala Arg Ala Leu Gln Lys Asn Thr Ala Ile Thr Glu 915 920 925 Ile Cys Leu Asn Gly Asn Leu Ile Lys Pro Glu Glu Ala Lys Val Phe 930 935 940 Glu Asn Glu Lys Arg Ile Ile Cys Phe 945 950 44 19 DNA Homo sapiens 44 agaaggtctg gtcggcaaa 19 45 18 DNA Homo sapiens 45 aagccctgag tggaagca 18 46 86 PRT Homo sapiens 46 Ser Arg Tyr Thr Gln Gln Leu Arg His His Leu Gly Arg Asp Ser Lys 1 5 10 15 Phe Val Leu Cys Tyr Ala Gln Lys Glu Glu Leu Leu Leu Glu Glu Ile 20 25 30 Tyr Met Asp Thr Ile Met Glu Leu Val Gly Phe Ser Asn Glu Ser Leu 35 40 45 Gly Ser Leu Asn Ser Leu Ala Cys Leu Leu Asp His Thr Thr Gly Ile 50 55 60 Leu Asn Glu Gln Gly Glu Thr Ile Phe Ile Leu Gly Asp Ala Gly Val 65 70 75 80 Gly Lys Ser Met Leu Leu 85 47 16 PRT Homo sapiens 47 Tyr Cys Tyr Pro Glu Arg Asp Pro Glu Glu Val Phe Ala Phe Leu Leu 1 5 10 15 48 740 DNA Homo sapiens CDS (54)...(638) 48 cgcgtccggc tgcagcgggg tgagcggcgg cagcggccgg ggatcctgga gcc atg 56 Met 1 ggg cgc gcg cgc gac gcc atc ctg gat gcg ctg gag aac ctg acc gcc 104 Gly Arg Ala Arg Asp Ala Ile Leu Asp Ala Leu Glu Asn Leu Thr Ala 5 10 15 gag gag ctc aag aag ttc aag ctg aag ctg ctg tcg gtg ccg ctg cgc 152 Glu Glu Leu Lys Lys Phe Lys Leu Lys Leu Leu Ser Val Pro Leu Arg 20 25 30 gag ggc tac ggg cgc atc ccg cgg ggc gcg ctg ctg tcc atg gac gcc 200 Glu Gly Tyr Gly Arg Ile Pro Arg Gly Ala Leu Leu Ser Met Asp Ala 35 40 45 ttg gac ctc acc gac aag ctg gtc agc ttc tac ctg gag acc tac ggc 248 Leu Asp Leu Thr Asp Lys Leu Val Ser Phe Tyr Leu Glu Thr Tyr Gly 50 55 60 65 gcc gag ctc acc gct aac gtg ctg cgc gac atg ggc ctg cag gag atg 296 Ala Glu Leu Thr Ala Asn Val Leu Arg Asp Met Gly Leu Gln Glu Met 70 75 80 gcc ggg cag ctg cag gcg gcc acg cac cag ggc tct gga gcc gcg cca 344 Ala Gly Gln Leu Gln Ala Ala Thr His Gln Gly Ser Gly Ala Ala Pro 85 90 95 gct ggg atc cag gcc cct cct cag tcg gca gcc aag cca ggc ctg cac 392 Ala Gly Ile Gln Ala Pro Pro Gln Ser Ala Ala Lys Pro Gly Leu His 100 105 110 ttt ata gac cag cac cgg gct gcg ctt atc gcg agg gtc aca aac gtt 440 Phe Ile Asp Gln His Arg Ala Ala Leu Ile Ala Arg Val Thr Asn Val 115 120 125 gag tgg ctg ctg gat gct ctg tac ggg aag gtc ctg acg gat gag cag 488 Glu Trp Leu Leu Asp Ala Leu Tyr Gly Lys Val Leu Thr Asp Glu Gln 130 135 140 145 tac cag gca gtg cgg gcc gag ccc acc aac cca agc aag atg cgg aag 536 Tyr Gln Ala Val Arg Ala Glu Pro Thr Asn Pro Ser Lys Met Arg Lys 150 155 160 ctc ttc agt ttc aca cca gcc tgg aac tgg acc tgc aag gac ttg ctc 584 Leu Phe Ser Phe Thr Pro Ala Trp Asn Trp Thr Cys Lys Asp Leu Leu 165 170 175 ctc cag gcc cta agg gag tcc cag tcc tac ctg gtg gag gac ctg gag 632 Leu Gln Ala Leu Arg Glu Ser Gln Ser Tyr Leu Val Glu Asp Leu Glu 180 185 190 cgg agc tgaggctcct tcccagcaac actccggtca gcccctggca atcccaccaa 688 Arg Ser 195 atcatcctga atctgatctt tttatacaca atatacgaaa agccagcttg aa 740 49 195 PRT Homo sapiens 49 Met Gly Arg Ala Arg Asp Ala Ile Leu Asp Ala Leu Glu Asn Leu Thr 1 5 10 15 Ala Glu Glu Leu Lys Lys Phe Lys Leu Lys Leu Leu Ser Val Pro Leu 20 25 30 Arg Glu Gly Tyr Gly Arg Ile Pro Arg Gly Ala Leu Leu Ser Met Asp 35 40 45 Ala Leu Asp Leu Thr Asp Lys Leu Val Ser Phe Tyr Leu Glu Thr Tyr 50 55 60 Gly Ala Glu Leu Thr Ala Asn Val Leu Arg Asp Met Gly Leu Gln Glu 65 70 75 80 Met Ala Gly Gln Leu Gln Ala Ala Thr His Gln Gly Ser Gly Ala Ala 85 90 95 Pro Ala Gly Ile Gln Ala Pro Pro Gln Ser Ala Ala Lys Pro Gly Leu 100 105 110 His Phe Ile Asp Gln His Arg Ala Ala Leu Ile Ala Arg Val Thr Asn 115 120 125 Val Glu Trp Leu Leu Asp Ala Leu Tyr Gly Lys Val Leu Thr Asp Glu 130 135 140 Gln Tyr Gln Ala Val Arg Ala Glu Pro Thr Asn Pro Ser Lys Met Arg 145 150 155 160 Lys Leu Phe Ser Phe Thr Pro Ala Trp Asn Trp Thr Cys Lys Asp Leu 165 170 175 Leu Leu Gln Ala Leu Arg Glu Ser Gln Ser Tyr Leu Val Glu Asp Leu 180 185 190 Glu Arg Ser 195 50 585 DNA Homo sapiens 50 atggggcgcg cgcgcgacgc catcctggat gcgctggaga acctgaccgc cgaggagctc 60 aagaagttca agctgaagct gctgtcggtg ccgctgcgcg agggctacgg gcgcatcccg 120 cggggcgcgc tgctgtccat ggacgccttg gacctcaccg acaagctggt cagcttctac 180 ctggagacct acggcgccga gctcaccgct aacgtgctgc gcgacatggg cctgcaggag 240 atggccgggc agctgcaggc ggccacgcac cagggctctg gagccgcgcc agctgggatc 300 caggcccctc ctcagtcggc agccaagcca ggcctgcact ttatagacca gcaccgggct 360 gcgcttatcg cgagggtcac aaacgttgag tggctgctgg atgctctgta cgggaaggtc 420 ctgacggatg agcagtacca ggcagtgcgg gccgagccca ccaacccaag caagatgcgg 480 aagctcttca gtttcacacc agcctggaac tggacctgca aggacttgct cctccaggcc 540 ctaagggagt cccagtccta cctggtggag gacctggagc ggagc 585 51 5252 DNA Rattus rattus CDS (169)...(2883) 51 cccgcgtccg gacttccctt ccagtgtttg ttcctctctg ctctctccaa cagaaggtat 60 ttttggcatg ttttatcttt gctaagtagg atttctgtct ttctttgtta acacagattt 120 ctttctgtgc cagaatgacc tgatccattt cctggtttgt agaaagcc atg gct tca 177 Met Ala Ser 1 gag ggt gct tcc tca gaa atc ata gaa aaa cag cga aca aag ttg ctc 225 Glu Gly Ala Ser Ser Glu Ile Ile Glu Lys Gln Arg Thr Lys Leu Leu 5 10 15 agt gtc ctc caa caa gat ccc gac tct atc ttg gac acg tta acc tct 273 Ser Val Leu Gln Gln Asp Pro Asp Ser Ile Leu Asp Thr Leu Thr Ser 20 25 30 35 cgg aga ctg att tct gag gag gag tat gag act cta gag gca att aca 321 Arg Arg Leu Ile Ser Glu Glu Glu Tyr Glu Thr Leu Glu Ala Ile Thr 40 45 50 gat cct ctg aag aaa agc cgg aag ctg tta att ttg atc cag aag aag 369 Asp Pro Leu Lys Lys Ser Arg Lys Leu Leu Ile Leu Ile Gln Lys Lys 55 60 65 gga gag gac agc tgt tgt tgt ttc ctc aag tgt ctg tct aat gcc ttt 417 Gly Glu Asp Ser Cys Cys Cys Phe Leu Lys Cys Leu Ser Asn Ala Phe 70 75 80 cca cag tca gct tcc acc ttg ggt tta aag cag gaa gtt cca cgg cag 465 Pro Gln Ser Ala Ser Thr Leu Gly Leu Lys Gln Glu Val Pro Arg Gln 85 90 95 ggg act gga gag gtt gtc gag gtg agc agg ggt ttg gaa gat ccc ttt 513 Gly Thr Gly Glu Val Val Glu Val Ser Arg Gly Leu Glu Asp Pro Phe 100 105 110 115 tct ctt ggg acc ata acc cca gaa ata gca gag ctc tca gaa gag aaa 561 Ser Leu Gly Thr Ile Thr Pro Glu Ile Ala Glu Leu Ser Glu Glu Lys 120 125 130 gaa tgc ccg ggt ctg gga gct ccg gag ttc ttc acc tgc aag gaa agc 609 Glu Cys Pro Gly Leu Gly Ala Pro Glu Phe Phe Thr Cys Lys Glu Ser 135 140 145 agc cac agg gaa ccg gaa gta cct tct tgg gag aat cag gaa ggg cgt 657 Ser His Arg Glu Pro Glu Val Pro Ser Trp Glu Asn Gln Glu Gly Arg 150 155 160 ggt gca cag caa gtc acc gct ccg cgt tca gtc aaa gga gtt gag tat 705 Gly Ala Gln Gln Val Thr Ala Pro Arg Ser Val Lys Gly Val Glu Tyr 165 170 175 gaa gtt cca gca agt atc tcc ctc tta agc gac ggg cag aga tac gag 753 Glu Val Pro Ala Ser Ile Ser Leu Leu Ser Asp Gly Gln Arg Tyr Glu 180 185 190 195 gag cca gat gat tcg ctg tac tta gaa gaa ggg gaa ggt gaa gag tct 801 Glu Pro Asp Asp Ser Leu Tyr Leu Glu Glu Gly Glu Gly Glu Glu Ser 200 205 210 ctt ggg tac cct gaa gat gtt ttg gag gaa ggg gcc ggc gat gac cca 849 Leu Gly Tyr Pro Glu Asp Val Leu Glu Glu Gly Ala Gly Asp Asp Pro 215 220 225 cag tgc ttt gta tat gat agt gag gag gaa tgc gag tat gag gaa aac 897 Gln Cys Phe Val Tyr Asp Ser Glu Glu Glu Cys Glu Tyr Glu Glu Asn 230 235 240 atg ggc tcc tcc ggt gaa gac agt agc tgc gac gac act tca gag acc 945 Met Gly Ser Ser Gly Glu Asp Ser Ser Cys Asp Asp Thr Ser Glu Thr 245 250 255 tgc gtt cca ttg gaa ggg gag aaa agc gct gaa gaa aga aaa aga gtg 993 Cys Val Pro Leu Glu Gly Glu Lys Ser Ala Glu Glu Arg Lys Arg Val 260 265 270 275 ttt caa cac gtc ctg tcc tgt ttg aac atg gat aga aac aga aag ctt 1041 Phe Gln His Val Leu Ser Cys Leu Asn Met Asp Arg Asn Arg Lys Leu 280 285 290 ctc cca gag ttc gtg agg cag ttt tcc ata gac cga gga tgt gag tgg 1089 Leu Pro Glu Phe Val Arg Gln Phe Ser Ile Asp Arg Gly Cys Glu Trp 295 300 305 aca ccc aag acc cca gga gac tta gct tgg aat ttc ttg atg aaa gtt 1137 Thr Pro Lys Thr Pro Gly Asp Leu Ala Trp Asn Phe Leu Met Lys Val 310 315 320 cag gct tta gac tcg aca gcc aga gat tct atc ctg agg ccc gag gtg 1185 Gln Ala Leu Asp Ser Thr Ala Arg Asp Ser Ile Leu Arg Pro Glu Val 325 330 335 gcg ggt gaa gag aat gaa gaa ttg ccg gct gga ata gag aag tta ggc 1233 Ala Gly Glu Glu Asn Glu Glu Leu Pro Ala Gly Ile Glu Lys Leu Gly 340 345 350 355 att gga gac ccc caa acc atc cat ccc ctg gat gtc ctc tgc gcc tgc 1281 Ile Gly Asp Pro Gln Thr Ile His Pro Leu Asp Val Leu Cys Ala Cys 360 365 370 atg ctt tgt gca gac agc tcc ttg cag cgt gaa gtc atg tca aac atg 1329 Met Leu Cys Ala Asp Ser Ser Leu Gln Arg Glu Val Met Ser Asn Met 375 380 385 tac caa tgc cag ttt gct ctt ccc ctg cta ctg cca gat gct gag aac 1377 Tyr Gln Cys Gln Phe Ala Leu Pro Leu Leu Leu Pro Asp Ala Glu Asn 390 395 400 aac aaa aac ctc tta atg gta ggg gcc atg aag gac tta aag cag ccc 1425 Asn Lys Asn Leu Leu Met Val Gly Ala Met Lys Asp Leu Lys Gln Pro 405 410 415 tca gca cag tcc tca gga ggg ccc ctc agg gaa aca gac aca ttt ctg 1473 Ser Ala Gln Ser Ser Gly Gly Pro Leu Arg Glu Thr Asp Thr Phe Leu 420 425 430 435 ggt ctc aca aag atg cct gtc atc tct ttt gtg cga cta gga cgc tgc 1521 Gly Leu Thr Lys Met Pro Val Ile Ser Phe Val Arg Leu Gly Arg Cys 440 445 450 agc ttc tcc aag tcc aga att gtt aac aca ctg ctc agc tcc tcc cag 1569 Ser Phe Ser Lys Ser Arg Ile Val Asn Thr Leu Leu Ser Ser Ser Gln 455 460 465 cag aaa cca tac ccg att ttc ctc cat cag gat ctg tct gtc cct gtg 1617 Gln Lys Pro Tyr Pro Ile Phe Leu His Gln Asp Leu Ser Val Pro Val 470 475 480 ctt cct cgg caa att tct gac ggc ctg gtg gaa gtg aca tgg tgc ttt 1665 Leu Pro Arg Gln Ile Ser Asp Gly Leu Val Glu Val Thr Trp Cys Phe 485 490 495 cct gac aag ttg ctg aag gaa agc ccg cat gct ttc cag aaa cct gtt 1713 Pro Asp Lys Leu Leu Lys Glu Ser Pro His Ala Phe Gln Lys Pro Val 500 505 510 515 gct gtg gcc aac ctt cgt gga gat tta gaa agc ttt tgg ata caa ttt 1761 Ala Val Ala Asn Leu Arg Gly Asp Leu Glu Ser Phe Trp Ile Gln Phe 520 525 530 ggt ttc ctg gta gaa gtt tcc tcc ggt ctt ttc ttt ttc aca gac tgc 1809 Gly Phe Leu Val Glu Val Ser Ser Gly Leu Phe Phe Phe Thr Asp Cys 535 540 545 ctt ggt gag aag gaa tgg gac ttg cta atg ttt tta gga gag gac acc 1857 Leu Gly Glu Lys Glu Trp Asp Leu Leu Met Phe Leu Gly Glu Asp Thr 550 555 560 att gaa cgg tgc tac ttt atc ctc agt ccc cag gct aag gag agt gaa 1905 Ile Glu Arg Cys Tyr Phe Ile Leu Ser Pro Gln Ala Lys Glu Ser Glu 565 570 575 gaa gcc cag att ttc caa agg atc cta aaa ctg aag cca tct cag cta 1953 Glu Ala Gln Ile Phe Gln Arg Ile Leu Lys Leu Lys Pro Ser Gln Leu 580 585 590 595 ctg ttt tgg gaa gct gag gaa gct ggg gat aga agg aag act atg gag 2001 Leu Phe Trp Glu Ala Glu Glu Ala Gly Asp Arg Arg Lys Thr Met Glu 600 605 610 gcc ctt caa gct gcc ctc cag gaa gta atg tcc tct cca ctc aga tgt 2049 Ala Leu Gln Ala Ala Leu Gln Glu Val Met Ser Ser Pro Leu Arg Cys 615 620 625 gtg tcc ctt gaa gag atg gcc tct ctg gcc agg gag ctg ggc att cag 2097 Val Ser Leu Glu Glu Met Ala Ser Leu Ala Arg Glu Leu Gly Ile Gln 630 635 640 gta gac caa gac ttt gaa gtt act caa gat att caa gtt tcc ccc aca 2145 Val Asp Gln Asp Phe Glu Val Thr Gln Asp Ile Gln Val Ser Pro Thr 645 650 655 aca gtt gaa ggt gaa aac caa caa cca tgt agt cag acc aaa agc ccg 2193 Thr Val Glu Gly Glu Asn Gln Gln Pro Cys Ser Gln Thr Lys Ser Pro 660 665 670 675 gct gaa agc gga gct cag gag cca atc aga gag cca ggg gct caa tgt 2241 Ala Glu Ser Gly Ala Gln Glu Pro Ile Arg Glu Pro Gly Ala Gln Cys 680 685 690 gac gac agt cag aat gct ccg gtt ttc cat cag act cca gta tac atg 2289 Asp Asp Ser Gln Asn Ala Pro Val Phe His Gln Thr Pro Val Tyr Met 695 700 705 cct tat cca gca cac cca tgg gct ttg gcc atc aaa gct gga ggt aac 2337 Pro Tyr Pro Ala His Pro Trp Ala Leu Ala Ile Lys Ala Gly Gly Asn 710 715 720 ttt tac cac gtt cct ttg aat gcc ccc tgg tta tgg gct ccc act ttg 2385 Phe Tyr His Val Pro Leu Asn Ala Pro Trp Leu Trp Ala Pro Thr Leu 725 730 735 gat cac agc aga ggg cta agt ggt tct ttc cat tcc cat gct aaa ccc 2433 Asp His Ser Arg Gly Leu Ser Gly Ser Phe His Ser His Ala Lys Pro 740 745 750 755 act cac tct aag gcc ttc caa gct aac tgc cac cat ccc cat ccc tcc 2481 Thr His Ser Lys Ala Phe Gln Ala Asn Cys His His Pro His Pro Ser 760 765 770 cat gct aaa ccc act cat gtg aat ccc tct cat gct aac ccc act cat 2529 His Ala Lys Pro Thr His Val Asn Pro Ser His Ala Asn Pro Thr His 775 780 785 gtg cag cct tgc atg cta aac cca ctc act cta agg cct tcc aag cta 2577 Val Gln Pro Cys Met Leu Asn Pro Leu Thr Leu Arg Pro Ser Lys Leu 790 795 800 aac cca ctc cct ctc aga cct ctt gga gcc aag cta act gca atc atg 2625 Asn Pro Leu Pro Leu Arg Pro Leu Gly Ala Lys Leu Thr Ala Ile Met 805 810 815 ccc atc cct ccc ttg cta aac cct ctc ata cga atc cct ctg atg cta 2673 Pro Ile Pro Pro Leu Leu Asn Pro Leu Ile Arg Ile Pro Leu Met Leu 820 825 830 835 acc cca ctc atg tgc agc ctt ccc atg cta aac ccg ctc atc tac agt 2721 Thr Pro Leu Met Cys Ser Leu Pro Met Leu Asn Pro Leu Ile Tyr Ser 840 845 850 ctt ccc aaa caa aac cct ccc cat ccc aat cta ctg cag ttc acg gca 2769 Leu Pro Lys Gln Asn Pro Pro His Pro Asn Leu Leu Gln Phe Thr Ala 855 860 865 cac aaa cct cag cag tcc cag tct aag cct tct cag cag aga ccc agt 2817 His Lys Pro Gln Gln Ser Gln Ser Lys Pro Ser Gln Gln Arg Pro Ser 870 875 880 cag cct aaa tca ttc cag acc aag cct tca cag gcc agg gcc tgc cac 2865 Gln Pro Lys Ser Phe Gln Thr Lys Pro Ser Gln Ala Arg Ala Cys His 885 890 895 cca aga gca ggg aga cgt taaagaacat actctggaga tctgggaaat 2913 Pro Arg Ala Gly Arg Arg 900 905 aaagtatggg ctttgcttaa gtattctttt tcatatagca agctgaagaa aagttttagt 2973 gaaagactga taaaagtagc aaaacccaaa aaaggtatgc aaagtcttaa gtgcatagca 3033 aagtatccaa gtgtgggaaa tatggaagca gttaaaagta gaatctggct gggcatggtg 3093 gcacacatct acagggttta gcatgggagg gctctgtcat cccaactcag agaagcaggc 3153 agatctctgt gtgtttgagg ccagtctggt ctacataaca acgacacaag caagtcctac 3213 atcagccata ctacaaaatg agaccccatc tggggacaaa agggttggat ctaacatcaa 3273 accaaagaaa tcagtcaagt attccagaag gcatcattaa ttacactcag tgggttacca 3333 caaccaaacc atactcgaca actaaccccc taaaggagca agaaggagtt gggtgggtgt 3393 taggctgaac atgattgggg aagaactgaa gatagataag gtcattcgta atacaggtta 3453 tgggacttgt caaatccatt aaatgcaata ttaagaagca gtgggaatct taaggctaca 3513 ttaagctcca gtgagtcgca accctcccct attagatgat gtgagatttg aaccccagtg 3573 aatggggtgt gtctgatagc ccgtgtgtgt gacaaactgt gtaattataa agtgatgaaa 3633 acgtgggagt tcagcttatc tgtgttgaag aaaggctgct tcagaggtgc cttggttttg 3693 ggtttatgat cagccactga gcagatactc tgcaccattg gtacagttaa atcagcttgc 3753 ttctggtaat agccccaatc taccacattt atcccttaca ggcggaaata atgaatgatc 3813 agcaaaacat ccaattttac cttaaccttg gtactgattt gtatatgtat cattctttat 3873 ataatagcta agaaaattta gctcattagg ggttctgata tattagttta atggtttgaa 3933 gtcagaaatg tgttagtttt taattttaga gttaattgaa aatattgaga tgaatttaca 3993 aaggctataa gtaatgtttg agagggttat aatttttgta gactcatact gttctgaaca 4053 tttggatagc ttctcgtagt tagcagtgtt atagaagaat atatttgatt caggtattta 4113 accagagctg ctcttagttt ttaagtgtca ccaagagtca ataaaaggct acattatctg 4173 aacatgtggg aacacaactg tgaccttaca cttaagagac tgaggaaggg aaatcaaggt 4233 tcaagccagc agcacatagt gagaccaggt ctcaagacac aaaaactatc caccttaagg 4293 aagattttaa aatttgcctc attaagaaat aaagtaagat ttataaattg gactaaatgt 4353 cacatctttg aacttatgac tgtttaattt tttgacttaa agtttaattt tattattgta 4413 tgcgtgtgtt gtatgtgtgt gcacatgtgt gccactgcat gtatgtggag gccatcagac 4473 aatgttgtag agtctgttct ttcctcttag ccctatgtgt tttacccact gagctaggcc 4533 acctactcct ataagtctaa ttttaaatag taaaatagtt ctaagaagtc aatcagggaa 4593 aaaaatggct gtcaaagtct caaagaaaaa tcgtattagc catggataga gactcacctc 4653 ttgaatcatt tgtgtctgag aatagcctaa tatcacaata atgtgtttgt acatgtgtta 4713 gttaatattg ttttcagagt atttaatctc tcatgattat tgtaaagatg aaaaaagaaa 4773 tagtgggcaa tgtatgtgag tatttaattt tgcctgacaa ttctgtcttt tagaatgata 4833 aatgtaagaa gtaaaataaa acggttcatt ctcagaacaa ctaagccagc tcacttaagt 4893 ctgggccctg ctggcattgg ctagtctagc tacccccacc caaacacaaa agtttagaga 4953 agaaaatgac tgagtcaagc ttgcctaatg acttttggac ataaagttta tggtcctaga 5013 aagccttaaa ataagtagga tataaaacat gtaaattaac ccacacatta tgtgggttga 5073 gaagcagaaa aatgtcagta gaacactcgg ccagtgcata aagaaggaag agacctctgt 5133 tctgggttat aaaactgctc tttgtgctca atttgtcccc tgcttttgtt tgccagaatg 5193 tacaagatta taaaataaac tcacttttac ttttaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaagggcgg 5252 52 905 PRT Rattus rattus 52 Met Ala Ser Glu Gly Ala Ser Ser Glu Ile Ile Glu Lys Gln Arg Thr 1 5 10 15 Lys Leu Leu Ser Val Leu Gln Gln Asp Pro Asp Ser Ile Leu Asp Thr 20 25 30 Leu Thr Ser Arg Arg Leu Ile Ser Glu Glu Glu Tyr Glu Thr Leu Glu 35 40 45 Ala Ile Thr Asp Pro Leu Lys Lys Ser Arg Lys Leu Leu Ile Leu Ile 50 55 60 Gln Lys Lys Gly Glu Asp Ser Cys Cys Cys Phe Leu Lys Cys Leu Ser 65 70 75 80 Asn Ala Phe Pro Gln Ser Ala Ser Thr Leu Gly Leu Lys Gln Glu Val 85 90 95 Pro Arg Gln Gly Thr Gly Glu Val Val Glu Val Ser Arg Gly Leu Glu 100 105 110 Asp Pro Phe Ser Leu Gly Thr Ile Thr Pro Glu Ile Ala Glu Leu Ser 115 120 125 Glu Glu Lys Glu Cys Pro Gly Leu Gly Ala Pro Glu Phe Phe Thr Cys 130 135 140 Lys Glu Ser Ser His Arg Glu Pro Glu Val Pro Ser Trp Glu Asn Gln 145 150 155 160 Glu Gly Arg Gly Ala Gln Gln Val Thr Ala Pro Arg Ser Val Lys Gly 165 170 175 Val Glu Tyr Glu Val Pro Ala Ser Ile Ser Leu Leu Ser Asp Gly Gln 180 185 190 Arg Tyr Glu Glu Pro Asp Asp Ser Leu Tyr Leu Glu Glu Gly Glu Gly 195 200 205 Glu Glu Ser Leu Gly Tyr Pro Glu Asp Val Leu Glu Glu Gly Ala Gly 210 215 220 Asp Asp Pro Gln Cys Phe Val Tyr Asp Ser Glu Glu Glu Cys Glu Tyr 225 230 235 240 Glu Glu Asn Met Gly Ser Ser Gly Glu Asp Ser Ser Cys Asp Asp Thr 245 250 255 Ser Glu Thr Cys Val Pro Leu Glu Gly Glu Lys Ser Ala Glu Glu Arg 260 265 270 Lys Arg Val Phe Gln His Val Leu Ser Cys Leu Asn Met Asp Arg Asn 275 280 285 Arg Lys Leu Leu Pro Glu Phe Val Arg Gln Phe Ser Ile Asp Arg Gly 290 295 300 Cys Glu Trp Thr Pro Lys Thr Pro Gly Asp Leu Ala Trp Asn Phe Leu 305 310 315 320 Met Lys Val Gln Ala Leu Asp Ser Thr Ala Arg Asp Ser Ile Leu Arg 325 330 335 Pro Glu Val Ala Gly Glu Glu Asn Glu Glu Leu Pro Ala Gly Ile Glu 340 345 350 Lys Leu Gly Ile Gly Asp Pro Gln Thr Ile His Pro Leu Asp Val Leu 355 360 365 Cys Ala Cys Met Leu Cys Ala Asp Ser Ser Leu Gln Arg Glu Val Met 370 375 380 Ser Asn Met Tyr Gln Cys Gln Phe Ala Leu Pro Leu Leu Leu Pro Asp 385 390 395 400 Ala Glu Asn Asn Lys Asn Leu Leu Met Val Gly Ala Met Lys Asp Leu 405 410 415 Lys Gln Pro Ser Ala Gln Ser Ser Gly Gly Pro Leu Arg Glu Thr Asp 420 425 430 Thr Phe Leu Gly Leu Thr Lys Met Pro Val Ile Ser Phe Val Arg Leu 435 440 445 Gly Arg Cys Ser Phe Ser Lys Ser Arg Ile Val Asn Thr Leu Leu Ser 450 455 460 Ser Ser Gln Gln Lys Pro Tyr Pro Ile Phe Leu His Gln Asp Leu Ser 465 470 475 480 Val Pro Val Leu Pro Arg Gln Ile Ser Asp Gly Leu Val Glu Val Thr 485 490 495 Trp Cys Phe Pro Asp Lys Leu Leu Lys Glu Ser Pro His Ala Phe Gln 500 505 510 Lys Pro Val Ala Val Ala Asn Leu Arg Gly Asp Leu Glu Ser Phe Trp 515 520 525 Ile Gln Phe Gly Phe Leu Val Glu Val Ser Ser Gly Leu Phe Phe Phe 530 535 540 Thr Asp Cys Leu Gly Glu Lys Glu Trp Asp Leu Leu Met Phe Leu Gly 545 550 555 560 Glu Asp Thr Ile Glu Arg Cys Tyr Phe Ile Leu Ser Pro Gln Ala Lys 565 570 575 Glu Ser Glu Glu Ala Gln Ile Phe Gln Arg Ile Leu Lys Leu Lys Pro 580 585 590 Ser Gln Leu Leu Phe Trp Glu Ala Glu Glu Ala Gly Asp Arg Arg Lys 595 600 605 Thr Met Glu Ala Leu Gln Ala Ala Leu Gln Glu Val Met Ser Ser Pro 610 615 620 Leu Arg Cys Val Ser Leu Glu Glu Met Ala Ser Leu Ala Arg Glu Leu 625 630 635 640 Gly Ile Gln Val Asp Gln Asp Phe Glu Val Thr Gln Asp Ile Gln Val 645 650 655 Ser Pro Thr Thr Val Glu Gly Glu Asn Gln Gln Pro Cys Ser Gln Thr 660 665 670 Lys Ser Pro Ala Glu Ser Gly Ala Gln Glu Pro Ile Arg Glu Pro Gly 675 680 685 Ala Gln Cys Asp Asp Ser Gln Asn Ala Pro Val Phe His Gln Thr Pro 690 695 700 Val Tyr Met Pro Tyr Pro Ala His Pro Trp Ala Leu Ala Ile Lys Ala 705 710 715 720 Gly Gly Asn Phe Tyr His Val Pro Leu Asn Ala Pro Trp Leu Trp Ala 725 730 735 Pro Thr Leu Asp His Ser Arg Gly Leu Ser Gly Ser Phe His Ser His 740 745 750 Ala Lys Pro Thr His Ser Lys Ala Phe Gln Ala Asn Cys His His Pro 755 760 765 His Pro Ser His Ala Lys Pro Thr His Val Asn Pro Ser His Ala Asn 770 775 780 Pro Thr His Val Gln Pro Cys Met Leu Asn Pro Leu Thr Leu Arg Pro 785 790 795 800 Ser Lys Leu Asn Pro Leu Pro Leu Arg Pro Leu Gly Ala Lys Leu Thr 805 810 815 Ala Ile Met Pro Ile Pro Pro Leu Leu Asn Pro Leu Ile Arg Ile Pro 820 825 830 Leu Met Leu Thr Pro Leu Met Cys Ser Leu Pro Met Leu Asn Pro Leu 835 840 845 Ile Tyr Ser Leu Pro Lys Gln Asn Pro Pro His Pro Asn Leu Leu Gln 850 855 860 Phe Thr Ala His Lys Pro Gln Gln Ser Gln Ser Lys Pro Ser Gln Gln 865 870 875 880 Arg Pro Ser Gln Pro Lys Ser Phe Gln Thr Lys Pro Ser Gln Ala Arg 885 890 895 Ala Cys His Pro Arg Ala Gly Arg Arg 900 905 53 2715 DNA Rattus rattus 53 atggcttcag agggtgcttc ctcagaaatc atagaaaaac agcgaacaaa gttgctcagt 60 gtcctccaac aagatcccga ctctatcttg gacacgttaa cctctcggag actgatttct 120 gaggaggagt atgagactct agaggcaatt acagatcctc tgaagaaaag ccggaagctg 180 ttaattttga tccagaagaa gggagaggac agctgttgtt gtttcctcaa gtgtctgtct 240 aatgcctttc cacagtcagc ttccaccttg ggtttaaagc aggaagttcc acggcagggg 300 actggagagg ttgtcgaggt gagcaggggt ttggaagatc ccttttctct tgggaccata 360 accccagaaa tagcagagct ctcagaagag aaagaatgcc cgggtctggg agctccggag 420 ttcttcacct gcaaggaaag cagccacagg gaaccggaag taccttcttg ggagaatcag 480 gaagggcgtg gtgcacagca agtcaccgct ccgcgttcag tcaaaggagt tgagtatgaa 540 gttccagcaa gtatctccct cttaagcgac gggcagagat acgaggagcc agatgattcg 600 ctgtacttag aagaagggga aggtgaagag tctcttgggt accctgaaga tgttttggag 660 gaaggggccg gcgatgaccc acagtgcttt gtatatgata gtgaggagga atgcgagtat 720 gaggaaaaca tgggctcctc cggtgaagac agtagctgcg acgacacttc agagacctgc 780 gttccattgg aaggggagaa aagcgctgaa gaaagaaaaa gagtgtttca acacgtcctg 840 tcctgtttga acatggatag aaacagaaag cttctcccag agttcgtgag gcagttttcc 900 atagaccgag gatgtgagtg gacacccaag accccaggag acttagcttg gaatttcttg 960 atgaaagttc aggctttaga ctcgacagcc agagattcta tcctgaggcc cgaggtggcg 1020 ggtgaagaga atgaagaatt gccggctgga atagagaagt taggcattgg agacccccaa 1080 accatccatc ccctggatgt cctctgcgcc tgcatgcttt gtgcagacag ctccttgcag 1140 cgtgaagtca tgtcaaacat gtaccaatgc cagtttgctc ttcccctgct actgccagat 1200 gctgagaaca acaaaaacct cttaatggta ggggccatga aggacttaaa gcagccctca 1260 gcacagtcct caggagggcc cctcagggaa acagacacat ttctgggtct cacaaagatg 1320 cctgtcatct cttttgtgcg actaggacgc tgcagcttct ccaagtccag aattgttaac 1380 acactgctca gctcctccca gcagaaacca tacccgattt tcctccatca ggatctgtct 1440 gtccctgtgc ttcctcggca aatttctgac ggcctggtgg aagtgacatg gtgctttcct 1500 gacaagttgc tgaaggaaag cccgcatgct ttccagaaac ctgttgctgt ggccaacctt 1560 cgtggagatt tagaaagctt ttggatacaa tttggtttcc tggtagaagt ttcctccggt 1620 cttttctttt tcacagactg ccttggtgag aaggaatggg acttgctaat gtttttagga 1680 gaggacacca ttgaacggtg ctactttatc ctcagtcccc aggctaagga gagtgaagaa 1740 gcccagattt tccaaaggat cctaaaactg aagccatctc agctactgtt ttgggaagct 1800 gaggaagctg gggatagaag gaagactatg gaggcccttc aagctgccct ccaggaagta 1860 atgtcctctc cactcagatg tgtgtccctt gaagagatgg cctctctggc cagggagctg 1920 ggcattcagg tagaccaaga ctttgaagtt actcaagata ttcaagtttc ccccacaaca 1980 gttgaaggtg aaaaccaaca accatgtagt cagaccaaaa gcccggctga aagcggagct 2040 caggagccaa tcagagagcc aggggctcaa tgtgacgaca gtcagaatgc tccggttttc 2100 catcagactc cagtatacat gccttatcca gcacacccat gggctttggc catcaaagct 2160 ggaggtaact tttaccacgt tcctttgaat gccccctggt tatgggctcc cactttggat 2220 cacagcagag ggctaagtgg ttctttccat tcccatgcta aacccactca ctctaaggcc 2280 ttccaagcta actgccacca tccccatccc tcccatgcta aacccactca tgtgaatccc 2340 tctcatgcta accccactca tgtgcagcct tgcatgctaa acccactcac tctaaggcct 2400 tccaagctaa acccactccc tctcagacct cttggagcca agctaactgc aatcatgccc 2460 atccctccct tgctaaaccc tctcatacga atccctctga tgctaacccc actcatgtgc 2520 agccttccca tgctaaaccc gctcatctac agtcttccca aacaaaaccc tccccatccc 2580 aatctactgc agttcacggc acacaaacct cagcagtccc agtctaagcc ttctcagcag 2640 agacccagtc agcctaaatc attccagacc aagccttcac aggccagggc ctgccaccca 2700 agagcaggga gacgt 2715 54 4244 DNA Homo sapiens CDS (200)...(3310) 54 ccacgcgtcc gccggatcag agagtgctcc gagctgggtt gccccactgt gcttgtatct 60 gcactctcca acactaggca tcattgacat gttaaagctt agccaaatag aattgttctt 120 tgtcattctt tttttaactt ttacttattc attaggatga tttcataata tatttcctgg 180 tttagaggaa acaggaaca atg gct acc gag agt act ccc tca gag atc ata 232 Met Ala Thr Glu Ser Thr Pro Ser Glu Ile Ile 1 5 10 gaa aga gaa aga aaa aag ttg ctt gaa atc ctt caa cat gat cct gat 280 Glu Arg Glu Arg Lys Lys Leu Leu Glu Ile Leu Gln His Asp Pro Asp 15 20 25 tct atc tta gac acg tta act tct cgg agg ctg att tct gag gaa gag 328 Ser Ile Leu Asp Thr Leu Thr Ser Arg Arg Leu Ile Ser Glu Glu Glu 30 35 40 tat gag act ctg gag aat gtt aca gat ctc ctg aag aaa agt cgg aag 376 Tyr Glu Thr Leu Glu Asn Val Thr Asp Leu Leu Lys Lys Ser Arg Lys 45 50 55 ctg tta att ttg gta cag aaa aag gga gag gcg acc tgt cag cat ttt 424 Leu Leu Ile Leu Val Gln Lys Lys Gly Glu Ala Thr Cys Gln His Phe 60 65 70 75 ctc aag tgt tta ttt agt act ttt cca cag tta gct gcc att tgc ggc 472 Leu Lys Cys Leu Phe Ser Thr Phe Pro Gln Leu Ala Ala Ile Cys Gly 80 85 90 tta agg cat gaa gtt tta aaa cat gag aat aca gta cct cct caa tct 520 Leu Arg His Glu Val Leu Lys His Glu Asn Thr Val Pro Pro Gln Ser 95 100 105 atg ggg gca agc agt aat tca gaa gat gct ttt tct cct gga ata aaa 568 Met Gly Ala Ser Ser Asn Ser Glu Asp Ala Phe Ser Pro Gly Ile Lys 110 115 120 cag cct gaa gcc cct gag atc aca gtg ttc ttc agt gag aag gaa cac 616 Gln Pro Glu Ala Pro Glu Ile Thr Val Phe Phe Ser Glu Lys Glu His 125 130 135 ttg gat ttg gaa acc tct gag ttt ttc agg gac aag aaa act agt tat 664 Leu Asp Leu Glu Thr Ser Glu Phe Phe Arg Asp Lys Lys Thr Ser Tyr 140 145 150 155 agg gaa aca gct ttg tct gcc agg aag aat gag aag gaa tat gac aca 712 Arg Glu Thr Ala Leu Ser Ala Arg Lys Asn Glu Lys Glu Tyr Asp Thr 160 165 170 cca gaa gtc aca tta tca tat tca gtt gag aaa gtt gga tgt gaa gtt 760 Pro Glu Val Thr Leu Ser Tyr Ser Val Glu Lys Val Gly Cys Glu Val 175 180 185 cca gca act att aca tat ata aaa gat gga cag aga tat gag gag cta 808 Pro Ala Thr Ile Thr Tyr Ile Lys Asp Gly Gln Arg Tyr Glu Glu Leu 190 195 200 gat gat tct tta tac tta gga aaa gag gaa tat cta gga tct gtt gac 856 Asp Asp Ser Leu Tyr Leu Gly Lys Glu Glu Tyr Leu Gly Ser Val Asp 205 210 215 acc cct gaa gat gca gaa gcc act gtg gaa gag gag gtt tat gat gac 904 Thr Pro Glu Asp Ala Glu Ala Thr Val Glu Glu Glu Val Tyr Asp Asp 220 225 230 235 cca gag cac gtt gga tat gat ggt gaa gag gac ttc gag aat tca gaa 952 Pro Glu His Val Gly Tyr Asp Gly Glu Glu Asp Phe Glu Asn Ser Glu 240 245 250 acc aca gag ttc tct ggt gaa gaa cca agt tat gag gga tca gaa acc 1000 Thr Thr Glu Phe Ser Gly Glu Glu Pro Ser Tyr Glu Gly Ser Glu Thr 255 260 265 agc ctt tca ttg gag gag gaa cag gag aaa agt ata gaa gaa aga aaa 1048 Ser Leu Ser Leu Glu Glu Glu Gln Glu Lys Ser Ile Glu Glu Arg Lys 270 275 280 aag gtg ttt aaa gat gtc ctg tta tgt ttg aac atg gat aga agc aga 1096 Lys Val Phe Lys Asp Val Leu Leu Cys Leu Asn Met Asp Arg Ser Arg 285 290 295 aag gtt ctg cca gat ttt gtt aaa caa ttc tcc tta gat cga gga tgt 1144 Lys Val Leu Pro Asp Phe Val Lys Gln Phe Ser Leu Asp Arg Gly Cys 300 305 310 315 aag tgg acc cct gag agt cca gga gac tta gcc tgg aat ttc ctg atg 1192 Lys Trp Thr Pro Glu Ser Pro Gly Asp Leu Ala Trp Asn Phe Leu Met 320 325 330 aaa gtt caa gca cga gat gtg acg gct agg gat tca atc ctc agt cac 1240 Lys Val Gln Ala Arg Asp Val Thr Ala Arg Asp Ser Ile Leu Ser His 335 340 345 aag gtt ctg gat gaa gat agc aag gag gat ttg ctg gct gga gtg gag 1288 Lys Val Leu Asp Glu Asp Ser Lys Glu Asp Leu Leu Ala Gly Val Glu 350 355 360 aat ttg gaa att cga gac ata caa acc att aat ccc ctt gac gtg ctt 1336 Asn Leu Glu Ile Arg Asp Ile Gln Thr Ile Asn Pro Leu Asp Val Leu 365 370 375 tgt gcc acc atg ctg tgt tca gat agc tct ttg caa cgc caa gtc atg 1384 Cys Ala Thr Met Leu Cys Ser Asp Ser Ser Leu Gln Arg Gln Val Met 380 385 390 395 tca aac atg tat cag tgc cag ttt gct ctt ccc ctg cta ctg cca gat 1432 Ser Asn Met Tyr Gln Cys Gln Phe Ala Leu Pro Leu Leu Leu Pro Asp 400 405 410 gca gaa aac aac aaa agc atc tta atg ctg ggg gcc atg aaa gac att 1480 Ala Glu Asn Asn Lys Ser Ile Leu Met Leu Gly Ala Met Lys Asp Ile 415 420 425 gtg aag aag cag tca aca cag ttt tca ggg ggg cct aca gag gat aca 1528 Val Lys Lys Gln Ser Thr Gln Phe Ser Gly Gly Pro Thr Glu Asp Thr 430 435 440 gaa aag ttt ctg act ctc atg aag atg cct gtc atc tct ttt gtg cgt 1576 Glu Lys Phe Leu Thr Leu Met Lys Met Pro Val Ile Ser Phe Val Arg 445 450 455 cta gga tac tgt agc ttc tct aag tcc aga atc ctc aac aca ctt ctc 1624 Leu Gly Tyr Cys Ser Phe Ser Lys Ser Arg Ile Leu Asn Thr Leu Leu 460 465 470 475 agc cct gcc cag ttg aaa tta cac aaa atc ttt ctt cat caa gat ttg 1672 Ser Pro Ala Gln Leu Lys Leu His Lys Ile Phe Leu His Gln Asp Leu 480 485 490 cct ctt ttg gtg ctt ccc cgg caa atc tct gat ggc ctg gtt gag ata 1720 Pro Leu Leu Val Leu Pro Arg Gln Ile Ser Asp Gly Leu Val Glu Ile 495 500 505 aca tgg tgt ttt cct gat agc gat gat aga aag gaa aac ccc ttt ttc 1768 Thr Trp Cys Phe Pro Asp Ser Asp Asp Arg Lys Glu Asn Pro Phe Phe 510 515 520 caa aag cct gtt gct ctg gct aat ctc cgt gga aat cta gaa agt ttt 1816 Gln Lys Pro Val Ala Leu Ala Asn Leu Arg Gly Asn Leu Glu Ser Phe 525 530 535 tgg act cag ttt ggt ttt ttg atg gaa gtt tct tca gct gtg ttt ttt 1864 Trp Thr Gln Phe Gly Phe Leu Met Glu Val Ser Ser Ala Val Phe Phe 540 545 550 555 ttc act gac tgt tta ggt gag aag gaa tgg gac ttg cta atg ttt tta 1912 Phe Thr Asp Cys Leu Gly Glu Lys Glu Trp Asp Leu Leu Met Phe Leu 560 565 570 gga gag gct gcc att gaa aga tgc tac ttt gtt ctc agt tcc caa gcc 1960 Gly Glu Ala Ala Ile Glu Arg Cys Tyr Phe Val Leu Ser Ser Gln Ala 575 580 585 agg gag agt gaa gag gct caa att ttt cag agg ata ctg aac ttg aag 2008 Arg Glu Ser Glu Glu Ala Gln Ile Phe Gln Arg Ile Leu Asn Leu Lys 590 595 600 cca gca cag cta ctg ttt tgg gag agg gga gat gct ggg gat aga agg 2056 Pro Ala Gln Leu Leu Phe Trp Glu Arg Gly Asp Ala Gly Asp Arg Arg 605 610 615 aag aac atg gag ggc ctt caa gct gcc ctc cag gaa gtg atg ttc tct 2104 Lys Asn Met Glu Gly Leu Gln Ala Ala Leu Gln Glu Val Met Phe Ser 620 625 630 635 tct tgc ctc aga tgt gtg tct gtg gag gat atg gcc gcc ctg gcc agg 2152 Ser Cys Leu Arg Cys Val Ser Val Glu Asp Met Ala Ala Leu Ala Arg 640 645 650 gag ctg ggg att cag gta gat gaa gac ttt gaa aac act cag aga att 2200 Glu Leu Gly Ile Gln Val Asp Glu Asp Phe Glu Asn Thr Gln Arg Ile 655 660 665 caa gtt tcc tct gga gaa aac atg gct ggg aca gct gaa ggt gag ggt 2248 Gln Val Ser Ser Gly Glu Asn Met Ala Gly Thr Ala Glu Gly Glu Gly 670 675 680 cag caa aga cac agt cag cta aaa agc tca tct aaa agc cag gct cta 2296 Gln Gln Arg His Ser Gln Leu Lys Ser Ser Ser Lys Ser Gln Ala Leu 685 690 695 atg cca att caa gag cct ggg act caa tgt gag ctc agc cag aat ctt 2344 Met Pro Ile Gln Glu Pro Gly Thr Gln Cys Glu Leu Ser Gln Asn Leu 700 705 710 715 cag aat ctc tat ggt acc cca gta ttc agg cct gtt cta gag aac tcc 2392 Gln Asn Leu Tyr Gly Thr Pro Val Phe Arg Pro Val Leu Glu Asn Ser 720 725 730 tgg ctc ttt cca acc aga att gga ggt aac ttt aac cat gtt tcc ttg 2440 Trp Leu Phe Pro Thr Arg Ile Gly Gly Asn Phe Asn His Val Ser Leu 735 740 745 aaa gcc tcc tgg gtt atg ggc cgc ccc ttt ggg tca gag cag agg cct 2488 Lys Ala Ser Trp Val Met Gly Arg Pro Phe Gly Ser Glu Gln Arg Pro 750 755 760 aag tgg ttc cat cct ttg cct ttt cag aat gca ggg gcc cag ggc cga 2536 Lys Trp Phe His Pro Leu Pro Phe Gln Asn Ala Gly Ala Gln Gly Arg 765 770 775 ggt aaa agt ttt ggt att caa tcc ttc cat ccc cag ata ttt tat tca 2584 Gly Lys Ser Phe Gly Ile Gln Ser Phe His Pro Gln Ile Phe Tyr Ser 780 785 790 795 ggt gaa aga ttc atg aaa ttt tcc aga gtt gct cgg gga tgt cac tcg 2632 Gly Glu Arg Phe Met Lys Phe Ser Arg Val Ala Arg Gly Cys His Ser 800 805 810 aat gga aca ttt ggg aga ctg cca aga ccc att tgt cag cat gta cag 2680 Asn Gly Thr Phe Gly Arg Leu Pro Arg Pro Ile Cys Gln His Val Gln 815 820 825 gcc tgc cct gag aga cca caa atg atg gga act ctt gaa agg tct agg 2728 Ala Cys Pro Glu Arg Pro Gln Met Met Gly Thr Leu Glu Arg Ser Arg 830 835 840 gca gta gcc tcc aag ata ggt cac tcc tat tcc ctg gat tca cag cca 2776 Ala Val Ala Ser Lys Ile Gly His Ser Tyr Ser Leu Asp Ser Gln Pro 845 850 855 gca aga gca gta ggg aag cca tgg cct cag caa gct tgc acc agg gta 2824 Ala Arg Ala Val Gly Lys Pro Trp Pro Gln Gln Ala Cys Thr Arg Val 860 865 870 875 aca gag tta act gaa gca act gga aaa ctg ata aga aca tcc cat att 2872 Thr Glu Leu Thr Glu Ala Thr Gly Lys Leu Ile Arg Thr Ser His Ile 880 885 890 gga aag cct cac cct cag tcc ttt caa cca gca gca gcc aca caa aaa 2920 Gly Lys Pro His Pro Gln Ser Phe Gln Pro Ala Ala Ala Thr Gln Lys 895 900 905 cta aga cct gct tct cag caa gga gtc cag atg aag aca caa ggt ggg 2968 Leu Arg Pro Ala Ser Gln Gln Gly Val Gln Met Lys Thr Gln Gly Gly 910 915 920 gct tca aat cca gct ctc caa ata ggg tcc cat ccc atg tgc aag agc 3016 Ala Ser Asn Pro Ala Leu Gln Ile Gly Ser His Pro Met Cys Lys Ser 925 930 935 tct cag ttc aaa tcc gat cag tcc aac cca tcc aca gtc aaa cac tcc 3064 Ser Gln Phe Lys Ser Asp Gln Ser Asn Pro Ser Thr Val Lys His Ser 940 945 950 955 cag cct aaa ccc ttc cat tct gtg ccc tct caa cct aaa tcc tct cag 3112 Gln Pro Lys Pro Phe His Ser Val Pro Ser Gln Pro Lys Ser Ser Gln 960 965 970 aca aaa tcc tgt cag tcc cag ccc tcc caa act aaa cct tct cca tgc 3160 Thr Lys Ser Cys Gln Ser Gln Pro Ser Gln Thr Lys Pro Ser Pro Cys 975 980 985 aaa tct act cag cct aag cca agc cag ccc tgg cct ccc cag tct aag 3208 Lys Ser Thr Gln Pro Lys Pro Ser Gln Pro Trp Pro Pro Gln Ser Lys 990 995 1000 cct tct cag ccc aga ccc cct caa cct aag tca tcc tca acc aat cct 3256 Pro Ser Gln Pro Arg Pro Pro Gln Pro Lys Ser Ser Ser Thr Asn Pro 1005 1010 1015 tca caa gct aag gca cac cac tca aaa gca ggg cag aag agg gga ggg 3304 Ser Gln Ala Lys Ala His His Ser Lys Ala Gly Gln Lys Arg Gly Gly 1020 1025 1030 1035 aag cat taaagagcta actccagaga tctataaagc atatccttta cccaggccat 3360 Lys His tcctatcata tagtaagcag aagagttgcc atgaaagtaa aagactactg tcattagcat 3420 gtaaaacaaa gaaagatata catgaccgaa ttggatatct ttgtttgttt gtttgagaca 3480 gagtttcact cttgttgccc aggctggagt gcaatggcac gatctcggct caccgcaacc 3540 tctgcttcct ggcttaaagt gattctcctg cctcagcctc tcgagtagct gggattacag 3600 gcatgcacca ccacacccag ctaattttgt atttttagta gaggcagggt ttctccatgt 3660 tggtcaggct ggtcttgaac tcccgacctc aggtgatccg cccacctagg cctctcaaag 3720 tgttgggatt acgtgtgtaa gccacagtgc ccagcccgaa ttggatatct ttaagatatc 3780 tgtaagtgtt atatccctaa ccaagaagaa aaatatgaaa ataattaaga ctagaatcaa 3840 gcagtagata attgaatcca atcttgggta ttattagata atgtataact tgcacccagg 3900 gaatgggggt ctatgagaca accccacttg gagaagaatg gggttagggt ctctaattgc 3960 aaagtgactg tacaatagga cgaaagttgc ctctgtgtct gagaaagtat cttagttgtt 4020 ggctgctcca gaggtatctt tgtcaaaagc ttctggttca atatcagcca ctgagcagat 4080 aaccctgctt atttggtgtg gttaaatcaa ctagcttctg ctaatagccc caatttgctt 4140 gaatgggaaa actctctcat ttgaccctta taggtagaaa taatgaatta acaaccaata 4200 aaattaatca tttggcatta aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa raaa 4244 55 1037 PRT Homo sapiens 55 Met Ala Thr Glu Ser Thr Pro Ser Glu Ile Ile Glu Arg Glu Arg Lys 1 5 10 15 Lys Leu Leu Glu Ile Leu Gln His Asp Pro Asp Ser Ile Leu Asp Thr 20 25 30 Leu Thr Ser Arg Arg Leu Ile Ser Glu Glu Glu Tyr Glu Thr Leu Glu 35 40 45 Asn Val Thr Asp Leu Leu Lys Lys Ser Arg Lys Leu Leu Ile Leu Val 50 55 60 Gln Lys Lys Gly Glu Ala Thr Cys Gln His Phe Leu Lys Cys Leu Phe 65 70 75 80 Ser Thr Phe Pro Gln Leu Ala Ala Ile Cys Gly Leu Arg His Glu Val 85 90 95 Leu Lys His Glu Asn Thr Val Pro Pro Gln Ser Met Gly Ala Ser Ser 100 105 110 Asn Ser Glu Asp Ala Phe Ser Pro Gly Ile Lys Gln Pro Glu Ala Pro 115 120 125 Glu Ile Thr Val Phe Phe Ser Glu Lys Glu His Leu Asp Leu Glu Thr 130 135 140 Ser Glu Phe Phe Arg Asp Lys Lys Thr Ser Tyr Arg Glu Thr Ala Leu 145 150 155 160 Ser Ala Arg Lys Asn Glu Lys Glu Tyr Asp Thr Pro Glu Val Thr Leu 165 170 175 Ser Tyr Ser Val Glu Lys Val Gly Cys Glu Val Pro Ala Thr Ile Thr 180 185 190 Tyr Ile Lys Asp Gly Gln Arg Tyr Glu Glu Leu Asp Asp Ser Leu Tyr 195 200 205 Leu Gly Lys Glu Glu Tyr Leu Gly Ser Val Asp Thr Pro Glu Asp Ala 210 215 220 Glu Ala Thr Val Glu Glu Glu Val Tyr Asp Asp Pro Glu His Val Gly 225 230 235 240 Tyr Asp Gly Glu Glu Asp Phe Glu Asn Ser Glu Thr Thr Glu Phe Ser 245 250 255 Gly Glu Glu Pro Ser Tyr Glu Gly Ser Glu Thr Ser Leu Ser Leu Glu 260 265 270 Glu Glu Gln Glu Lys Ser Ile Glu Glu Arg Lys Lys Val Phe Lys Asp 275 280 285 Val Leu Leu Cys Leu Asn Met Asp Arg Ser Arg Lys Val Leu Pro Asp 290 295 300 Phe Val Lys Gln Phe Ser Leu Asp Arg Gly Cys Lys Trp Thr Pro Glu 305 310 315 320 Ser Pro Gly Asp Leu Ala Trp Asn Phe Leu Met Lys Val Gln Ala Arg 325 330 335 Asp Val Thr Ala Arg Asp Ser Ile Leu Ser His Lys Val Leu Asp Glu 340 345 350 Asp Ser Lys Glu Asp Leu Leu Ala Gly Val Glu Asn Leu Glu Ile Arg 355 360 365 Asp Ile Gln Thr Ile Asn Pro Leu Asp Val Leu Cys Ala Thr Met Leu 370 375 380 Cys Ser Asp Ser Ser Leu Gln Arg Gln Val Met Ser Asn Met Tyr Gln 385 390 395 400 Cys Gln Phe Ala Leu Pro Leu Leu Leu Pro Asp Ala Glu Asn Asn Lys 405 410 415 Ser Ile Leu Met Leu Gly Ala Met Lys Asp Ile Val Lys Lys Gln Ser 420 425 430 Thr Gln Phe Ser Gly Gly Pro Thr Glu Asp Thr Glu Lys Phe Leu Thr 435 440 445 Leu Met Lys Met Pro Val Ile Ser Phe Val Arg Leu Gly Tyr Cys Ser 450 455 460 Phe Ser Lys Ser Arg Ile Leu Asn Thr Leu Leu Ser Pro Ala Gln Leu 465 470 475 480 Lys Leu His Lys Ile Phe Leu His Gln Asp Leu Pro Leu Leu Val Leu 485 490 495 Pro Arg Gln Ile Ser Asp Gly Leu Val Glu Ile Thr Trp Cys Phe Pro 500 505 510 Asp Ser Asp Asp Arg Lys Glu Asn Pro Phe Phe Gln Lys Pro Val Ala 515 520 525 Leu Ala Asn Leu Arg Gly Asn Leu Glu Ser Phe Trp Thr Gln Phe Gly 530 535 540 Phe Leu Met Glu Val Ser Ser Ala Val Phe Phe Phe Thr Asp Cys Leu 545 550 555 560 Gly Glu Lys Glu Trp Asp Leu Leu Met Phe Leu Gly Glu Ala Ala Ile 565 570 575 Glu Arg Cys Tyr Phe Val Leu Ser Ser Gln Ala Arg Glu Ser Glu Glu 580 585 590 Ala Gln Ile Phe Gln Arg Ile Leu Asn Leu Lys Pro Ala Gln Leu Leu 595 600 605 Phe Trp Glu Arg Gly Asp Ala Gly Asp Arg Arg Lys Asn Met Glu Gly 610 615 620 Leu Gln Ala Ala Leu Gln Glu Val Met Phe Ser Ser Cys Leu Arg Cys 625 630 635 640 Val Ser Val Glu Asp Met Ala Ala Leu Ala Arg Glu Leu Gly Ile Gln 645 650 655 Val Asp Glu Asp Phe Glu Asn Thr Gln Arg Ile Gln Val Ser Ser Gly 660 665 670 Glu Asn Met Ala Gly Thr Ala Glu Gly Glu Gly Gln Gln Arg His Ser 675 680 685 Gln Leu Lys Ser Ser Ser Lys Ser Gln Ala Leu Met Pro Ile Gln Glu 690 695 700 Pro Gly Thr Gln Cys Glu Leu Ser Gln Asn Leu Gln Asn Leu Tyr Gly 705 710 715 720 Thr Pro Val Phe Arg Pro Val Leu Glu Asn Ser Trp Leu Phe Pro Thr 725 730 735 Arg Ile Gly Gly Asn Phe Asn His Val Ser Leu Lys Ala Ser Trp Val 740 745 750 Met Gly Arg Pro Phe Gly Ser Glu Gln Arg Pro Lys Trp Phe His Pro 755 760 765 Leu Pro Phe Gln Asn Ala Gly Ala Gln Gly Arg Gly Lys Ser Phe Gly 770 775 780 Ile Gln Ser Phe His Pro Gln Ile Phe Tyr Ser Gly Glu Arg Phe Met 785 790 795 800 Lys Phe Ser Arg Val Ala Arg Gly Cys His Ser Asn Gly Thr Phe Gly 805 810 815 Arg Leu Pro Arg Pro Ile Cys Gln His Val Gln Ala Cys Pro Glu Arg 820 825 830 Pro Gln Met Met Gly Thr Leu Glu Arg Ser Arg Ala Val Ala Ser Lys 835 840 845 Ile Gly His Ser Tyr Ser Leu Asp Ser Gln Pro Ala Arg Ala Val Gly 850 855 860 Lys Pro Trp Pro Gln Gln Ala Cys Thr Arg Val Thr Glu Leu Thr Glu 865 870 875 880 Ala Thr Gly Lys Leu Ile Arg Thr Ser His Ile Gly Lys Pro His Pro 885 890 895 Gln Ser Phe Gln Pro Ala Ala Ala Thr Gln Lys Leu Arg Pro Ala Ser 900 905 910 Gln Gln Gly Val Gln Met Lys Thr Gln Gly Gly Ala Ser Asn Pro Ala 915 920 925 Leu Gln Ile Gly Ser His Pro Met Cys Lys Ser Ser Gln Phe Lys Ser 930 935 940 Asp Gln Ser Asn Pro Ser Thr Val Lys His Ser Gln Pro Lys Pro Phe 945 950 955 960 His Ser Val Pro Ser Gln Pro Lys Ser Ser Gln Thr Lys Ser Cys Gln 965 970 975 Ser Gln Pro Ser Gln Thr Lys Pro Ser Pro Cys Lys Ser Thr Gln Pro 980 985 990 Lys Pro Ser Gln Pro Trp Pro Pro Gln Ser Lys Pro Ser Gln Pro Arg 995 1000 1005 Pro Pro Gln Pro Lys Ser Ser Ser Thr Asn Pro Ser Gln Ala Lys Ala 1010 1015 1020 His His Ser Lys Ala Gly Gln Lys Arg Gly Gly Lys His 1025 1030 1035 56 3111 DNA Homo sapiens 56 atggctaccg agagtactcc ctcagagatc atagaaagag aaagaaaaaa gttgcttgaa 60 atccttcaac atgatcctga ttctatctta gacacgttaa cttctcggag gctgatttct 120 gaggaagagt atgagactct ggagaatgtt acagatctcc tgaagaaaag tcggaagctg 180 ttaattttgg tacagaaaaa gggagaggcg acctgtcagc attttctcaa gtgtttattt 240 agtacttttc cacagttagc tgccatttgc ggcttaaggc atgaagtttt aaaacatgag 300 aatacagtac ctcctcaatc tatgggggca agcagtaatt cagaagatgc tttttctcct 360 ggaataaaac agcctgaagc ccctgagatc acagtgttct tcagtgagaa ggaacacttg 420 gatttggaaa cctctgagtt tttcagggac aagaaaacta gttataggga aacagctttg 480 tctgccagga agaatgagaa ggaatatgac acaccagaag tcacattatc atattcagtt 540 gagaaagttg gatgtgaagt tccagcaact attacatata taaaagatgg acagagatat 600 gaggagctag atgattcttt atacttagga aaagaggaat atctaggatc tgttgacacc 660 cctgaagatg cagaagccac tgtggaagag gaggtttatg atgacccaga gcacgttgga 720 tatgatggtg aagaggactt cgagaattca gaaaccacag agttctctgg tgaagaacca 780 agttatgagg gatcagaaac cagcctttca ttggaggagg aacaggagaa aagtatagaa 840 gaaagaaaaa aggtgtttaa agatgtcctg ttatgtttga acatggatag aagcagaaag 900 gttctgccag attttgttaa acaattctcc ttagatcgag gatgtaagtg gacccctgag 960 agtccaggag acttagcctg gaatttcctg atgaaagttc aagcacgaga tgtgacggct 1020 agggattcaa tcctcagtca caaggttctg gatgaagata gcaaggagga tttgctggct 1080 ggagtggaga atttggaaat tcgagacata caaaccatta atccccttga cgtgctttgt 1140 gccaccatgc tgtgttcaga tagctctttg caacgccaag tcatgtcaaa catgtatcag 1200 tgccagtttg ctcttcccct gctactgcca gatgcagaaa acaacaaaag catcttaatg 1260 ctgggggcca tgaaagacat tgtgaagaag cagtcaacac agttttcagg ggggcctaca 1320 gaggatacag aaaagtttct gactctcatg aagatgcctg tcatctcttt tgtgcgtcta 1380 ggatactgta gcttctctaa gtccagaatc ctcaacacac ttctcagccc tgcccagttg 1440 aaattacaca aaatctttct tcatcaagat ttgcctcttt tggtgcttcc ccggcaaatc 1500 tctgatggcc tggttgagat aacatggtgt tttcctgata gcgatgatag aaaggaaaac 1560 ccctttttcc aaaagcctgt tgctctggct aatctccgtg gaaatctaga aagtttttgg 1620 actcagtttg gttttttgat ggaagtttct tcagctgtgt tttttttcac tgactgttta 1680 ggtgagaagg aatgggactt gctaatgttt ttaggagagg ctgccattga aagatgctac 1740 tttgttctca gttcccaagc cagggagagt gaagaggctc aaatttttca gaggatactg 1800 aacttgaagc cagcacagct actgttttgg gagaggggag atgctgggga tagaaggaag 1860 aacatggagg gccttcaagc tgccctccag gaagtgatgt tctcttcttg cctcagatgt 1920 gtgtctgtgg aggatatggc cgccctggcc agggagctgg ggattcaggt agatgaagac 1980 tttgaaaaca ctcagagaat tcaagtttcc tctggagaaa acatggctgg gacagctgaa 2040 ggtgagggtc agcaaagaca cagtcagcta aaaagctcat ctaaaagcca ggctctaatg 2100 ccaattcaag agcctgggac tcaatgtgag ctcagccaga atcttcagaa tctctatggt 2160 accccagtat tcaggcctgt tctagagaac tcctggctct ttccaaccag aattggaggt 2220 aactttaacc atgtttcctt gaaagcctcc tgggttatgg gccgcccctt tgggtcagag 2280 cagaggccta agtggttcca tcctttgcct tttcagaatg caggggccca gggccgaggt 2340 aaaagttttg gtattcaatc cttccatccc cagatatttt attcaggtga aagattcatg 2400 aaattttcca gagttgctcg gggatgtcac tcgaatggaa catttgggag actgccaaga 2460 cccatttgtc agcatgtaca ggcctgccct gagagaccac aaatgatggg aactcttgaa 2520 aggtctaggg cagtagcctc caagataggt cactcctatt ccctggattc acagccagca 2580 agagcagtag ggaagccatg gcctcagcaa gcttgcacca gggtaacaga gttaactgaa 2640 gcaactggaa aactgataag aacatcccat attggaaagc ctcaccctca gtcctttcaa 2700 ccagcagcag ccacacaaaa actaagacct gcttctcagc aaggagtcca gatgaagaca 2760 caaggtgggg cttcaaatcc agctctccaa atagggtccc atcccatgtg caagagctct 2820 cagttcaaat ccgatcagtc caacccatcc acagtcaaac actcccagcc taaacccttc 2880 cattctgtgc cctctcaacc taaatcctct cagacaaaat cctgtcagtc ccagccctcc 2940 caaactaaac cttctccatg caaatctact cagcctaagc caagccagcc ctggcctccc 3000 cagtctaagc cttctcagcc cagaccccct caacctaagt catcctcaac caatccttca 3060 caagctaagg cacaccactc aaaagcaggg cagaagaggg gagggaagca t 3111 57 70 PRT Mus musculus 57 Gly His Phe Val Asp Gln His Arg Gln Ala Leu Ile Ala Arg Val Thr 1 5 10 15 Glu Val Asp Gly Val Leu Asp Ala Leu His Gly Ser Val Leu Thr Glu 20 25 30 Gly Gln Tyr Gln Ala Val Arg Ala Glu Thr Thr Ser Gln Asp Lys Met 35 40 45 Arg Lys Leu Phe Ser Phe Val Pro Ser Trp Asn Leu Thr Cys Lys Asp 50 55 60 Ser Leu Leu Gln Ala Leu 65 70 58 71 PRT Homo sapiens 58 Gly Leu His Phe Ile Asp Gln His Arg Ala Ala Leu Ile Ala Arg Val 1 5 10 15 Thr Asn Val Glu Trp Leu Leu Asp Ala Leu Tyr Gly Lys Val Leu Thr 20 25 30 Asp Glu Gln Tyr Gln Ala Val Arg Ala Glu Pro Thr Asn Pro Ser Lys 35 40 45 Met Arg Lys Leu Phe Ser Phe Thr Pro Ala Trp Asn Trp Thr Cys Lys 50 55 60 Asp Leu Leu Leu Gln Ala Leu 65 70 59 107 PRT Rattus rattus 59 Met Ala Ser Glu Gly Ala Ser Ser Glu Ile Ile Glu Lys Gln Arg Thr 1 5 10 15 Lys Leu Leu Ser Val Leu Gln Gln Asp Pro Asp Ser Ile Leu Asp Thr 20 25 30 Leu Thr Ser Arg Arg Leu Ile Ser Glu Glu Glu Tyr Glu Thr Leu Glu 35 40 45 Ala Ile Thr Asp Pro Leu Lys Lys Ser Arg Lys Leu Leu Ile Leu Ile 50 55 60 Gln Lys Lys Gly Glu Asp Ser Cys Cys Cys Phe Leu Lys Cys Leu Ser 65 70 75 80 Asn Ala Phe Pro Gln Ser Ala Ser Thr Leu Gly Leu Lys Gln Glu Val 85 90 95 Pro Arg Gln Gly Thr Gly Glu Val Val Glu Val 100 105 60 777 DNA Mus musculus CDS (89)...(667) 60 gtcgacccac gcgtccggca gcaggcaggc tgcagcaggc gagcagcagc aagagtaaaa 60 ggtgaccgcg gctgcccacc ccagagcc atg ggg cgg gca cga gat gcc atc 112 Met Gly Arg Ala Arg Asp Ala Ile 1 5 ctg gac gct ctt gaa aac ttg tca ggg gat gaa ctc aaa aag ttc aag 160 Leu Asp Ala Leu Glu Asn Leu Ser Gly Asp Glu Leu Lys Lys Phe Lys 10 15 20 atg aag ctg ctg aca gtg caa ctg cga gaa ggc tat ggg cgc atc cca 208 Met Lys Leu Leu Thr Val Gln Leu Arg Glu Gly Tyr Gly Arg Ile Pro 25 30 35 40 cgc ggg gcc ctg ctg cag atg gac gcc ata gat ctc act gac aaa ctt 256 Arg Gly Ala Leu Leu Gln Met Asp Ala Ile Asp Leu Thr Asp Lys Leu 45 50 55 gtc agc tac tat ctg gag tcg tat ggc ttg gag ctc aca atg act gtg 304 Val Ser Tyr Tyr Leu Glu Ser Tyr Gly Leu Glu Leu Thr Met Thr Val 60 65 70 ctt aga gac atg ggc tta cag gag ctg gct gag cag ctg caa acg act 352 Leu Arg Asp Met Gly Leu Gln Glu Leu Ala Glu Gln Leu Gln Thr Thr 75 80 85 aaa gaa gag tct gga gct gtg gca gct gca gcc agt gtc cct gct cag 400 Lys Glu Glu Ser Gly Ala Val Ala Ala Ala Ala Ser Val Pro Ala Gln 90 95 100 agt aca gcc aga aca gga cac ttt gtg gac cag cac agg caa gca ctc 448 Ser Thr Ala Arg Thr Gly His Phe Val Asp Gln His Arg Gln Ala Leu 105 110 115 120 att gcc agg gtc aca gaa gtg gac gga gtg ctg gat gct ttg cat ggc 496 Ile Ala Arg Val Thr Glu Val Asp Gly Val Leu Asp Ala Leu His Gly 125 130 135 agt gtg ctg act gaa gga cag tac cag gca gtt cgt gca gag acc acc 544 Ser Val Leu Thr Glu Gly Gln Tyr Gln Ala Val Arg Ala Glu Thr Thr 140 145 150 agc caa gac aag atg agg aag ctc ttc agc ttt gtt cca tcc tgg aac 592 Ser Gln Asp Lys Met Arg Lys Leu Phe Ser Phe Val Pro Ser Trp Asn 155 160 165 ctg acc tgc aag gac tcc ctc ctc cag gcc ttg aag gaa ata cat ccc 640 Leu Thr Cys Lys Asp Ser Leu Leu Gln Ala Leu Lys Glu Ile His Pro 170 175 180 tac ttg gtg atg gac ctg gag cag agc tgaggtatct tttccagcta 687 Tyr Leu Val Met Asp Leu Glu Gln Ser 185 190 cattatctag ctcctgactt tgtatacaca atttttgaaa aaacaatttg tatttgtgtt 747 taaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa gggcggccgc 777 61 193 PRT Mus musculus 61 Met Gly Arg Ala Arg Asp Ala Ile Leu Asp Ala Leu Glu Asn Leu Ser 1 5 10 15 Gly Asp Glu Leu Lys Lys Phe Lys Met Lys Leu Leu Thr Val Gln Leu 20 25 30 Arg Glu Gly Tyr Gly Arg Ile Pro Arg Gly Ala Leu Leu Gln Met Asp 35 40 45 Ala Ile Asp Leu Thr Asp Lys Leu Val Ser Tyr Tyr Leu Glu Ser Tyr 50 55 60 Gly Leu Glu Leu Thr Met Thr Val Leu Arg Asp Met Gly Leu Gln Glu 65 70 75 80 Leu Ala Glu Gln Leu Gln Thr Thr Lys Glu Glu Ser Gly Ala Val Ala 85 90 95 Ala Ala Ala Ser Val Pro Ala Gln Ser Thr Ala Arg Thr Gly His Phe 100 105 110 Val Asp Gln His Arg Gln Ala Leu Ile Ala Arg Val Thr Glu Val Asp 115 120 125 Gly Val Leu Asp Ala Leu His Gly Ser Val Leu Thr Glu Gly Gln Tyr 130 135 140 Gln Ala Val Arg Ala Glu Thr Thr Ser Gln Asp Lys Met Arg Lys Leu 145 150 155 160 Phe Ser Phe Val Pro Ser Trp Asn Leu Thr Cys Lys Asp Ser Leu Leu 165 170 175 Gln Ala Leu Lys Glu Ile His Pro Tyr Leu Val Met Asp Leu Glu Gln 180 185 190 Ser 62 579 DNA Mus musculus 62 tggggcggg cacgagatgc catcctggac gctcttgaaa acttgtcagg ggatgaactc 60 aaaaagttca agatgaagct gctgacagtg caactgcgag aaggctatgg gcgcatccca 120 cgcggggccc tgctgcagat ggacgccata gatctcactg acaaacttgt cagctactat 180 ctggagtcgt atggcttgga gctcacaatg actgtgctta gagacatggg cttacaggag 240 ctggctgagc agctgcaaac gactaaagaa gagtctggag ctgtggcagc tgcagccagt 300 gtccctgctc agagtacagc cagaacagga cactttgtgg accagcacag gcaagcactc 360 attgccaggg tcacagaagt ggacggagtg ctggatgctt tgcatggcag tgtgctgact 420 gaaggacagt accaggcagt tcgtgcagag accaccagcc aagacaagat gaggaagctc 480 ttcagctttg ttccatcctg gaacctgacc tgcaaggact ccctcctcca ggccttgaag 540 gaaatacatc cctacttggt gatggacctg gagcagagc 579 63 32042 DNA Homo sapiens 63 gatcatcgtt cactgcagcc ttgaactctt gtgctcatgt gatcctcctg ccttagcctc 60 cccaatagct gggactacag gtgcgccacc atgcctggct aatttttttt atttttgtag 120 agatgggtgt ctcactatgt tgcacaggtt ggtctcaaac tactggcctt acttcaagct 180 atctacccat ctcagcctcc caaagcgctg ggattacagt catgagccaa cttgcctggc 240 cagataaagg tcttaagcat ggttccttcc tgctctaggt agagaaaccc cacaaccagt 300 gggaggtggg gtgagctctt tctgtagctt ttgctttgct gatgatgtca ttgatctctt 360 caggggctgc gcagagtagc aggggccctg gagggcgcgg cctgaatcct gattgccctt 420 ctgctgagag gacacacgca gctgaagatg aatttgggaa aagtagccgc ttgctacttt 480 aactatggaa gagcagggcc acagtgagat ggaaataatc ccatcagagt ctcaccccca 540 cattcaatta ctgaaaagca atcgggaact tctggtcact cacatccgca atactcagtg 600 tctggtggac aacttgctga agaatgacta cttctcggcc gaagatgcgg agattgtgtg 660 tgcctgcccc acccagcctg acaaggtgcc ccggggacag ggacgggcat ggcattgtgt 720 ggaccccggg agctagaaga ggcctctccc tgctgatctg agtgaagagc gtgggagttt 780 agtccagcgg gcagggctgc attttggggt actaatagca cacaaatgcc tgggttagca 840 ggttgcacag tcaggtattt tacttctgtg tttgtgtctg gagcaaaccc tgacatctca 900 gttctcattg ctgtgtgtat tggttcccag acacttcatt tttagatccc ctttaaatta 960 ggagggaaaa agaacataag cataagagca tccccagcag cgatgttcat tcagtgcctc 1020 tgaaggctgg agggctgctt gttgctgggt gagactcgga ggggaaccga ctcagggtca 1080 ggaatgatga catcccacgg tgggtccaca gtgaagaatc ttccccgctc cactgtggga 1140 cgccttaaca gcccttactt ccacttacgc tttgcgttat ctcctgaaaa ataaaatgga 1200 gaccacaaat tccttcttgg ttagaggaat gacacaactc atttatgaca tgaccccgct 1260 gggactcaga agagaccagg acggtttctg ggggaagcag tagcacactc gtgtgctttg 1320 ttctcttctc ttgatttgtt ttcccacatt tttaacaaga aaaaaagccg tttttaatat 1380 atggcctatc gccctcctac tgtgtggccc aggtgcctac ctcattatgc ccaaggggtg 1440 gttctcacct ctccactctc attcctgcac agcagttgtg tcaggttaag agggacaagg 1500 agaaggctgg gcaccgtggc tcacgcctgt aatcccagca ctttgggagg ccgaggcagg 1560 cagatcacct aaggtcagga gtttgagacc agcctggcca acatggggaa aacccgtctc 1620 taataaaaac acaaaaatta gtcgggcatg gtggtgggtg cctgtaatcc cagccacttg 1680 ggaggctgag gaaagagaat tccttgaacc tgggaggtgg aggttgcagt gagccaagat 1740 tgtgccattg cactccagcc ctccagcctg ggtgacagag caagactctg tctcaaaaaa 1800 gaaaaaaaaa aaaaagaggt agagaagtcc atggctattt gtctgtcctt tttattttta 1860 ggctcatgga agcctcctgg tttcttagag ctgagtggtt ttatttcttg ctcaggaggt 1920 catttcacag attttcgggc tccaatatgt tgactgtcac agcagctggg gggatggcat 1980 agctaccggc tgtactaaga actcagagcc ctgccctgag cctgcctgag ggtccttatg 2040 gtaggaggat gcccctcatg ccagcccgtg ccctcatgct tgtgtcacct ccaggtccgc 2100 aaaattctgg acctggtaca gagcaagggc gaggaggtgt ccgagttctt cctctacttg 2160 ctccagcaac tcgcagatgc ctacgtggac ctcaggcctt ggctgctgga gatcggcttc 2220 tccccttccc tgctcactca gagcaaagtc gtggtcaaca ctgacccagg taggagtcag 2280 ccccagcaag accgcaggca ccagtgcaag cagggccctg gggggtttgg taatggctgg 2340 gccagccctg agtgccacct caggaagcag gcccaggtgc tattttgatt ttagaaagga 2400 acagctgaat cctgtctccc aagtgcagcc caggtggctg cgattgaact gcccacacct 2460 cgatggtctg gtttatagag gggcctttgg aagtatggga atggcctgtg ttctgacccc 2520 ttgctttctt cctattctga catatgtaga cattttaatg gttgcacaaa ttcaaggttg 2580 tatttttttt tcttttaaaa aaatctttag ctggacatgg tagcacacac ctgtagttcc 2640 agctactcag gaggctgagg caagaggact gcttgagccc cagagtctaa ggctgcagcg 2700 agctatgatt gtgcccctac actccagcct gggtgacaga gtgagaccct gtctctaaaa 2760 aaggaaagaa aaaaattaaa aagccttgcc aggtttgatt ctaggcaaag tattctgtca 2820 ccgttgagtg ccagtcctta tttccaaact aatggaagac cccatcagtt aactgattag 2880 ttcaataagt attttttgct gtatccacca catgccaaga ccctacactg tgctggatgt 2940 cagggagaca gtggtgagca gacacagaca gggttcctgc cctcagggag cttcaagtca 3000 gctggaagag accaccagtc agcaatctca aaaatgtgtc aggacagcgg cagtccaagg 3060 catgtgagaa catatcatta gggccaggat ctgctctggg gcaggagtct tctttccctg 3120 cttttgaact ctccactttg agacagctgt tggtaacata ccagcaccaa ggacctaagt 3180 cctgcctttt aaagaatcca atatgttgtt ggaaacagaa gcacaagaca ggtgtgtgct 3240 taggggaaac aaggccagcc ggcagagtgt cagtgctagg ctccagcttc cacagcccct 3300 gcaggtgcct gccagccact gctagcttct gactctgtct gctccttcct gtctcccctt 3360 gtttccttcc cccatgaaaa aaaaagaaag tattcccatg aggaatcatt ctttcgaaag 3420 acttctctgt tggttccgtt agccagctac tttactagct tttacagtgt aattcactct 3480 acaagcagtc tcacacaaaa gactacatat tgtatgattc tgtttatatg aaatgtccag 3540 aaaaggtaaa tctatagaca aagcaaatca gtagttgcct acggcccagg gattggctac 3600 aaataggctc cagaaaactc tgggaagatg gtagagatgt tctagacctg gactgtggtg 3660 aggtttgcac aactttgtaa acttactaaa aattactgac aaatatataa cactccctaa 3720 cactttggga ggccgaggtg ggcagatcgc ttgaacccag gaatttgaga ccagcctggg 3780 caacatggcg agaccccgtc tctacaaaaa aacacaaaaa ttagttgggc ttggtggcat 3840 atgcctgtgt cccagctact tgggaggctg aggtgggagg attgcttgag cctgggagtt 3900 tgagactgca tgattgggtc actgcaccct agcctgagtg acagagcagg accctatctc 3960 taacaacaaa aaagcagtgt tggtggagga gggccagcgt ggccatctgg cctggccctc 4020 gagtgcgagg ggcttcagtg tttagctgca gttcagtgat gacactgtgc ggaggaataa 4080 gggtggcctg tctcagacac tgatcccagc tgaagtttgt caccttcttt ctggcaaatc 4140 tgaggtcaag cagagagatc aaagcctggg gccctcaggg tcaggaatgc tggctctgtg 4200 acgctcccca ggtcctgcat ctgaggagtg gctgcgctgg cctcagggcc caggttgtga 4260 attttgttta tgcactcgcc tctcctcttt gagacctccc tgtttgatgc tgtttctgcc 4320 tctctcctca ccctgctgct gtgccctgcc accccctccc tccagtgagc aggtataccc 4380 agcagctgcg acaccatctg ggccgtgact ccaagttcgt gctgtgctat gcccagaagg 4440 aggagctgct gctggaggag atctacatgg acaccatcat ggagctggtt ggcttcagca 4500 atgagagcct gggcagcctg aacagcctgg cctgcctcct ggaccacacc accggcatcc 4560 tcaatgagca gggtgagacc atcttcatcc tgggtgatgc tggggtgggc aagtccatgc 4620 tgctacagcg gctgcagagc ctctgggcca cgggccggct agacgcaggg gtcaaattct 4680 tcttccactt tcgctgccgc atgttcagct gcttcaagga aagtgacagg ctgtgtctgc 4740 aggacctgct cttcaagcac tactgctacc cagagcggga ccccgaggag gtgtttgcct 4800 tcctgctgcg cttcccccac gtggccctct tcaccttcga tggcctggac gagctgcact 4860 cggacttgga cctgagccgc gtgcctgaca gctcctgccc ctgggagcct gcccaccccc 4920 tggtcttgct ggccaacctg ctcagtggga agctgctcaa gggggctagc aagctgctca 4980 cagcccgcac aggcatcgag gtcccgcgcc agttcctgcg gaagaaggtg cttctccggg 5040 gcttctcccc cagccacctg cgcgcctatg ccaggaggat gttccccgag cgggccctgc 5100 aggaccgcct gctgagccag ctggaggcca accccaacct ctgcagcctg tgctctgtgc 5160 ccctcttctg ctggatcatc ttccggtgct tccagcactt ccgtgctgcc tttgaaggct 5220 caccacagct gcccgactgc acgatgaccc tgacagatgt cttcctcctg gtcactgagg 5280 tccatctgaa caggatgcag cccagcagcc tggtgcagcg gaacacacgc agcccagtgg 5340 agaccctcca cgccggccgg gacactctgt gctcgctggg gcaggtggcc caccggggca 5400 tggagaagag cctctttgtc ttcacccagg aggaggtgca ggcctccggg ctgcaggaga 5460 gagacatgca gctgggcttc ctgcgggctt tgccggagct gggccccggg ggtgaccagc 5520 agtcctatga gtttttccac ctcaccctcc aggccttctt tacagccttc ttcctcgtgc 5580 tggacgacag ggtgggcact caggagctgc tcaggttctt ccaggagtgg atgccccctg 5640 cgggggcagc gaccacgtcc tgctatcctc ccttcctccc gttccagtgc ctgcagggca 5700 gtggtccggc gcgggaagac ctcttcaaga acaaggatca cttccagttc accaacctct 5760 tcctgtgcgg gctgttgtcc aaagccaaac agaaactcct tcggcatctg gtgcccgcgg 5820 cagccctgag gagaaagcgc aaggccctgt gggcacacct gttttccagc ctgcggggct 5880 acctgaagag cctgccccgc gttcaggtcg aaagcttcaa ccaggtgcag gccatgccca 5940 cgttcatctg gatgctgcgc tgcatctacg agacacagag ccagaaggtg gggcagctgg 6000 cggccagggg catctgcgcc aactacctca agctgaccta ctgcaacgcc tgctcggccg 6060 actgcagcgc cctctccttc gtcctgcatc acttccccaa gcggctggcc ctagacctag 6120 acaacaacaa tctcaacgac tacggcgtgc gggagctgca gccctgcttc agccgcctca 6180 ctgttctcag gtgaggctgc caggcaaggg gagcaacagg tgggccgggc gggccaggct 6240 cggagggcat cgggaatggc atcatggacc aggatccccc aggactcatg accatggccc 6300 ttggaatgtc cagacctttt ctttcttagc agggcagagg tcaaggtgca aagcttcgag 6360 gcaggtggac ctggatcagc cacagctggg tgcccttgaa caaagtgctt aactctcaga 6420 gcctccacgc cctcatctgg aaaaagaaga tgctcataat cctatcaatt atggccacag 6480 ggaccaatgt tagttgagaa tgggtgaagt gcattacaaa tattacctaa tggaatgctc 6540 tttacaaccc tgtaacttag gtactgttat tgtctctatt ttggcagata aggaagtaga 6600 ggcacagaga agttaatagc ttgctttagg tcacacagct cagacatagc agtgccagaa 6660 tgcataaaga accttccttt taagattaat gtaaggctcc gagatagccc tcaaaaagtt 6720 tctggaatat gggagctttt attactgcag agaaagcaga ccttgtgcca gttggcactg 6780 gtgactttct gtgatcaacg ctagcagccc ttcacactgc tagagacctc agttaaaatg 6840 ctgactcgtg gttgttttcc tgttccatag tttacgggaa acagagccca gtctgttttc 6900 ttctattagc atttcctatg taaaataaac cttgtaaatc tctacagggg gttaaatttg 6960 ccattacttg actcatgcat ttctaaaaag cagtagggat ttggaactga ctcccagtgc 7020 ctgtcacacc agtgtcagag tgtaaataat tgcatgggga catggggtgc agggggtcga 7080 aggctgccct agcctgggaa ttggaaaacc tggagtctgt tctctgtact ctcagccagt 7140 gactctccct ctgtagcccc aggcagtctc acactcagtg ccaccctctg tccatctttt 7200 ttttttctcc cccaaatgga gtcccgctct gttgcccagg ctggagtgca gtggcgtgat 7260 ctcagctcac tgcaacctcc gcctcctggg ttcaagcgat tctcttgccc cagcctcctg 7320 agtagctggg attacaggca cacgccacca tgtccggcta agttttttgt atttttagta 7380 ggacggggtt tccccatgtt ggccaggctg gtcttgaaat cctgacctca ggtgatccgc 7440 ccgcctcggc cttccaaaat gttggggtta caggcatgag ccgccgcacc cgacccctct 7500 gtccatcttt tcaatgggaa actccacacc agtgtggtgg ccctgccctt cctgctgtcc 7560 ccaggtgaag ctttccttca caccagtgca agaaaaaaca gcttgtagga aagcagagga 7620 tatgggtaac cacgggaagc acactcagtt ctctggctgc atcagttagg attagtttta 7680 gctgagagcg aaaaccccaa atgttggtga gttacaagct tatttctctc atgtaaaagt 7740 ctagaggtag gtagttcagg actggtatgg agtctccatg accctccgga gcccaggctc 7800 tcttctgcct tcctgttctg ccatcctcac tacccggctt tcccatcttg gcccaagagg 7860 gctgctcaaa ctccagccat ctagtcgaca ctctagctat cagtaagaag gaagggcaaa 7920 gattgagagc atgcctcaat cttttaagaa cacttcttgg ctattactaa ttatattgct 7980 gcttagattt cagaacttaa tggtatgggc agaatttaat gagatgggcc cagctaaaag 8040 atgggggaat ctattgctaa gaaagtatag atattgggaa tgtctagcag cctgtgctgt 8100 cttgggctgg ccatgccatg tacatacaca ctatttccca gcaccaagct ggggactctg 8160 agggaaaggg tccagagtgt ctgacttgat cattttgatg tggcctaaaa atcaagcttt 8220 taattgttca gccttttact tgttatcaag gtcagcttgt gggtctaatt gggcccaagg 8280 cttgtgtttc taagtaaagt tttattggaa cgcagccata cccatttatt tacttactgg 8340 ctgcttcaca ctacacagtt gagtagctgt gacagagacc acatggccca cagagcctaa 8400 aatatttgct gtctgacact ttacagaatg acatgagcag tctcctttga cagtgggact 8460 cacagccttt tccagtgaca aatcagggtt agcccatgtg tttctggatg gggggaagct 8520 gttggcattt tgggtataac agttcttgtg agacctgtcc agcattttgc aggacaccta 8580 acatcattgg ccctgcctgc aagatgacag ggcactccct cctccagtca caaccactaa 8640 aagcagcccc tgacatttcc aaacccatgc cctccaccat acgagaacca ggtacagggt 8700 ctggctgaca cataggtcac acgcaaaggg tggatgtcag aggtggctgg cctcacacgt 8760 cctccctgtg tccttcacgg tcgtgtgagg agccaggggc tgtgctgcag cctcgctcat 8820 gggctggtgc aggatgggtc tggcggcccc acgttggcca ggctttgtaa ggggctattt 8880 ggctgattgc tgtggccatt ctccaggggc gtctatacct gagaaaactc cagggcctga 8940 aggcttctgg atctttgtaa gattaatggt ccttcataat gagtgcctgc cctgactcgt 9000 aatttttttg ctgttttatt tcagactcag cgtaaaccag atcactgacg gtggggtaaa 9060 ggtgctaagc gaagagctga ccaaatacaa aattgtgacc tatttggggt atgtctttct 9120 ccagaacact gggccaacta cctagtaata atacagagct gcagggaatt cacattccca 9180 taggtccctg gatgatcggc acggatggcc cagggctggg aagagcgctg gcccaggagt 9240 tgagagtcct gggttctctt tgtggctcgg ccagtcatga agtcttgctg agcctcagcc 9300 tcctcacctg taaaactggg atcccagtat aggcaagtag gcttacaact ggttattggg 9360 ggatgcaacg agaatataag gggatatatt taataaatgc tagaatcctg tttacatatt 9420 agtctggact attttgggtc cataatccct catccagagc ctttggggca agacccgaat 9480 ggggattctg agtgcatgct atggcatgac gtggccgcag gggtctaagg cagtgcccca 9540 ttttcaaaca ctttcatatt tctcccgcag aatgtatgaa acagtcaaac caagtgtggt 9600 aagaaagact ataagtagct ccacatcagt tgccaaaaga attgtgagaa actttgggca 9660 ttcagagcct ttgaggtttt ggagtctgag agaagggatt gcgggccagc cccacacaac 9720 tggtggctct gcaagctgga gcagttgttc agtttcttgg ggcctcagtg gccttcgatg 9780 ttaatgagga catggacgca aacgaccccg ggccacactc ggctccaggg ctctgtgtgg 9840 ctgtggaacc ctggaagcct gagcttagct gcctttcaac ttccatctgc tgtactattg 9900 aattggcatt gagcggtgag atggctgaaa ggtagacatc gagaagtttt aatattcaga 9960 atcttttctt ctcaagacgc tgaatgtaat cttagttgta aatacccatc acctgccagt 10020 caccgagcac tcatgcacca gggctttgcg ttatgtccta agatcctcat aaccaccctg 10080 caaggggact atcatcatta cctctgtatt acagatggag aaactgaggc acagagaggt 10140 aacgtgactt gtctcaggcc ataaagctgg ggaaagtagt ggagctggtt ttgaacctga 10200 gctgtgagac ctcagagccc taaactctgg tgcctgtgtg ttcccctttc aacccagact 10260 ttggaaatca gtagacacca tatgcttcaa aaaacagggg ctattaaaat gacatcagga 10320 gccagaaagt ctcatggctg tgctttctct tgaagtttat acaacaacca gatcaccgat 10380 gtcggagcca ggtacgtcac caaaatcctg gatgaatgca aaggcctcac gcatcttaag 10440 taagtggggt aggcaccagg ttccttagta tattctcttg atcaccccct tctgttgttc 10500 aaagattaaa tgtcacagta aagagctttc atcctaaagc cttccacttg tcccagggcc 10560 atgttggtca agtaaagata cctctgtgtg atctgtgagg cttggattct ggaagggcct 10620 cccgttattg gtagggggaa aggttggcat tttgatttca ttaactacta ggccgaagaa 10680 aggactaact ctcacccttt ctggtggtct ttttgcccca agggagtttc ctgtcgggtt 10740 gcaaggaaga gcttgggccc ttgccctgct gtaggtgtgc cctgcgcagg gggtgacagt 10800 gcgccaggct tggagcctct ggtcctgccc tgacagtggc cacatacctt gacccttggc 10860 agtcaaagtg ggacctccca ggtctcccga gggaagtcag tgatgctgct gaggtcaatt 10920 agaggacccc agggagggct caggtccctg agcttctgca gagactgtgg accatctcct 10980 ggagaggaac cctgactgac tgtcctcagg gcttcagttc cctccctgac aggaggccca 11040 ggccatggct cttgtggatc ccagaagaaa gtgtacggtt cccaagatgg ggctggaagg 11100 ggctctgtgc tggggaggag ggtgacccac attggagccc ctgcatagct ggaggctgac 11160 tgtgtgtgac tctctctgca gactgggaaa aaacaaaata acaagtgaag gagggaagta 11220 tctcgccctg gctgtgaaga acagcaaatc aatctctgag gttgggtgag tagaagggga 11280 tggatgtatg tggtacaacc tgctgtgtgt gtggggggcg ggccttgctg ttcttttcat 11340 acatcagtac accagaagga ccactggggc tcgctgtcgg ggagagatag tggagagctt 11400 tcaccatgct gcgaaactga aaccgtgccc attaagcaat aactccccgg tccccctccc 11460 ccctgcctct tgcagccacc ctgctactta ctctctctat ggttttgact actctacctc 11520 atgtaagtgg aatcatacag tatttgcctt ttggggatgg ctgatttcac tagcatcatg 11580 tcctcaagat tcgtccacat ggaagcatgg gacaggattt cctttttttt tttttttttt 11640 tttttttttg acagagtctc gctctgttgc ccaggctgga gtgcagtggc atgatctcgg 11700 ctcactgcaa cctctgcctt ctgggttcaa gcgattctct cgcctcagcc acacgagtag 11760 ctgggattat aggcacccgc caccaatccc agctaatttt tgtattttta gtagaggcgg 11820 ggtttcacca tgttggccag gctggtctca aactcctgac ctcaaatgat ccacccacct 11880 cggtctccca aagtgtcagg attataggcg tgagccaccg tgccccgcca ggatttcctt 11940 cttttttaag gctgagtaat actccattgc atggctatgc cacattttgt ttactcattc 12000 atccaagaac agacactggc ttgcttctat gctttggctg ttgtgaataa tgctgctgtg 12060 cacatgggca tacaaatgtc tcttcaagga ctgccttcaa ttcttttttt tttttttttt 12120 tttttttaga ttcttttttt ttttattata ctctaagttt tagggtacat gtgcacattg 12180 tgcaggttag ttacatatgt atacatgtgc catgctggtg cgctgcaccc actaatgtgt 12240 catctagcat taggtatatc tcccaatgct atccctcccc cctcccccga ccccaccaca 12300 gtccccagag tgtgatattc cccttcctgt gtccatgtga tctcattgtt caattcccac 12360 ctatgagtga gaatatgcgg tgtttggttt tttgttcttg cgatagttta ctgagaatga 12420 tggtttccaa tttcatccat gtccctacaa aggatatgaa ctcatcattt tttatggctg 12480 catagtattc catggtgtat atgtgccaca ttttcttaat ccagtctatc attgttggac 12540 atttgggttg gttccaagtc tttgctattg tgaatagtgc cacaataaac atacgtgtgc 12600 atgtgtcttt atagcagcat gatttatact catttgggta tatacccagt aatgggatgg 12660 ctgggtcaaa tggtatttct agttctagat ccctgaggaa tcgccacact gacttccaca 12720 atggttgaac tagtttacag tcccaccaac agtgtaaaag tgttcctatt tctccgcatc 12780 ctctccagca cctgctgttt cctgactttt taatgattgc cattctaact ggtgtgagat 12840 gatatctcat agtggttttg atttgcattt ctctgatggc cagtgatgat gagcatttct 12900 tcatgtgttt tttggctgca taaatgtctt cttttgagaa gtgtctgttc atgtccttcg 12960 cccacttttt gatggggttg tttgtttttt tcttgtaaat ttgtttgagt tcattgtaga 13020 ttctggatat tagccctttg tcagatgagt aggttgcgaa aattttctcc catgttgtag 13080 gttgcctgtt cactctgatg gtagtttctt ttgctgtgca gaagctcttt agtttaatta 13140 gatcccattt gtcaattttg tcttttgttg ccattgcttt tggtgttttg gacatgaagt 13200 ccttgcccac gcctatgtcc tgaatggtaa tgcctaggtt ttcttctagg gtttttatgg 13260 ttttaggttt aacgtttaaa tctttaatcc atcttgaatt gatttttgta taaggtgtaa 13320 ggaagggatc cagtttcagc tttctacata tggctagcca gttttcccag caccatttat 13380 taaataggga atcctttccc cattgcttgt ttttctcagg tttgtcaaag atcagatagt 13440 tgtagatatg cggcattatt tctgagggct ctgttctgtt ccattgatct atatctctgt 13500 tttggtacca gtaccatgct gttttggtta ctgtagcctt gtagtatagt ttgaagtcag 13560 gtagtgtgat gcctccagct ttgttctttt ggcttaggat tgacttggcg atgcgggctc 13620 ttttttggtt ccatatgaac tttaaagtag ttttttccaa ttctgtgaag aaagtcattg 13680 gtagcttgat ggggatggca ttgaatctgt aaattacctt gggcagtatg gccattttca 13740 cgatattgat tcttcctacc catgagcatg gaatgttctt ccatttgttt gtgtcctctt 13800 ttatttcctt gagcagtggt ttgtagttct ccttgaagag gtccttcaca tcccttgtaa 13860 gttggattcc taggtatttt attctctttg aagcaattgt gaatgggagt tcacccatga 13920 tttggctctc tgtttgtctg ttgttggtgt ataagaatgc ttgtgatttt tgtacattga 13980 ttttgtatcc tgagactttg ctgaagttgc ttatcagctt aaggagattt tgggctgaga 14040 cgatggggtt ttctagataa acaatcatgt cgtctgcaaa cagggacaat ttgacttcct 14100 cttttcctaa ttgaataccc tttatttcct tctcctgcct gattgccctg gccagaactt 14160 ccaacactat gttgaatagg agcggtgaga gagggcatcc ctgtcttgtg ccagttttca 14220 aagggaatgc ttccagtttt tgcccattca gtatgatatt ggctgtgggt ttgtcataga 14280 tagctcttat tattttgaaa tacgtcccat caatacctaa tttattgaga gtttttagca 14340 tgaagggttg ttgaattttg tcaaaggctt tttctgcatc tattgagata atcatgtggt 14400 ttttgtcttt ggctctgttt atatgctgga ttacatttat tgatttgcgt atattgaacc 14460 agccttgcat cccagggatg aagcccactt gatcatggtg gataagcttt ttgatgtgct 14520 gctggattcg gtttgccagt attttattga ggatttttgc atcaatgttc atcaaggata 14580 ttggtctaaa attctctttt ttggttgtgt ctctgcccgg ctttggtatc agaatgatgc 14640 tggcctcata aaatgagtta gggaggattc cctctttttc tattgattgg aatagtttca 14700 gaaggaatgg taccagttcc tccttgtacc tctggtagaa ttcggctgtg aatccatctg 14760 gtcctggact ctttttggtt ggtaaactat tgattattgc cacaatttca gagcctgtta 14820 ttggtctatt cagagattca acttcttcct ggtttagtct tgggagagtg tatgtgtcga 14880 ggaatgtatc catttcttct agattttcta gtttatttgc gtagaggtgt ttgtagtatt 14940 ctctgatggt agtttgtatt tctgtgggat cggtggtgat atccccttta tcatttttta 15000 ttgtgtctat ttgattcttc tctctttttt tctttattag tcttgctagc ggtctatcaa 15060 ttttgttgat cctttcgaaa aaccagctcc tggattcatt gattttttga agggtttttt 15120 gtgtctctat ttccttcagt tctgctctga ttttagttat ttcttgcctt ctgctagctt 15180 ttgaatgtgt ttgctcttgc ttttctagtt cttttaattg tgatgttagg gtgtcaattt 15240 tggatctttc ctgctttctc ttgtaggcat ttagtgctat aaatttccct ctacacactg 15300 ctttgaatgc gtcccagaga ttctggtatg tggtgtcttt gttctcgttg gtttcaaaga 15360 acatctttat ttctgccttc atttcgttat gtacccagta gtcattcagg agcaggttgt 15420 tcagtttcca tgtagttgag cggctttgag tgagattctt aatcctgagt tctagtttga 15480 ttgcactgtg gtctgagaga tagtttgtta taatttctgt tcttttacat ttgctgagga 15540 gagctttact tccaactatg tggtcaattt tggaataggt gtggtgtggt gctgaaaaaa 15600 atgtatattc tgttgatttg gggtggagag ttctgtagat gtctattagg tctgcttggt 15660 gcagagctga gttcaattcc tgggtatcct tgttgacttt ctgtctcatt gatctgtcta 15720 atgttgacag tggggtgtta aagtctccca ttattaatgt gtgggagtct aagtctcttt 15780 gtaggtcact gaggacttgc tttatgaatc tgggtgctcc tgtattgggt gcataaatat 15840 ttaggatagt tagctcctct tgttgaattg atccctttac cattatgtaa tggccttctt 15900 tgtctctttt gatctttgtt ggtttaaagt ctgttttatc agagactagg attgcaaccc 15960 ctgccttttt ttgttttcca ttggcttggt agatcttcct ccatcctttt attttgagcc 16020 tatgtgtgtc tctgcacgtg agatgggttt cctgaataca gcacactgat gggtcttgac 16080 tctttatcca acttgccagt ctgtgtcttt taattgcaga atttagtcca tttatattta 16140 aagttaatat tgttatgtgt gaatttgatc ctgtcattat gatgttagct ggcgattttg 16200 ctcattagtt gatgcagttt cttcctagtc tcgatggtct ttacattttg gcatgatttt 16260 gcagcggctg gtaccggttg ttcctttcca tgtttaccgc ttccttcagg agctctttta 16320 gggcaggcct ggtggtgaca aaatctctca gcatttgctt gtctataaag tattttattt 16380 ctccttcact tatgaagctt agtttggctg gatatgaaat tctgggttga aaattctttt 16440 ctttaagaat gttgaatatt ggcccccact ctcttctggc ttgtagggtt tctgccgaga 16500 gatccgctgt tagtctgatg ggctttcctt tgagggtaac ccgaactttc tctctggctg 16560 cccttaacat tttttccttc atttcaactt tggtgaatct gacaattatg tgtcttggag 16620 ttgctcttct cgaggagtat ctttgtggcg ttctctgtat ttcctgaatc tgaacgttgg 16680 cctgccttgc tagattgggg aagttctcct ggataatatc ctgcagagtg ttttccaact 16740 tggttccatt ctccacatca ctttcaggta caccaatcag acgtagattt ggtcttttca 16800 catagtccca tatttcttgg aggctttgct catttctttt tattcttttt tctctaaact 16860 tcccttctcg cttcatttca ttcatttcat cttccattgc tgataccctt tcttccagtt 16920 gatcgcatcg gctcctgagg cttctgcatt cttcacgtag ttctcgagcc ttggttttca 16980 gctccatcag ctcctttaag cacttctctg tattggttat tctagttata cattcttcta 17040 aatttttttc aaagttttca acttctttgc ctttggtttg aatgtcctcc cgtagctcag 17100 agtaatttga tcgtctgaag ccttcttctc tcagctcgtc aaaatcattc tccatccagc 17160 tttgttctgt tgctggtgag gaactgcgtt cctttggagg aggagaggcg ctctgcgttt 17220 tagagtttcc agtttttctg ttctgttttt tccccatctt tgtggtttta tctacttttg 17280 gtctttgatg atggtgatgt acagatgggt tttcagtgta gatgtccttt ctggttgtta 17340 gttttccttc taacagacag gaccctcagc tgcaggtctg ttggaatacc ctgccgtgtg 17400 aggtgtcagt gtgcctctgc tggggggtgc ctcccagtta ggctgctcgg gggtcagggg 17460 tcagggaccc acttgaggag gcagtctgcc cgttctcaga tctccagctg cgtgctggga 17520 gaaccactgc tctcttcaaa gctgtcagac agggacactt aagtctgcag aggttactgc 17580 tgtctttttg tttgtctgtg ccctgccccc agaggtggag cctacagagg caggcaggcc 17640 tccttgagct gtggtgggct ccacccagtt cgagcttccc ggctgctttg tttacctaag 17700 caagcctggg ctatggcggg cgcccctccc ccagcctcgt tgccgccttg cagtttgatc 17760 tcagactgct gtgctagcaa tcagcgagat tccgtgggcg taggaccctc tgagccaggt 17820 gtgggatata gtctcgtggt gcgccgtttc ttaagccggt ctgaaaagcg caatattcgg 17880 gtgggagtga cccgattttc caggtgcgtc cgtcacccct ttctttgact cggaaaggga 17940 actccctgat cccttgcgct tcccaggtga ggcaatgcct cgccctgctt cggctcgcgc 18000 acggtgcgcg cacacactgg cctgcgccca ctgtctggcg ctccctagtg agatgaaccc 18060 ggtacctcag atggaaatgc agaaatcacc cgtcttctgc gtcgctcacg ctgggagctg 18120 tagaccggag ctgttcctat tcggccatct tggctcctcc ctccaattct tttgggtata 18180 tatccagcag tgggattgct ggatcacatg gtaattttta attttttgaa gaatcatcat 18240 actgttttcc acggcagcag caccatttta tgttcccacc aacagttcat tctagtttct 18300 ccacatcctt gccaacactt gctattttct ctttttgaca gtacccatcc taatgagtgt 18360 gaggtcctgt ctcattgtgg ttttgattct tgaggctttt taaagctttt tgtttcatta 18420 taatttttat tggattacaa aaggaacaca ggtaatttta tttggaaact atgaaaaata 18480 ataaaaatta tcttctcaga aaatgattct tgttaacatt taagctcagt taagctctct 18540 cactttctct cccttctctc tctttgtaca acttttaaaa aatatagtag gggtgagact 18600 atatgtatct atactatagt aggggtgaga ctatatgtat ccttcctttt tcacttaatc 18660 tcatgccttg agtagctttc cactttatta aaaatgtgat gccattcaat tgtatagtaa 18720 atacatatat gtaagcaaaa cactgaaaac tcttattctg ggttccagca agccatacct 18780 ggaatggtgt aagcaggtag tttgcttggt gtgaacgtgt tgttgaggca gctgccattg 18840 tgttgtgagt gggccacacg aacttgttct gttgtgtgta gacagtgtgt gctgatccta 18900 ttaggaacag ccaacgcttt gtgtgagcca cacacggttc taagtgcttt gcttctgtta 18960 actcagtgaa tcctcacaac tccatgacgg aatgctctaa ttatccccat tttatagatg 19020 gggcaactga ggtccaagag actacataat ttcccgaagt tcacacaggt agcagatggc 19080 agagccgggt caggagtcca ccatcttacc acgcagactg ttttagccag agactctccg 19140 gatctgctgt aggggacaga atacagcttt atcgccgcac ctgtccacca agatggccgt 19200 agccacagag cttggttggg taacgtcctc tttatgtgac aggaacgttg ctgatggggt 19260 ttctgaaggt acttcctgct ctttgtctcc tggaagactg tgtcttcagg aatgtctctg 19320 accctgccca gagttgaacg gatgctggga acccagcacc tgcacacggc cttccctcca 19380 ggactctgcg cacctctgtg ctccacagga gacatgcagg tgctttctct catgagctca 19440 ggctcctggg ctgacagctc tccgaagctc gtggtgaggc tcggtctcta actgtgccac 19500 ttgccgatgg cctctgttca caaggcttcc cctgctcttc gatcttgcat caccccttga 19560 atttgaaatc cagagcagcc cactcagaga ccagtgtgag gaattagtgt ccaggccaca 19620 gatccaggga ctgggcacaa acatctgcct gttgagtagg aactgagctg tggccattgg 19680 caaaaaagga ggggtgagca tggctgtttc ttggggagct aacattcact atcttgtctc 19740 ctccctcagg atgtggggca atcaagttgg ggatgaagga gcaaaagcct tcgcagaggc 19800 tctgcggaac caccccagct tgaccaccct gaggtaactg tggccctgct gtctccaggg 19860 gccaacctgg tccctcccag ctgctctagg tttgctgggg aagggtgatt cgtgctccta 19920 atagaagagg aatttgcatg tgtgattttc cttactcttg tcaaaccttt ctttgatgca 19980 taagaggcca tctagtaaag cacattcttc tcttttttta actttaagtt ctgggataca 20040 tgtagaagat gtgcaggttt gttacatagg caaatgcatg ccatggtgat ttgctgcacc 20100 tatcaacctg tcatctaggt tttaagccct gcatgcatta ggtatttgtc ctaatgcttg 20160 ccctcccctt gccccccacc cccaacaggc cctggtgtgt gttgttcccc tccatgtgtc 20220 catgtgttct cattgttcaa ctcccactta cgagtgagaa catgcagtgt ttggtttttt 20280 gttcctgtgt tagtttgctg agaatgatgg tttccagctt catccatgtg ccagcaaagg 20340 acatgatctc attttttttt atggttgcat agtattccat agtgtgtatg tgccacattt 20400 tctttatcca gtctatcact gatgggcatt tgggttggtt ccaagtcttt gctattgtaa 20460 atagtgctac aataaacata catgtgcttg tgtctttata gcagaatgat ttataatcct 20520 ttgggtaaat acccagtaat gggattgctg ggtcaaatgg tatttctggt tctagatccc 20580 tgaggaatca ccttaagtgt ttattcagct cagtgaattc tgcatgtgtc ccacaccagc 20640 caaccaccac ccccatcaag acagaggaca tttccagccc ctcagccatc cctgcatgtc 20700 ccttgctggt agagggaggg tttcctaagt gcagatgaaa cttaataaga tgctggccag 20760 cagattcctg ccccttcctt gtcctcagga tgatgctgga aaagagggac tcttcctctc 20820 tataaatggg gatgcaccta cccagccccc gcttaggctg ctggccaaat cttgggacct 20880 tggtatgtcc acggctctgc tgctgttctt cctaccactg aaaaagagtc caagaaggtg 20940 gggacagtag cagaagagac tttgccaggt cttgcagatg gggtaccttg atggggccag 21000 cctttagaag gacagcttgc caggcctcgc cagcctcctg cccatgtgca gaaacctgag 21060 gtgccgaccc cagcccactg ttgtgtgagc aggctgtgct gatgacccat ttcccgtcca 21120 gcctgccctt gtgctctgtg tgtgggctct ggggcagcag cgcctgggca ctactgctgc 21180 agctgaacac ttctgcatcc tgccccgagt gagcctgggc tggggccaca gccaggcaga 21240 ggcttcccag ctgttctgat gttgaagcta agattgaatg tagatgtgtc tttaataatt 21300 caccccaagt gtgttccttc ctagtcttgc gtccaacggc atctccacag aaggaggaaa 21360 gagccttgcg agggccctgc agcagaacac gtctctagaa atactgtggt aatagctcga 21420 gtcatttcat ttgtttgttt gtttttctgt gatagggtct tgctttgtcg tccaggcttg 21480 agtgcattgg tgtgatctca gctcactgca gcctccacct cccaggctca ttcgaacctc 21540 ccgccttggc cttccgagtc ctgagactat aggcatgcac caccacaccc agttaatttt 21600 aaaatttttt gtagagatgg ggttttgcta tgttacccag gctggtcttg aactcctggg 21660 ctcaagcagt tctcctgccc tggcttctca aagccctggg attgcaggtg tgagccactg 21720 cacctggcac agagtcattt tggagggttt aggtcccagg aattatccca ggggctgcac 21780 atggcctgga atcttaacag aaaaggtgtc tcccaattgg aaaggctcta ggcctttcag 21840 ttaagttgat aatttcctcc tagagaagag aatagccact tctacaagca taaacaggta 21900 caggaggagg aagtgggctc cgggagcctg gatctgaggc cttggccttc taggccccag 21960 gagaactaga acgctggcca tgcaagctat ccaggtatcc ttggatacct tcagatgtgc 22020 ttagcagagg ccaacttcca cacacttggc tcaaaatttt ctcccttcct cctcttcatc 22080 tgccttcccc caggcagcct cctccttccc caggtcttca catcagggtt tggcctttat 22140 gctccatcca gctcatctgt cacttgtcac ctgaagccca cagtcctcgc tccctctctg 22200 cactctaggg cacttactaa gtggatgtgg cctcctgaga gtgttttttg ttggtgttcc 22260 cttttttatg gccacttaat gttttatttt gctttatttg tatttacatc tctgtatcat 22320 aaattccata caggtggctg ggagcagtga ctcacatctg taatcccagt actttggaag 22380 gctgaggtgg gaggatcgct tgaggccaag agttcgagac tagcctgggc aatatagcga 22440 gaccctctat ctacaaaaaa aaaaaacatt ccttacaggt taagtgaggg agttgtatta 22500 caaccctccc tatcatctac tcagagccca gtgctcattt gatcttgcta aattagttac 22560 tgagaataat gacaatatcc tcttcatgag agagttttga cattaggcct gctgtccagt 22620 aagtgcattt taaattcttt cccctcaaca aatcatttaa cattttgaaa agtagtttat 22680 gttttttgga aaaaatgtaa gacactaaag gaggacatga aagtacctcc taaagttcct 22740 gctaaaagga ggaagtgaaa gtacctccct ttgtgttttc caaaataacc tttcctttct 22800 agccttttgt tctatgtatg ttcaaagata tgcaaaacag aatagcattc aagcagtggc 22860 tctaaaaata ttgtaatcac atactttaca tgtctccttt agggtttctc catcttgatg 22920 ctgttgacat tttggtccaa gtgattcttt attatggtag ggctgtcctg tgcatcatag 22980 acggtttagc cgcatctctg ccctgtacct cccagtggtg aggatcaaaa atgcctccgg 23040 acatggccag gtgccccatg gagagtgaaa tcacatggat agtagtaatg tcaacaccta 23100 gaagccctca agtgctgact gcatgccatg tgttattcta cactttttcc ctgtgttaac 23160 tcactcagcc tcacaaccac tctatacgat ctctactgtt aacgttcacc agtgagaaaa 23220 ctcagaccca aagaacttaa gcctgttgcc cgaggtcacc ctgctggtgg gtgatacaaa 23280 cctgcccagg ctgagtccgg agtagatgtc aatgctgtgt tcttctccct cctcattcta 23340 cctcattctc cctacaagct gcacaacatc tcgaatagat atcacaatat atttcatcag 23400 ttgtttctga tctaaatttg ttcagatttt acattaggat aataccacaa tgcatgctgc 23460 aatgtataaa gctttgtgtg tatatccttg cacactgtag ggtaaatttc tagaagtctg 23520 attgtcttaa aatgaagcac attaaaaatt tgggcaggca catccaaact gcccttcaag 23580 gaattttttt ttttaaatgt tctttctgtt ctattcttct tcctaatgat tctttcgtcc 23640 actggcacaa gtgggtccta ccctgtttac accaaggagc tttggtgctt tatccagacc 23700 acttctggtt ctaaggacca ttgagagact tcctgaactt tcagtcactt aacttgggtc 23760 cctcacaagt taactgagag caaagtactg aacacatttt aatgtgcagt cagtgactgt 23820 ttcaggtctt caaactaact tggataacac actgtcagtg gtgttcaagg gaccctggga 23880 ctagaggaga actgagaagc aggcattggc cctttgtttt ccgtgggccc ccatcttcca 23940 tgaaatctga gggctcagca aaggtgggga gggagggtgg gctcctctac aggtagctgg 24000 gctaagaaat aggagcccag gtacaggatt tgcattaaaa atgagtccca ttgaccttct 24060 gtggggctga caggctgggc ttggagcctg gctgttttct gggttctcag caagtgatca 24120 tctgcatagc tggagagcct tgggctgagc tcccgctcct gtgaactcta aaacaatgtc 24180 tgccaagtag gctctcttga gtaaatactt cctttttttt ccttaggctg acccaaaatg 24240 aactcaacga tgaagtggca gagagtttgg cagaaatgtt gaaagtcaac cagacgttaa 24300 agcatttatg gtaactcaga gagccttaca atttcagact gtgctacttt tcaaaagtat 24360 tttttgagat aaaatttaca tactgtaaaa ttcactctct taaagtatac aattcagagg 24420 tttttagtgc aaccatcacc acctaattct agaacatttt cactcctcct ccccactcca 24480 aaaagccctg gtatccatta agcagtcact ccctgtcctc ctccccagac cctggcaacc 24540 actaatccgc tttctgtctc tatggatttg cctactctgg gcatttcata taaatggaat 24600 caagcaatat gtgacctttt gtctctgtgt tctagcatgt ttcattcctt tttatggcta 24660 aatgataatt cactctaagg aaattttgca gtttattaat cagttgatgg gacatttggg 24720 ttgtttctac tttttgacta ttatgcgtaa tgctactgtg aacactcctg ttcatgcttt 24780 tgggtgaaca tatgttttca tctcttttgg gaatatacct gggaatagaa tttctgggtc 24840 atatggcaat tctgtaactt tttgaggagc caccaaactg ttttctaaag tggatgtact 24900 attttacatt ctcgccagca atgtatgtgg attccaattt ctccacatcc tcaccaacac 24960 ttattattgt ccatctttta aaatctagtt atactagtgg atgtgaagta atattgtggt 25020 tttgatttgc atttccctga tgacaacaat gttgaatgtc tttttatgtg cctactggga 25080 gtctgtatag cttctttgga gaaatgtctc catatccttt gcccatttta aaattgggtt 25140 tgtcttctaa tgctgagtta taggggttct ctatatattc tgggtgctag acctttacta 25200 gatacaggtt ttgcaagtat tttctttctt tctgtggagt ttttcctctt tcttgatagt 25260 gacctttaaa ggacaacagt ttttaatttt tgtttttttt gagatggagt cttgctcttg 25320 tcacccagac aggagtgcag tggcatgatc tcagctctct gcaacctcca cctcctgggt 25380 tcaagcgatt cttctgcctc agcctcctga gtagttggga ttacaggcat cagccaccat 25440 gcctgtctca ttttgtattt ttaatagaga tggggtttca ccatttaggc ccaggctggt 25500 cttgaactcc tgacctcagg tgatccacct gcctcagcct cccaaagtgc tgggattaca 25560 ggcgaaaagc cactgcacct ggccaatagt ttttaatttt gatgaagtcc aatttatcta 25620 tttttttctt tggttgcttg tgctttcagt gtcttatcta agaaatgatt gcctaatcca 25680 agatcacaaa gaactccacc taagttttct gttaagcgtt atagttgttt cccctcacat 25740 ataggtctgc aatccatttt gagttaattt ttgtatagtg taaagtgagg gttaacctca 25800 ttctcttgca cgtggatatc cagctgtccc ggcagcacca cgtgttgaac agattatctt 25860 ttcctattga atggccttga cacccttgtc aaaaatcaat tgaccataaa tgtatgggtt 25920 tatttctgaa ttctctgttc tggtccattg atttatatgt ctctcctatg ccaggaccat 25980 tgctgtagct ttgtgtagta cattttgaaa tcaggaggtg tgagttctac tttgttcttc 26040 tttctcaaga ttgtttagac cattctgggt tctttgcatt tcttatgaat tcagactcac 26100 cttgtcaatt tctgcaaaaa gactagactc tgctacatat tgttttttct ttccttttta 26160 gcctgcagaa ttatttgatc ccattcccta agtgcaggcc agcctctcca gggagagcag 26220 agctaggaca gggtcagaaa gagagtcttg gctgctttgt gcattcccaa cctgcactgg 26280 ccctagtgaa ggcagcccga gtgggtggat gtgcctggac actgcaggct ttttaggggc 26340 attaggtgct ctccttcctg gcctcctgcc acatcttggt tggaggctgc cttccctgcc 26400 ttcaaaaaag cctaagtggt gactagaaaa cagcagagtg taactgaata cagaacttgg 26460 tgcccacttc ctggttctat ttttgtccct tttgaaaggg aaggtcatta cctctgccat 26520 tgaacccagg ggccctagcc cttgtggggt atggctggga gcaccagatc ctggctgcag 26580 cccagccacc agtggtcctg tgtgcttggg cagtaacagt gacaagagct cccttccccc 26640 tggacactgt gcctaatacc ctcctcttga aatctcacac acccagtgga tggggggcac 26700 tcttatagtt attctcagtt tacagatgac acaactgagg cacagacaga tgcgtttatt 26760 tcttcaaggt tctgtagctg aacagtgggg agggagggtt taagaggagc tgcacccgct 26820 ctgcaatact gcctctcacg agggagtcct cttcattcat gacagcatag ggccctcgtc 26880 ttcctggtaa gggcttcctt cttgggtcag tgccaggatt tctaagggtc atgtttagca 26940 ggagcctatt ctacaaacag ccaggagcag ggaatgactc tgtgatgaag cggagacact 27000 acagcctctt gatgcattta tttcctggtt gggttagaag cgtagctgcc caagggagca 27060 tttcaggaga ggcctggctt cctagcgata gctgaaaact ttgtttcatt tgaatcactg 27120 ctacccagaa caatggggtg cattctcaga gtccccatta ttaaagcttt tccactgagc 27180 cccatgagaa ctattcatga gaactatttc atggcagcat aactgtttct cctccctccc 27240 tcttgcatgt tggtagcctc ttaactttaa aacctgcctt gcctttccct agctacctgg 27300 aaggagacgt cagacttcct gtcccatggt gtgtttctta caatttgttg ttcagattgg 27360 tggtctccca aatatatata aaaatataaa tggagtctca ctctgtcacc caggctggag 27420 tgcagtggca cgatcttggc tcactgcaac ctccacctcc cagttcaagc aattctccta 27480 cctcagtctc ccgagtagct gggagtacag gtgcacacca ccatgcccag ctaatttttt 27540 tgtattttta atagagacag gttggccagg atggtatcga tctcctgagc tcgtgatcca 27600 cccacctcgg cctcccaaag tgctgggatt acaggtgtga gccactgcac ccggccccaa 27660 atattttgat tatgcacctc tgcagtgaaa aatgcaaaca cacacatcag ttcatgtatt 27720 acattatgtt cactataaaa acaaacagaa aatttaaaaa atatcaagct atcctttact 27780 ctagtggatc ttacctggac acttttagcc agatacaaag tcacatggac tcagttcttc 27840 ccctgaccaa cttgtctctt atcccaaaac acccttgcaa ctcccttacg aaggggtcaa 27900 atttgatcca gtattatgga ttttatacaa gttatgttct tctttcaggc ttatccagaa 27960 tcagatcaca gctaagggga ctgcccagct ggcagatgcg ttacagagca acactggcat 28020 aacagagatt tggtaagatc ccagcgtttg tcacagtaat aacaccagtg actgtttact 28080 caccaccact gactgtgcaa ggcacaacgc agggtggttt ctgtttattc ctccagcaac 28140 cctgcacagt aatggtatta cctctgtttt acagaggtag acagaggccc agaccagtga 28200 aataaggttg cccaaggtca ctacgagaga agctagaatt cagcccagaa tgcctgattc 28260 catattctgt gctctcctgc cctgggcccc cgccctcatc taccttcatt gggtgggatg 28320 ggggaagtgg ccagtgaaat gatttcctag tggaagtaaa tccccctggg actcagcaat 28380 tgagagatga ctgtgttggc caggagtttg gagctcattc ttcccctttt ctgggttccg 28440 taagacattt ccaggctgac ttgaactgac ctgtgctctt tgtctacttc ttttttctgc 28500 tttgagaact tccttatgct aatagaagaa aaaaagtttg ctttactgtg acattgagcg 28560 ccatgccact tctttcttgc ctcccataag gcacagacac tccccactca gcagctccct 28620 taacaactta attgcctggg tgacgtggga ctgggtggat gctgggagag gggccttatt 28680 aactatgtcc tcctttcatg actggggaga atttcatagc caattaaaaa aaaacaaaaa 28740 acagctcctt ggccaacaca ggctcctcat acagtgtttt ttaaactttg ctttagaact 28800 tgtttggaac ttgtcataaa atcgatcagt ttggtgaatt gcaaccaaca atatttaaaa 28860 agaaaacaga acagaacaaa atatcaggat gcaatgtgca tggtatgaaa gtatcatttc 28920 attcatctta gttcatgctt gcatgtgagt gggtgtgtgt ttgcataagt gttggttcac 28980 aacataaaat gtaattctta tttagggttg tagacaaaag gttttttttt aaaaaaaaca 29040 ctgttggcta ggcatggtgg ctcatgcctg taataccagc actttgggag gccaagatgg 29100 gcagatctct tgagcacagg agtttgagac cagcctgggc aacatgcgaa accccgtcac 29160 tacaaaaatt agcccgacat ggtgctatgt gcctgtagtc ccagctactc aggaagctga 29220 tgtgggagga tggatgcatg ggagatcaag gctgcagtga gccaggatca tgccactgca 29280 atccagcctg ggtgccagag accctgtctc aaaaaacaaa aaagaaaaaa agaaaaacac 29340 catcatagag aatagagccc agatctaaac agacacctgt ggcctgtgtg cctgcgaagc 29400 ccagcctgcc cagcagcctg ggaagcactg gagggcactg gaactgtttg catgggtgtt 29460 tgccctcagg ccactccgtt tctgctgatt cttaagtttt gaggacagca ggcagagggg 29520 gagaggaagg agactgccag actacagaac agtttgcaga gcacagttgg cttccacttt 29580 tctctgtagc tggtcaggcg ggtagtaaag acctacagtt gctttaattc tgtcaagttt 29640 caaaatctgc attgcttccc tcttgagggt caccattcct acacaaggaa ccattttagt 29700 agggccagga gacttcagct tcaaggcctg cacttgtgtc agggtggaga ggggaactgg 29760 ccaccaattc agagagggca ggacaggcgg catgggtgct ggtcttggga gtgtcttcac 29820 ttaggtccct ggcttgttct gggagcctcc agagcatgct cctctgtgtg tgacttcatg 29880 ggactgggct ctgagaaggc tgtggctttg ttggccctgc cagggactgc cacaccaggc 29940 cacagggttg tggttgagct ggccggggag ccacgttcag ggagcagctc tgcttggagc 30000 caacacttac agagtaagcc ttctccttgg acttgttaac tgtactgaca cttatttcta 30060 cctcattcct ttctgaaaat aacttggaag tctgaagtcc cttgatgagt tctgtcttta 30120 agaacagaaa ttagaggtga acaatgaaca ctgtaaatta cagaaatgta tcccactcca 30180 gtataacagc tttctgtgag gctatctcct ccagactgtg gctctgggag ggtggggcct 30240 gagtcaaggt cctagggact agtgctgtgt cttcatttat tccttgaata acgaaacgct 30300 tgagcatcag ggactgtgct agcaccaaaa atccagtggt gaacaacatg gcttcatggg 30360 ttcactgtct agaaagggag aagcacatta aagaaaaaat catttgcgta attatttaat 30420 tacaactgtg atgggtacta tcacaaaggg gaaggccaag agggaacctg atttagatga 30480 ggttgcaggg aaggcctctc tgaggaagca gcacttacac taagccatga aggatgaata 30540 ggagctagtc agctgaggtg agtattctgc gtagggaaca gcatgtgcaa agggtctggg 30600 gcaggaggga gtgtggtgtc ctggaagaac tgccagaagc tgctgtgccc cagggttcag 30660 acagtgtgga agaggggact acaggaggct gaggagatag gcagggactg gaccataaaa 30720 gatctgtggg tcatgatgtg cattttggtc tttatcctaa aagtgatgga aagtcagtga 30780 acagtttgaa gcaggagagg catgtgatca gatctgcaat gcaaaaagac caattcttgg 30840 ctcttctagg aaactgaatt ggagaaggcc agagtacgtg gaaatgacct gtcagtagga 30900 cattgtactg atgcagggaa gagatgatgg gtgctcagac caagatggcc ggccaaagac 30960 atagaggttc cagggaggca ttctagattc ttaggaatta ggggagaact ttgtgataca 31020 aggaacatgg ggatgagaag gaaggtgtcc aggttgaccc ccaggttact aacctgctca 31080 gcaggatgag agtggtccat tcactaagcc aggggaccct aggaggtgtg gctactttga 31140 ggtgtggggg agaggtccaa gtgaggatgc caagcaggta actgcctcca cggacataca 31200 aacaaggccg tggcattgat gagatcgggt ggggaaaagg gcttagcccc aaacctggag 31260 gaaatctcag atgtagaggt cacatggagg agaatatagg aaaggaaatt gaagtagagt 31320 gctcagatgc aggagaaaaa tcagcgcata taaccaagcc aaggggaggg agtgcctcaa 31380 gaaggaggga gaggagaggt caggacagcc aaaatcctga gggccaagaa agacaagacc 31440 tggaaaatgt cattaaattc aggcttatgg aggctacagg tgaccttagt gagacccagt 31500 gaacagaggg atggcagctg gagaggatcc atgctaatat gaaggaacta tctgcaaagg 31560 gtatgttcct taatttcagg gatacatgtg tattgtgtga tacacgagtg tgtgctatga 31620 acacaccttg ggaaggagtg tgcgaggatc cttaacattt tacctgtgta cttttgtctt 31680 cctccttttc aacagcctaa atggaaacct gataaaacca gaggaggcca aagtctatga 31740 agatgagaag cggattatct gtttctgaga ggatgctttc ctgttcatgg ggtttttgcc 31800 ctggagcctc agcagcaaat gccactctgg gcagtctttt gtgtcagtgt cttaaagggg 31860 cctgcgcagg cgggactatc aggagtccac tgcctccatg atgcaagcca gcttcctgtg 31920 cagaaggtct ggtcggcaaa ctccctaagt acccgctaca attctgcaga aaaagaatgt 31980 gtcttgcgag ctgttgtagt tacagtaaat acactgtgaa gagactttat tgcctattat 32040 aa 32042 64 88 PRT Homo sapiens 64 Ser Thr Pro Ser Glu Ile Ile Glu Arg Glu Arg Lys Lys Leu Leu Glu 1 5 10 15 Ile Leu Gln His Asp Pro Asp Ser Ile Leu Asp Thr Leu Thr Ser Arg 20 25 30 Arg Leu Ile Ser Glu Glu Glu Tyr Glu Thr Leu Glu Asn Val Thr Asp 35 40 45 Leu Leu Lys Lys Ser Arg Lys Leu Leu Ile Leu Val Gln Lys Lys Gly 50 55 60 Glu Ala Thr Cys Gln His Phe Leu Lys Cys Leu Phe Ser Thr Phe Pro 65 70 75 80 Gln Leu Ala Ala Ile Cys Gly Leu 85 65 208 PRT Rattus rattus 65 Pro Val Phe His Gln Thr Pro Val Tyr Met Pro Tyr Pro Ala His Pro 1 5 10 15 Trp Ala Leu Ala Ile Lys Ala Gly Gly Asn Phe Tyr His Val Pro Leu 20 25 30 Asn Ala Pro Trp Leu Trp Ala Pro Thr Leu Asp His Ser Arg Gly Leu 35 40 45 Ser Gly Ser Phe His Ser His Ala Lys Pro Thr His Ser Lys Ala Phe 50 55 60 Gln Ala Asn Cys His His Pro His Pro Ser His Ala Lys Pro Thr His 65 70 75 80 Val Asn Pro Ser His Ala Asn Pro Thr His Val Gln Pro Cys Met Leu 85 90 95 Asn Pro Leu Thr Leu Arg Pro Ser Lys Leu Asn Pro Leu Pro Leu Arg 100 105 110 Pro Leu Gly Ala Lys Leu Thr Ala Ile Met Pro Ile Pro Pro Leu Leu 115 120 125 Asn Pro Leu Ile Arg Ile Pro Leu Met Leu Thr Pro Leu Met Cys Ser 130 135 140 Leu Pro Met Leu Asn Pro Leu Ile Tyr Ser Leu Pro Lys Gln Asn Pro 145 150 155 160 Pro His Pro Asn Leu Leu Gln Phe Thr Ala His Lys Pro Gln Gln Ser 165 170 175 Gln Ser Lys Pro Ser Gln Gln Arg Pro Ser Gln Pro Lys Ser Phe Gln 180 185 190 Thr Lys Pro Ser Gln Ala Arg Ala Cys His Pro Arg Ala Gly Arg Arg 195 200 205 66 70 PRT Mus musculus 66 Gly His Phe Val Asp Gln His Arg Gln Ala Leu Ile Ala Arg Val Thr 1 5 10 15 Glu Val Asp Gly Val Leu Asp Ala Leu His Gly Ser Val Leu Thr Glu 20 25 30 Gly Gln Tyr Gln Ala Val Arg Ala Glu Thr Thr Ser Gln Asp Lys Met 35 40 45 Arg Lys Leu Phe Ser Phe Val Pro Ser Trp Asn Leu Thr Cys Lys Asp 50 55 60 Ser Leu Leu Gln Ala Leu 65 70 67 94 PRT Artificial Sequence Consensus sequence 67 Met Ala Glu Asp Glu Arg Arg Leu Leu Lys Lys Asn Arg Val Arg Leu 1 5 10 15 Ile Glu Ser Leu Gly Leu Asp Val Leu Asp Glu Leu Leu Asp Val Leu 20 25 30 Leu Glu Lys Asp Val Leu Asn Leu Lys Glu Glu Glu Lys Ile Lys Arg 35 40 45 Ala Gly Ala Lys Leu Glu Asp Asp Lys Ala Arg Glu Leu Val Asp Ser 50 55 60 Leu Gln Arg Arg Gly Ser Gln Ala Phe Asp Ala Phe Ile Asp Ala Leu 65 70 75 80 Glu Asp Thr Gly Gly Ser Tyr Leu Ala Asp Val Leu Glu Leu 85 90 68 25 DNA Homo sapiens 68 taggacctcg gtacccgcgc gcgcg 25 69 25 DNA Homo sapiens 69 cgccggcccc taggacctcg gtacc 25 70 94 PRT Homo sapiens 70 Met Glu Ala Arg Asp Lys Gln Val Leu Arg Ser Leu Arg Leu Glu Leu 1 5 10 15 Gly Ala Glu Val Leu Val Glu Gly Leu Val Leu Gln Tyr Leu Tyr Gln 20 25 30 Glu Gly Ile Leu Thr Glu Asn His Ile Gln Glu Ile Asn Ala Gln Thr 35 40 45 Thr Gly Leu Arg Lys Thr Met Leu Leu Leu Asp Ile Leu Pro Ser Arg 50 55 60 Gly Pro Lys Ala Phe Asp Thr Phe Leu Asp Ser Leu Gln Glu Phe Pro 65 70 75 80 Trp Val Arg Glu Lys Leu Lys Lys Ala Arg Glu Glu Ala Met 85 90 71 109 PRT Artificial Sequence Consensus sequence 71 Xaa Ala Xaa Glu Ser Xaa Gly Ser Glu Ile Ile Asp Gln His Arg Xaa 1 5 10 15 Ala Leu Leu Ala Arg Val Thr Glu Asp Pro Xaa Asp Ser Leu Leu Asp 20 25 30 Ala Leu Leu Ser Arg Asp Leu Ile Ser Glu Glu Asp Tyr Glu Ala Val 35 40 45 Glu Ala Glu Thr Thr Xaa Leu Ser Lys Val Arg Lys Leu Leu Ile Leu 50 55 60 Val Gln Ser Lys Gly Glu Glu Thr Cys Lys Xaa Phe Leu Lys Cys Leu 65 70 75 80 Leu Gln Ala Leu Lys Asp Ser Ala Ala Tyr Leu Gly Leu Asp Pro Glu 85 90 95 Val Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Leu Glu Xaa Ser 100 105 

What is claimed is:
 1. An isolated nucleic acid molecule selected from the group consisting of: a) a nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleotide sequence which is at least 55% identical to the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO:1, 3, 7, 9, 25, 27, 38, 40, 42, 48, 50, 51, 53, 54, 56, 60, 62, or the cDNA insert of the plasmid deposited with the ATCC as any of Accession Numbers ______, or a complement thereof; b) a nucleic acid molecule comprising a fragment of at least 300 nucleotides of the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO:1, 3, 7, 9, 25, 27, 38, 40, 42, 48, 50, 51, 53, 54, 56, 60, 62, or the cDNA insert of the plasmid deposited with the ATCC as any of Accession Numbers ______, or a complement thereof; c) a nucleic acid molecule which encodes a polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, 8, 26, 39, 41, 43, 49, 52, 55, 61, or amino acid sequence encoded by the cDNA insert of the plasmid deposited with the ATCC as any of Accession Numbers ______; d) a nucleic acid molecule which encodes a fragment of a polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, 8, 26, 39, 41, 43, 49, 52, 55, 61, or the polypeptide encoded by the cDNA insert of the plasmid deposited with the ATCC as any of Accession Numbers ______, wherein the fragment comprises at least 15 contiguous amino acids of SEQ ID NO:2, 8, 26, 39, 41, 43, 49, 52, 55, 61, or the polypeptide encoded by the cDNA insert of the plasmid deposited with the ATCC as any of Accession Numbers ______; and e) a nucleic acid molecule which encodes a naturally occurring allelic variant of a polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, 8, 26, 39, 41, 43, 49, 52, 55, 61, or the amino acid sequence encoded by the cDNA insert of the plasmid deposited with the ATCC as any of Accession Numbers ______, wherein the nucleic acid molecule hybridizes to a nucleic acid molecule comprising SEQ ID NO:1, 3, 7, 9, 25, 27, 38, 40, 42, 48, 50, 51, 53, 54, 56, 60, 62, or a complement thereof under stringent conditions.
 2. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of claim 1, which is selected from the group consisting of: a) a nucleic acid comprising the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO:1, 3, 7, 9, 25, 27, 38, 40, 42, 48, 50, 51, 53, 54, 56, 60, 62, or the cDNA insert of the plasmid deposited with the ATCC as any of Accession Numbers ______, or a complement thereof; and b) a nucleic acid molecule which encodes a polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, 8, 26, 39, 41, 43, 49, 52, 55, 61, or the amino acid sequence encoded by the cDNA insert of the plasmid deposited with the ATCC as any of Accession Numbers ______.
 3. The nucleic acid molecule of claim 1 further comprising vector nucleic acid sequences.
 4. The nucleic acid molecule of claim 1 further comprising nucleic acid sequences encoding a heterologous polypeptide.
 5. A host cell which contains the nucleic acid molecule of claim
 1. 6. The host cell of claim 5 which is a mammalian host cell.
 7. A non-human mammalian host cell containing the nucleic acid molecule of claim
 1. 8. An isolated polypeptide selected from the group consisting of: a) a fragment of a polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, 8, 26, 39, 41, 43, 49, 52, 55, or 61, wherein the fragment comprises at least 15 contiguous amino acids of SEQ ID NO:2, 8, 26, 39, 41, 43, 49, 52, 55, or 61; b) a naturally occurring allelic variant of a polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, 8, 26, 39, 41, 43, 49, 52, 55, or 61, or the amino acid sequence encoded by the cDNA insert of the plasmid deposited with the ATCC as any of Accession Numbers ______, wherein the polypeptide is encoded by a nucleic acid molecule which hybridizes to a nucleic acid molecule comprising SEQ ID NO:1, 3, 7, 9, 25, 27, 38, 40, 42, 48, 50, 51, 53, 54, 56, 60, 62, or a complement thereof under stringent conditions; and c) a polypeptide which is encoded by a nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleotide sequence which is at least 65% identical to a nucleic acid comprising the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO:1, 3, 7, 9, 25, 27, 38, 40, 42, 48, 50, 51, 53, 54, 56, 60, 62, or a complement thereof.
 9. The isolated polypeptide of claim 8 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, 8, 26, 39, 41, 43, 49, 52, 55, or
 61. 10. The polypeptide of claim 8 further comprising heterologous amino acid sequences.
 11. An antibody which selectively binds to a polypeptide of claim
 8. 12. A method for producing a polypeptide selected from the group consisting of: a) a polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, 8, 26, 39, 41, 43, 49, 52, 55, 61, or the amino acid sequence encoded by the cDNA insert of the plasmid deposited with the ATCC as any of Accession Numbers ______; b) a polypeptide comprising a fragment of the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, 8, 26, 39, 41, 43, 49, 52, 55, 61, or the amino acid sequence encoded by the cDNA insert of the plasmid deposited with the ATCC as any of Accession Number ______, wherein the fragment comprises at least 15 contiguous amino acids of SEQ ID NO:2, 8, 26, 39, 41, 43, 49, 52, 55, 61, or the amino acid sequence encoded by the cDNA insert of the plasmid deposited with the ATCC as any of Accession Numbers ______; and c) a naturally occurring allelic variant of a polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, 8, 26, 39, 41, 43, 49, 52, 55, 61, or the amino acid sequence encoded by the cDNA insert of the plasmid deposited with the ATCC as any of Accession Numbers ______, wherein the polypeptide is encoded by a nucleic acid molecule which hybridizes to a nucleic acid molecule comprising SEQ ID NO:1, 3, 7, 9, 25, 27, 38, 40, 42, 48, 50, 51, 53, 54, 56, 60, 62, or a complement thereof under stringent conditions; comprising culturing the host cell of claim 5 under conditions in which the nucleic acid molecule is expressed.
 13. A method for detecting the presence of a polypeptide of claim 8 in a sample, comprising: a) contacting the sample with a compound which selectively binds to a polypeptide of claim 8; and b) determining whether the compound binds to the polypeptide in the sample.
 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the compound which binds to the polypeptide is an antibody.
 15. A kit comprising a compound which selectively binds to a polypeptide of claim 8 and instructions for use.
 16. A method for detecting the presence of a nucleic acid molecule of claim 1 in a sample, comprising the steps of: a) contacting the sample with a nucleic acid probe or primer which selectively hybridizes to the nucleic acid molecule; and b) determining whether the nucleic acid probe or primer binds to a nucleic acid molecule in the sample.
 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the sample comprises mRNA molecules and is contacted with a nucleic acid probe.
 18. A kit comprising a compound which selectively hybridizes to a nucleic acid molecule of claim 1 and instructions for use.
 19. A method for identifying a compound which binds to a polypeptide of claim 8 comprising the steps of: a) contacting a polypeptide, or a cell expressing a polypeptide of claim 8 with a test compound; and b) determining whether the polypeptide binds to the test compound.
 20. The method of claim 19, wherein the binding of the test compound to the polypeptide is detected by a method selected from the group consisting of: a) detection of binding by direct detecting of test compound/polypeptide binding; b) detection of binding using a competition binding assay; c) detection of binding using an assay for CARD-3, CARD-4, CARD-5, or CARD-6-mediated signal transduction.
 21. A method for modulating the activity of a polypeptide of claim 8 comprising contacting a polypeptide or a cell expressing a polypeptide of claim 8 with a compound which binds to the polypeptide in a sufficient concentration to modulate the activity of the polypeptide.
 22. A method for identifying a compound which modulates the activity of a polypeptide of claim 8, comprising: a) contacting a polypeptide of claim 8 with a test compound; and b) determining the effect of the test compound on the activity of the polypeptide to thereby identify a compound which modulates the activity of the polypeptide. 